英语专四听力中短文题2.ppt

短文,提问方式有四种 中心思想题(测试文章的主题思想. What is the main idea of the passage? What can we learn from this passage? What is the best title for this passage? What is the passage mainly about? What is the speaker talking about? What does the passage say about?etc.,做题时一定要集中注意力听好开头,因为四级听力开门 见山,把中心思想置于开头 . What does the passage say about accidents? (A) Accidents are unavoidable? Accidents can be avoided. Human beings are always careless. There should be more precaution. Youll hear: Although it is impossible to eliminate all risks from such a complex and experimental project as the American space programme, every precaution is taken to reduce the possibility of injury. Neverless, Accidents do happen,2.事实细节题,所考察的细节包括具体时间地点主要人物或事各种数字等,问题一般为wh-question的形式 对时间数字一定要敏感,及时做好笔记;另外,文中一旦出现以因果连词(如because, so, due to) 和转折连词(如but, however, though)引导的句子也要格外小心,Which is the largest single visitor expenditure? A. Hotel accommodation. B. Meals C. Shopping D. Entertainment Youll read: Money spent on shopping, however-the largest single visitor expenditure- dropped slightly in the first half year, but spending on items such as tours, dinning and entertainment increased,3.对错判断题,Which of the following is true/not true, according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等 一定要看懂提问, 对于有没有not或except一词要弄清楚 Whether observations come from all the sources EXCEPT_. (A) A. computers B. satellites the ground radar Youll read: These are based on observations from the ground, from satellites and from radar,推理推测题,对文中的信息进行分析推断,才能作出正确的选择.提问方式: What can be inferred about the passage? What does the speaker think about the problem? What does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about? 一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断.,What does the passage say about this years business travelers? (B) A.There are fewer business travelers. B. There are more business travelers. C.The number remains the same as last years. D. It is not mentioned in the passage. Youll hear: “This years figures so far are showing a swing in favor of more vacation travelers plus an increase in the arrivals for meetings and conferences,” the Bulletin reports.,时间数字计算体,：对出现的一些时间和数字进行提问，通常要经过一些简单的运算 听力试题所涉及的数字包括：年代、时间、年龄、距离、速度、价格、数量等，要求回答对话或某事在什么时间发生；或某人在什么时间做某事；或价格、数量等。在做数字计算题时，考生除了应该听清具体的数字，还应该注意表示倍数、百分率等的量词，例如： double, half, dozen, couple, thirty percent, three times, decade, century等等。同时，还要注意与数字有关的词，例如：more, less, before, ago, later等等。此外还要注意文中较长的数字。,另外，当对时间进行提问时，也可能不用数字而用表示时间的短语来表示，考生应注意以下几点：,a. 根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如：before, after, when, while, then, until, later, right away, immediately, as soon as possible等。 b. 掌握年、月、日、星期等时间的表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如 quarter, a couple of days, twilight, eve, fortnight(two weeks), dawn(daybreak), dusk(time just before it gets quite back)等。同时注意英、美不同的时间表达方式，如：2：15读作 a quarter past two(英)或 two fifteen（美）；2：30读作 half past two(英) two thirty（美）等。 c. 有时候，文中通过从句或短语表示时间，而不出现具体表示时间的数字或表示时间概念的单词，这种情况也要引起注意。例如：“Arent you glad the semesters over?”可以判断出时间为“at the end of the semester”。,d. 从选择项看到时间和数字题型后，要集中精力获取时间和数字的信息。把听到的表示时间的数字顺序记下来，并理解各项数字之间的关系。这样做是因为文中有时不仅仅出现一个表示时间的数字。如果单靠听而不做任何记录，最后很容易混淆数字间的关系，无法正确回答问题。 e. 听的时候注意近音的干扰要能准确区分：-teen /ti:n/和/ti/。它们的区别不仅在于一个是长元音/i:/，另一个是短元音/i/；而且/ti:n/是重读音节，而/ti/不重读。 f. 时间推算也是对话题目中的考点，同学们要学会英语中表示时间提前或推后的方法，如：提前或提早5分钟 five minutes ahead of time; five minutes ahead of schedule; five minutes early; early by five minutes.推迟或吃到5分钟 five minutes later; five minutes behind schedule; late by five minutes; be delayed/postponed for five minutes.,g.,为了快而准地对数字有所反应，同学们要熟悉一些单词和表达方式： 时间：five oclock sharp (5点整)；on the dot(整点)；the day before yesterday(前天); the day after tomorrow(后天);this time next week(下周此时); a fortnight(两周); weekly(每周); monthly(每月)；quarterly(每季)；yearly/annually(每年); a decade(十年)；B.C.(公元前)。,数字：one half/ a half; one and half; a quarter/ one fourth; five sixths; zero point five(0.5); one point five two(1.52); a couple of; million; billion。 货币：a dollar/ a buck; five cents/ a nickel; a dime; a quarter/twenty-five cents; a pound; penny。,有关计算的表达：plus/add/addition（加）; minus/take off（减）; ,multiply（乘）; divide（除）; double（翻倍）; triple（增加倒三倍）; two more（多两个）; three less（少三个）; half the price（半价）; thirty percent off/ discount of 30%（打七折）; at 15% discount（打八五折）。,比较的转换,A1）原级比较与比较级之间的关系 A+谓语（not)+as形容词、副词+as+B 转换：B+谓语+比较级+（than A) 如不交换位置，可在形容词、副词前加less A is not asas B=A is less +比较级+（than B),2）比较级与最高级的关系,a)主语+谓语+比较级+than any other=主语+谓语+形容词、副词最高级 b)Nothing(nobodt,no one等）+谓语+形容词、副词比较级+ than被比