8aunit 2 同步辅导(下)

课 前 热 身词汇运用1. Jack is preparing a party for his sisters _ (twelve) birthday. He wants to give her a big surprise?2. Do you know the differences between American English and_(英国)English?3. We had better practice_(讲)English every day4. Which_(科目)do you like best? Chinese and history5. _(地理)can help US know more about our country and the world6. My brother is interested in_(科学)，he says he wants to be a_(科学家) when he grows up7. Many young students enjoy listening to_(流行)songs8. Did you see any_(猴子)in the zoo yesterday，Daniel?9. Do you know the_(长)of the Yellow River?10.Who spent the_(最少)time working out the problem?答案：1twelfth 2British 3speaking 4subjects 5Geography 6science scientist 7popular 8monkeys 9length 10least英汉翻译1. 一所混合型的学校 2. cook healthy and tasty meals 3. 上驾驶课 4. have a great time talking _5. 每堂课要结束时 6. drive somebody to school 7. 如何烧饭缝补 8. haveoff 9. 与不同 10.without ones help 答案：1a mixed school 2烧健康美味的饭菜 3have(take)a driving lesson 4交谈愉快 5at the end of each class 6开车送某人上学 7how to cook and sew 8放假天 9be different from 10没有某人的帮助Unit2重要句型1. Why dont dogs go to school? =Why not go to school? 为什么狗不去上学？【考点聚焦】建议的句型：Why dont=Why notShall we？What about.? /How about Lets do.Would you like to do？对建议的回答常有：Good idea! Why not? Great！Id like to.等单项选择( ) 1.I cantremember the words all the time . _? A. Why not writing them down B. Why notwritedownthem C. Why not write them down D. Why notwriting them down ( ) 2.Its a long time since I saw my sister._ her this weekend? A.Whynotvisit B.whynotto visitC.Whynotvisiting D.Whydont visit( ) 3. puttingoffourweddinguntilnextmonth?Itsuptoyou!Imfreeallthetime.A. How about B.Why not C.Lets D.Why dont you 答案：CAA 2. Whats school like? =What does school look like? 学校是什么样的？【考点聚焦】Whatslike?的用法：(1) 用于询问人的情况时，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质等，更侧重于回答人的性格品质。eg:What is his brother like? 他弟弟是怎样一个人？He is very kind and warm-hearted.他很友好，是个热心肠。(2) 对想了解的事物进行描述。eg:What was the football game like? 足球比赛怎么样？ It was great. We won the game.棒极了。我们赢了(3) What does the girl look like?（只可以询问外貌）单项选择( ) 1. ? He is very friendly and generous.A. What is Hepburn like? B. What does Hepburn like?C. How does Hepburn like? D. How is Hepburn like?( ) 2.What Jack ? He is unusual boy. He is clever and helpful.A. is ,look like, an B. is , like , an C. does, like, a D. does , look like ,a答案：A B3. Its like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements.它就像看电视，但是广告更少。【考点聚焦】 (1) 此句中的like是介词，其反义词是unlike（不像），后可接名词、代词或动名词作其宾语。eg: His new hat is like a cat on the chair. 他的新帽子像一只猫在椅子上。(2) few，a few，little，a little的用法： few，a few修饰可数名词的复数形式；little，a little修饰不可数名词，表示“数量”。注意little还有“小”之意，此时可修饰可数名词。eg: There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里有一点点水。My little cat is gone. 我的小猫不见了。 a few，a little表示肯定意义，few，little表示否定意义。eg: I have few friends in the new school. 在新学校里我几乎没有朋友。There is little milk in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里没有牛奶了，不是吗？ 当few受every, last, past , next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。