《部分专题九定从》PPT课件.ppt

专题九 定语从句,1.(2015新课标全国)Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese painting. 2.(2015广东)When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market _ people from the towns met regularly. 3.(2015安徽)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.,感 悟 高 考,that/which,where,which,4.(2015福建)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 5.(2015江苏)The number of smokers，_ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 6.(2015天津)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work. 7.(2015湖南)It is a truly delightful place，_ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.,which,as,where,which,8.(2015陕西)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent. 9.(2015四川)The books on the desk，_ covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 10.(2015重庆)He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.,when,whose,which,考 点 归 纳,考点一 关系词的用法,Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.有些在语言学习上很有成就的人，在其他领域常常一无所成。 I have many friends to whom Im going to send post cards. 我有很多打算寄贺卡给他们的朋友。 Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。 He will tell you everything that he heard about it. 他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。,This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year. 这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。 As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer？ 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？,考点二 下列情况只用that不用which 1.先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。 All the people that come from the country work much harder. 所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。,2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词。 This is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 这是我所看过的最有趣的电影。 3.先行词中既有人也有物。 He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that country. 他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。,考点三 关系副词引导的定语从句 1.关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用“介词which”结构替换。 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。 2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。 Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting? 这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？,3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。 The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed. 媒体经常能够帮助解决问题，把注意力吸引到需要帮助的情况。,考点四 “介词关系词”引导的定语从句 该结构中介词的选用 1.一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词的意义；从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；句子的意思。 Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。,2.表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。在some，any，few，none，all，both，neither，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。 John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members. 约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。,3.有时“介词where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。 His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees. 他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window),考点五 as，which引导的定语从句 1.as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。 As everybody knows，China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 2.which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末，意为“这，这一点”。 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，which made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true. 莫言被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成现实。,3.as常用在下列习惯用语中。 as (it) often happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。 He shouts when he gets angry，as is often the case. 他生气时就大叫，这是常有的情形。 4.“such/so .as .”表“像这样”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。 Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem as none of us worked out. 上学期数学老师出了一道很难的考试题，没有一个人能解出来。,5.“the same.that.”表同一个人或物，而“the same.as.”表同种类的东西。 I would like to use the same tool as you used yesterday. 我想用你昨天使用的那种工具。 I would like to use the same tool that you used yesterday. 我想用你昨天使用的那件工具。,考点六 定语从句中的主谓一致 1.关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade. 给我的那台录音机是国产的。 2.“one of 复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词常用复数，但当one前有the，the only，the very 等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数。 He is one of the students who have made great progress. 他是取得很大进步的学生之一。,.用适当的关系词填空 1.(2015北京，24)Opposite is St.Pauls Church，_ you can hear some lovely music. 2.(2015浙江，19)Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 3.Between the lectures is 20 minutes break，_ the students can get relaxed. 4.Her performances on the stage were perfect，_ made a lot of people admire her. 5.The city was attacked by such terrible weather _ few citizens had ever experienced before.,针 对 训 练,where,in which/where,when,which,as,6.A story I read two years ago，_ name I cant remember clearly，changed my idea about education. 7.I dont know the reason _ you lied to your parents，but youd better explain. 8._ is mentioned above，paper is first made in China. 9.A sailor _ has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor. 10.I often think about the times _ I have felt hurt and insulted by rude remarks from strangers and sometimes from acquaintances.,whose,why,As,who,when,.单句改错 1.When you read the book，youd better make a mark that you have a question. 2.There are three people in my family and Im the only one child，who is very common in Chinese families. 3.Travelling abroad，you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting. 4.Those that have plenty of money will help their friend. 5.This is the longest train which I have ever seen. 6.Remember，you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper，that is very popular among high school students.,7.I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store. 8.Which we all know，swimming is a very good sport. 9.The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong. 10.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows，most of them hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. 答案 1.thatwhere 2.whowhich 3.去掉where或where which/that 4.thatwho 5.whichthat 6.thatwhich 7.that which 8.WhichAs 9.去掉it 10.themwhich,.语篇填空 Do you know the man _1_wrote this book？He was Jason，one of the engineers _2_came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory _3_my father once worked.When he came to China，the first thing _4_ he did was to visit the factory _5_did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason _6_China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute _7_he could spare to help China develop transportation._8_is mentioned above，Jason was a foreigner _9_made great contributions to our country and was a kind man to _10_we should say thanks. 答案 1.who/that 2.who/that 3.where 4.that 5.which/that 6.why 7.that 8.As 9.who/that 10.whom,.语法填空 When you decide youre going to live alone，you get upset. This is _1_(nature). But theres no need to get _2_(worry). Below are some ideas _3_ can help you out. Saving money is _4_ you need to start several months before you move out. You need to save enough money_5_(help) you survive for at least a month in the new place. The _6_(easy) of all ways is to spend less!,Search for a place to live in before_7_(move) out. Make sure that the place you choose is in a good location. Besides，you can afford_8_.If youre going t