2018届高三一轮复习名词性从句学案

名词性从句1、 基本概念在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括_、_、_和_。判断下列句子属于名词性从句的哪一种1.What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2.Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3.I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4.We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 二、注意事项 :1.注意区分that 与what （重难点-必考点） 连词引导的从句thatwhat名词性从句没有词义不作任何成分有时可省略有词义，“什么、所的”充当主语、宾语或表语不能省略定语从句指人或物，作主语、宾语或表语；可省略请用that或what 填空。1）_he said at the meeting yesterday surprised us2）_he spoke at the meeting yesterday surprised us .3）_your father wants to know is how you are getting along with your study.4)The trouble is _ we are short of tools.5)China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer _it used to be.6)_he really means is _he disagrees with us.2.主语从句作主语，主句谓语动词通常用单数；为使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。 It + be + 形容词(strange, natural. True等) + that 等Eg：Its strange that he didnt come. It + be + 名词词组+ that从句（a pity, a shame等）Eg: Its a pity that he cant go. It doesnt matter + how/ whether从句Eg: It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. It + be + 过去分词（said, reported, hoped等）+that从句Eg: Its reported that our China team has won. It seems / happens + that从句Eg：It happens that I wasnt there that day. 3.表语从句还可以用as if， as though引导。在表语从句中.不要使用The reason why is because 句型, 应使用 The reason why is that 或This / it /that/ is because等句型. 4.表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时可用if或whether，但在介词后或直接与or not连用时，只能用whether引导；引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时，只能用whether，不用if。5. 同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea， promise，suggestion，advice, doubt, word(消息), information, order等抽象名词之后，说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导，不能由which引导。6. 当宾语从句又带有补语时，要用it作形式宾语。如：I think it important that we should keep calm.7. 在表示“建议” “命令” “要求”，如advice，suggestion，proposal，order， demand，request等词后的名词性从句，其谓语通常用“(should)动词原形”。8.宾从的否定转移：宾从中有think, believe, imagine, suppose 等动词时，否定形式要转移。翻译为“认为/相信/猜测.不”如：I dont think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。I dont believe he will do so, will he?我相信他不会这样做，是吗？当由两个that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时，第二个that不可省。Tom told the leader (that) Jone had worker very hard and that he wanted him stay.9.同位语从句与定语从句的区别：（难点）不同点：同位语从句：对前面的名词（注意是抽象名词）起解释说明的作用；that没有词义，不作成分，不可省略。定语从句：对前面的名词或代词起修饰限定的作用；that 有词义，作主语或宾语，可省略。10.whoever意思为“凡者”相当于anyone who+定语从句。它既可作主句的主语，又可作从句的主语。而who引导主语从句，只在从句中作主语。例1 _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. whoever D. Whom Key C点拨 whoever = anyone who例2 Tom hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who Key C点拨 whoever 引导的句子做介宾而no matter who 不引导名词性从句，只引导让步状从。例3 It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever Key A三、练习巩固（一）用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。 1. _ he didnt attend the meeting yesterday wasnt quite clear. 2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope _ the two sides will work towards peace.” 3. _ team will win the match is still unknown. 4. _ comes to the party will receive a present. 5. _ Mary has left is still a question. 6. Its reported _ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly. 7. _ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us. 8. We usually think _ we cant get seems better than what we have. 9. It is a fact _ English is being accepted as an international language. 10. _ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasnt been decided.11. _has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. 12. - Could you do me a favor?- It depends on _ it is.13. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago .(二)改错1. Exactly how the tomato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats when I was born.” 3. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is that my mother used to tell me. 4. It makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 5. From space, the earth looks blue. This is how about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 6. It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. 7. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whatever suits you best.8. It doesnt matter if you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 9. Our teachers always tell us to believe in that what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.10. When the news came how the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.11. It all depends on if they will support us .12.Doris success lies in the fact which she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. (三) 语法填空I am going to tell you 1. happened in my restaurant today.This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew 2. he was. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We wondered 3. he was so hungry. We also doubted 4. the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5. we should mind waiting for just a minutes. After some time, we were shocked to see 6. he took out of a letter and a million pound bank-note.I asked Mr. Clements, the owner of the restaurant, 7. it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England t