eg: It took us some few days to repair the machine. 修这个机器花了我们几天的时间。单项选择( ) 1. I_ my mother andI_ her very much.A.like;like B. amlike;likes C. amlike;like( ) 2. _boys in my class can ski but_of them can do as well as Jim does. A.Few;few B. Many;few C. Afew; many D. Afew; afew答案：C B4. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.当我们读有趣的书时，时间似乎走得更快。【考点聚焦】 (1) “主语+seem+不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。eg: The young man seemed to change a lot. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。(2) “主语+seem +(to be)+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。eg: Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。(3) “It seems+ that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。eg: It seems that Millie is very happy. 米莉似乎很开心。 补充句子1. 她今天似乎不开心。Mrs. Lin seems _today.= Mrs. Lin seems _ today.= _ _ that Mrs. Lin _ _ today.2. Jim好像在那儿打棒球。 Jim _ _ play baseball there单项选择( ) 1. There_lotsofbadnewsontheInternetforchildren.A.seemstobe B.seemtobeC.seemtohave D.seemtohave( ) 2. Look, Sally looks unhappy,what_the problem?A.seemto be B.seems to be C.seemthat答案：(1) unhappy to be unhappy It seems is unhappy (2)seemed to (1)B (2)B 5. She draws better than any other student in my class.她画画比我班其他任何一个学生都好。【考点聚焦】any other+单数名词=the other+复数名词。此结构用于在同一比较范围，如果比较的两个对象不在同一范围，则无需加other。eg: Jim jumps higher than any other student in his class. =Jim jumps higher than the other students in his class.=Nobody else jumps higher than Jim in his class.在他班级里，吉姆跳得比其他学生都高。Shanghai is bigger than any city in Africa. 上海比非洲的任一个城市都大。单项选择( ) 1. She is better at English than _ in the class.A.anyotherstudent B. theotherstudentC. the one ofanyotherstudent D. those ofanyotherstudent( ) 2. Amyis taller than _ in her class.A.anyotherboys B.anyotherboy C.anyboy D.anyoftheotherboy答案：(1)A (2)C6. Chinese students have more/fewer weeks off. 中国学生有更多更少周的假期。【考点聚焦】(1) haveoff意为“有的假期，休时间的假”。 eg: I will have two days off next week. 下周我要休假两天。(2) off作副词，意为“离开，在远方；分离，中断；不工作”，作介词，意为“从离开，脱离”。 单项选择( ) 1. ChinesestudentshavethanAmericanstudents,soAmericanstudents spendatschoolthanChinesestudents.A.fewerdaysoff,lesstimetoworkB.lessdaysoff,moretimetoworkC.lessdaysoff,moretimeworkingD.fewerdaysoff,lesstimeworking( ) 2. The castle stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the river.A.to B. for C. off D. out 答案：D C7. Learning foreign languages is fun. 学习外语很有趣。【考点聚焦】动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数，若两个或者两个以上动名词做主语，谓语动词用复数。词汇运用1. (eat) more fruit and more exercise (be)good for our health.2. (study) Zhalong (help)us learn about protecting wildlife.答案：1.eating doing are 2.Studying helps8. During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. 在读书周期间，我们可以从学校图书馆里借更多的书。【考点聚焦】borrow “借入” lend “借出” borrow sth. from sb./sp. 向某人借某物 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人单项选择 ( ) 1. How long can I this weekly magazine?A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. have ( ) 2.Can I your bike?With pleasure. But you mustnt it to others. A. lend, borrow B. borrow, lend C. lend, lend D. borrow, borrow答案：A B9. I always have a lovely time! 