Subject-verbconcord(主谓一致).ppt

Subject-verb concord,主谓一致,主谓一致(Agreement of Subject and Verb)是指谓语动词必须同主语的人称和数保持一致，它一直是英语考试的考查重点。主谓一致原则看起来很简单，但实际运用情况却很复杂。本课件对考试中经常考查的主谓一致关系的一些特殊规律，做一简要归纳。,练习：请选择括号中动词的正确形式填空。,1.Neither you nor your sister _(has/have)been working hard. 2.Fifteen percent of the students _(is/are)absent today. 3.One thousand dollars _(is/are)a lot of money to such a little child. 4.Your brother,as well as his friends，_(is/are)very kind to us. 5.What he said _(is/are)reasonable.,6.The class _(is /are)the best in the school. 7.News _(is/are)indispensable to our life. 8.One man or two _(is/are)mentioned in the story. 9.The singer and dancer _(is/are)welcomed warmly by the local people. 10.No teacher and no student _(is/are)listening to the lecture. 答案：1.has 2.Are 3.Is 4.is 5.Is 6.is 7.is 8.is/are 9.is 10.is,1. 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致. 2. 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致. 3. 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语.一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词用动词复数.,什么是主谓一致?,课堂练习:,1. Her advice _ useful to me. ( be ) 2. Laying eggs _ the queen ants full-time job. ( be ) 3. Everyone _ Tom and Mary will get married next month. (know) 4. Nothing _ been done to stop the lake from being polluted. (have) 5. Either of the rooms _ big enough.( be ),6. More than one person _ killed in the accident. ( be ) 7. More questions than one _ been asked. ( have) 8. A poor woman together with her four children _ found begging in the street. ( be ) 9. The professor, including all of his students _ gone abroad. ( have) 10. Two hours _ enough for us to finish the work. ( be ),注意,1.当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 2.当either-or-与neither-nor连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pencil, a few envelops and some paper for you. 当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.,4.代词each和由every, some ,no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数 Each of us has a tape-recorder. 5.当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数 The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English. 6.表示金钱时间价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数（用复数也可，意思不变） Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.,举例说明,There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式. Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.,小练一下,Each of us_ a nice pencil-box. 主语是Each，表示我们中的每一个，为单数； We each _ a new pen. 第二句主语是We，表示所有的人都，为复数。,一、形式上为复数，但意义上为单数的名词作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。这类名词有以-s结尾的表示学科、专业、疾病等术语的名词及其他名词。如： economics，linguistics，politics， mathematics，physics，measles(麻疹)， news，works，brains(智慧)等等。例如： Physics is a difficult subject. Brains is very important to a person.,二、表示时间、距离、重量、价格、度量衡的复数名词或短语作主语表示一个整体概念时，谓语一般用单数。例如： Five hours is a short time for such a difficult job. Ten miles is a long way to walk.,三、集合名词people,police,cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；集合名词army,class,club,committee, crowd,crew,family,gang,herd,jury,public,congress,assembly,band等作主语时，如指整体，谓语动词用单数；如指成员，谓语动词用复数。例如： The family is going to move to Beijing. The family have different opinions about their going abroad.,四、分数或百分数及all,part,some,most,half,the rest of等表示部分的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词一致。 例如： Most of the university students have part-time jobs to finance their tuition. Most of the work hasnt been finished yet.,五、名词或代词后跟with,along with,like,accompanied by,except,besides,as well as,together with,in addition to,including,no less than,rather than,as much as等引起的结构时，谓语动词随结构前的名词或代词的形式而定。 例如： The president,accompanied by five officials,has gone to USA for a very important meeting. You，rather than your sister,are responsible for the matter.,六、由and连接的名词的主谓一致情况分以下几种：,1.当and连接的两个名词指同一人、同一事或同一概念时，and后面那个名词前没有冠词，谓语动词用单数。例如： The teacher and writer is respected by all the people around. 2.当and连接两个都有冠词的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： The teacher and the writer are respected by all the people around.,3.形容词and形容词名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Social and political freedom are limited there. 4.用and连接的单数名词，前面有each,every, many a,no修饰语时，谓语要用单数。例如： Every man，woman,and child is entitled to take part in the activity. Each pen and each paper is found in its place.,七、不定式短语、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例如： Reading in the morning is good for learning English. 但是，当and连接上述两个相同的结构时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.,八、主语由连词or,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but(also)等连接的两个名词或代词组成时，其谓语动词应与最近的名词一致。例如： Either you or I am wrong. Not only his friends,but also he himself is looking forward to the holding of the party.,九、“one or two名词复数“,“one or more名词复数“作主语，谓语动词用复数。“one/a单数名词or two“作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。例如： One or two books are needed. One book or two is /are needed.,11. One hundred dollars a month _ not a high pay. ( be ) 12. Arabian Nights _ a book popular with the young children. ( be ) 13. Politics _ not easy for the students to learn well. ( be ) 14. The youth _ fond of rock n roll music. ( be ) 15. Fifty tons of coal _ wasted in the factory last year. ( be ),16. A large quantity of new machines _ been bought by the factory this year. ( have ) 17. Collecting stamps and playing the guitar _ my hobbies. 18. Each boy and each girl _ to finish the work on time. ( be ) 19. What they needed _ some water.