我总是玩得开心！【考点聚焦】have a good/nice/wonderful/lovely time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩的开心have a great time doing sth. 做某事很开心词汇运用1. They have a great time (chat) with each other.2. What great fun they had (play) chess last weekend!答案：（1）chatting （2）playing10. Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class.在这（阅读）周快结束的时候，我们在课堂上与同班同学一起讨论这些书。【考点聚焦】near the end of意为“在快结束的时候”；at the end (of)意为“在（的）末端”；in the end at last意为“最后，终于”。eg: In the end she married a singer. 最后她嫁给了一个歌手。At the end of the road he found the post office. 在路的尽头，他找到了邮局。补全句子1. 她从不说任何人的坏话. She never_ a _ _about_. 2. Jim是一个慷慨大方的人,他总是愿意帮助那些需要助的人.Jim is a _ person and is always _ _help people in _.3. Max很有幽默感.他讲有趣的笑话,总使我发笑.Max has a good _of_. He tells_ _and always_ _ _.4. 约翰比丹尼尔学的课程少，所以他的空闲时间比丹尼尔多。John studies _classes than Naniel , so he has _ free time than Daniel。5. 美国的学校生活与英国学校的生活不一样。School life in the USA _.6. 很多人认为玩游戏很有趣。Many people think _games _ interesting.7. 我希望他能画得比我的任何同学都认真。I hope he can _ _ _than _ _ _.8. 三个人中Kitty的果汁最少。Kitty _ _ _juice_ _ _.9. 我们应该用较少的人力与财力把工作做得更好。 We should use _people and _money to do the work_.10. 他有两个儿子,一个是医生,另一个是教师。He has two sons, _is a doctor, _ _is a teacher.答案：1. says bad word others 2.generous ready to need 3.sense humor interesting jokes makes me laugh4.fewer more 5.is different from that in UK 6.playing is 7.draw more carefully any other student8.has the least among three people 9.fewer less better 10.one the other 句型转换1. He likes baseball best. (改为同义句)His _ _ is baseball.2. It is interesting to swim in the river. (改为感叹句)_ _ interesting thing it is to swim in the river.3. He did his homework yesterday evening. (改为否定句)He _ _ his homework yesterday evening.4. He is the tallest boy in his class.（改为同义句）He is taller than _ _ boy in his class.5. He offered me a glass of milk. (改为同义句)He _ a glass of milk _me.6. I dont know how I can solve the problem.（改为简单句）I dont know_ _ _ the problem.答案：1.favorite sport 2.What an 3.didnt do 4.any other 5.offered to 6.how to solveUnit2 重要语法一、事物比较(1) 两种事物进行比较1. 如果两种事物是可数名词进行比较,而且表示一种比另一种少时,要用句型“fewer+可数名词+than”结构;2. 如果是不可数名词进行比较,要用句型“less+不可数名词+than”结构。3. 表示一种比另一种多时,不管是可数名词还是不可数名词,都要用“more+可数名词/不可数名词+than”结构。eg: He joins fewer clubs than I. 他加入的俱乐部比我少。 We drink less coffee than tea. 我们喝咖啡不如喝茶多。He has more free time than I. 他的空余时间比我多。He has more books than me . 他的书比我多。(2) 三种或三种以上事物进行比较1. 如果三种或三种以上事物是可数名词进行比较,表示最少时,要用句型“the fewest”结构;2. 如果是不可数名词进行比较,要用句型“the least ”结构。3. 如果三种或三种以上事物，表示最多时,不管是可数名词还是不可数名词,都要用“the most ”结构。eg: She can sing the fewest songs in our class. 我们班里她最会唱歌 He finishes the least homework of us three. 我们三个人里，他完成的家庭作业最少。Simon drinks the most milk.西蒙喝的牛奶最多。单项选择( ) 1. _animals are in danger and there will be _space for them if we do nothing for them.A.Moreandmore; less and less B. Less and less;moreandmoreC. Fewer and fewer;moreandmore D.Moreandmore;moreandmore( ) 2. Moreandmorepeopleareusedtoshoppingonlinebecauseitcosts_moneyandsaves_time.A.more;less B.more;fewer C. fewer;more D. less;more( ) 3. I have _ money than you, but I have _ friends than you.A.more,more B. less,more C. fewer,more D.more, less( ) 4. Imafraidthe citywillbemorepolluted.Whatcanwedo?Wecanuse_waterandplant_trees.A.more;more B.less;fewer C.less;more D. fewer;more( ) 5. We can do things with money and people.A.more,more,more B.more, less, fewerC. less, less, less D. less,more, less( ) 6. Amongallthestudents,Jasonhas_juiceandbreadandLilyhas_tomatoes.A.thefewest;theleast B.fewest;least C.theleast;themost D.least;more( ) 7. Which month has _ days in a year? February.A. few B. little C. the least D. thefewest( ) 8. Which city has _population, Dongying, Shanghai or Jinan?A. the biggest B. the largest C. the most D. thefewest( ) 9. MostChinesestudents hope _ homework. If so, they can have much _time for their hobbies.A. to have an hour of; more B. to have an hour for;mostC. having an hour of; more D. to have an hour to do;most( ) 10. _ of the people here live on rice，and the people there live _ on noodles. A. Mostly；most B. Most；mostly C. Mostly；mostly D. Most; most答案：1-5 ADBCB 6-10 CDBAB二、副词1. 副词的基本特征(1) 副词是表示行为或状态特征的词,在句子中属于修饰性词类,副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词或另外的一个副词,有时修饰整个句子,在句子中作状语。副词还可以作表语、宾语补足语、定语等。(2) 大多数副词是由形容词加后缀ly构成的。如:quickly, slowly, bravely。但friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly仍为形容词以y结尾的形容词,先将y改为i,再加ly。如:happyhappily, angryangrily。有些副词没有特殊词尾。如:now, often, here, quite, never, very等。(3) 有些副词与形容词形式相同。如:late, early, high, long等。(4) 只有可以分成比较等级的副词才能有比较级或最高级形式。如:fast, easily, early等。像only, really, there, here则不可能有比较等级,因为从词义上看它们是不可分级的。单项选择( ) We dont want to speak badly or in front of the class.A. clearlyB. carefullyC. carelesslyD. properly答案：C2. 副词的分类副词可以分为以下几类:时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、频率副词、疑问副词、连接副词等。(1) 时间副词: today, yesterday, before, now, then等。(2) 地点副词: here, there, inside, outside, downstairs, everywhere等。(3) 方式副词: carefully, slowly, suddenly, well, hard, high等。(4) 程度副词: much, very, enough, little, a bit, so, too, rather, quite, nearly, half, hardly, almost等。(5) 频率副词: usually, sometimes, never, always, often, everyday等。以上这些副词一般用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明动作的时间、地点、方式或程度等,又可把它们统称为修饰性副词。(6) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等,用来引导一个特殊疑问句。单项选择( ) does your cousin usually go to work on foot?He says its good for his health. A. WhereB. When C. Why D. How 答案：C(7) 连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether等,用来引导一个名词性从句。eg: We havent decided when we shall leave. 我们还没有决定什么时候动身。3. 副词的功能(1) 作状语副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可以修饰整个句子。eg: He works hard .(修饰动词) 他工作努力。He works out the problem very easily。(修饰副词) 他轻而易举地解决了这个问题。Unfortunately ,he was out when I arrived. (修饰整个句子) 很遗憾，我到达时他出去了。(2) 作表语作表语的副词大多数是表示位置和状态的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs.eg: He is in. 他在家。I must be off now.我现在必须走了。(3) 作宾语补足语eg: Let them in。让他们进来。4. 副词的位置(1) 副词修饰动词时,一般放在动词的后面;若是及物动词,则放在宾语之后。eg: Tom does his homework carefully. 汤姆做功课很细心。(2) 频率副词通常放在动词之前,但如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或be动词,则放在这类动词之后。eg: They always get up early. 他们总是起得很早。(3) 副词修饰形容词或其他副词时,放在被修饰词之前。eg: This problem is too difficult. 这个问题太难了。注意:副词enough通常放在被修饰词之后。eg: My brother isnt old enough to go to school.我弟弟还不到上学的年龄。但是被修饰词是名词,enough 放在该名词之前或之后,但这时enough 是形容词。eg: She has enough money/money enough to buy the computer. 她有足够的钱买这台电脑。 (4) 如果一个句子里同时出现表示时间、地点的副词作状语时,通常是先地点、后时间。eg: He worked in Qingdao last year. 他去年在青岛工作。(5) 为了强调动作发生的时间,有些副词可置于句首,如 once, yesterday, tomorrow, soon, now, usually等。eg: Yesterday we all went to the park. 昨天我们都去公园了。(6) 有少数副词在句中的位置非常灵活,常放在与它关系最密切的词前,如only或even。eg: Only I have been there. They havent been there. 只有我去过那儿,他们没有去过。eg: Even he cant answer the question. 甚至连他也不能回答这个问题。注意：有些词既可以作形容词又可以作副词：far、fast、hard、high、late、long和well。三、副词比较级和最高级1. 副词比较等级的构成规则A. 单音节的副词在词尾加er或est构成比较级和最高级。 加er或est 如:hardharderhardest, fastfasterfastest 直接加r或st 如:latelaterlatest 变y为i再加er或est 如:earlyearlierearliestB. 双音节词或多音节词在词的前面加上more或most构成比较级和最高级。slowlymore slowlymost slowlyquicklymore quicklymost quicklycarefullymore carefullymost carefullyC. 不规则副词的变化见下表:wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest2. 副词比较等级的用法(1) 两者相同程度的比较,用“as+副词原级+as”结构;否定形式用“not as(或so)+副词原级+as”结构。eg: She can do as well as you. 她能做得和你一样好。(2) 两者不同程度的比较,用“副词比较级+than”结构。eg: A car goes faster than a bike. 小汽车比自行车跑得快。(3) 比较级的其他表达形式。A. “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中最的”。eg: He works the harder of the two. 他是这两个中工作最努力的。B. “less+原级+than”与“not as(so)+原级”的意思一致,表示“不如”。eg: That book is less interesting than this one.=That book isnt as interesting as this one. 那本书没有这本书有趣。C. “the+比较级+.,the+比较级+.”表示“越,越”。eg: The harder you work,the greater progress youll make.你工作得越努力,取得的进步就越大。D. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”eg: The worlds population grows faster and faster.世界人口增长越来越快。3. 副词的最高级(1) 句型:A+动词(实义动词)+(the)副词的最高级+of(或in)三者或者三者以上相比较,用副词最高级,副词最高级之前加或不加the都可以。eg: Who studies(the) hardest in your class?你们班谁学习最刻苦?eg: My father gets up(the) earliest on Sundays. 我爸爸在星期天起床最早。(2)在副词最高级里常用“副词最高级+of all(或用in引导的短语).”结构说明比较的范围。eg: Mike draws best of all.在所有人当中,迈克画得最好。Of all the girls she runs fastest.在所有的女孩子中,她跑得最快。(3) the+序数词+最高级,表示“第最的”eg: He runs the second fastest in his class.他是班级中跑步第二快的。(4) 副词比较等级的修饰语。副词的比较级前可用much,a little,a bit,still,even，far,等词来修饰。eg: May I keep the book a little longer?这本书我可以再保留一段时间吗?He sings much better than I. 他唱得比我好。使用比较级时应注意的几个问题:A. 在对比中应明确对比对象,即比较的双方必须是同类项。eg: His Chinese is as good as mine.他中文跟我的一样好。该句不能写成“His Chinese is as good as I.”。Chinese不能同人相比,应和同类的物体对比,mine即为my Chinese。B. 在对比中如比较的双方在同一范围内,应该排除主语在外,即比较的双方不能互相包含。eg: Tom runs faster than any other student in his class. 汤姆比他班上其他任何同学跑得都快。该句不能写成“Tom runs faster than any students in his class.”。any student(任何一个同学)包括Tom本人,加上other后就将Tom排除在外了,这样进行对比的则是Tom与班级其他任何学生了。C. 注意比较句中的替代词。eg: The weather is warmer in winter in Shanghai tha