大学英语第三册unit08.ppt

unit08,Lesson 1,Lesson 1,Lesson 2,Extended Exercises,Checkpoint,Agenda,UNIT GOALS,1. Describe an innovation 2. Evaluate inventions 3. Discuss the impact of key inventions in history 4. Writing about an invention,Lesson 1,Lesson 1,Lead-in,Listening,Speaking,Reading,Writing,1-Lead-in,Lead-in,Sitcom: Technology Today Is Amazing!,Exercise A,Exercise B,1-Exercise A,Exercise A,Check the words that Bob uses to describe his new TV glasses., ultra high-tech first rate top-of-the-line high-end state-of-the-art revolutionary novel cutting-edge innovation,1-Exercise B,Exercise B,Read each conversation. Then answer the following questions.,Marie: Unbelievable. And Cheryl doesnt mind this? Bob: Yes! 1. Why does Bob say “yes!”? _ Marie: This guy in the caf today was so loud, I couldnt hear myself talking. Bob: Ha-ha-ha 2. Who or what is Bob laughing at? _,Bob says “yes!” because his team is winning.,Bob is laughing at the guy on TV.,1-Listening,Listening,Part 1 A New Product for Preventing Mosquito Bites,Part 2 Inventors Cup,Part 3 Inventions and Life,Part 4 Technology and Inventions,New Words,Phrases and Expressions,Proper Names,1-Part-1,Part 1 A New Product for Preventing Mosquito Bites,Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with what you hear.,LILIAN: Where did you get all these mosquito bites? MARIAN: On our 1_. The bugs were terrible. I tried everything, but I still got eaten alive! Dont you wish someone would invent something for mosquitoes that works? LILIAN: Where have you been? They have. Marian: 2_! LILIAN: Yeah. Its the thing you 3_ your wrist, and mosquitoes quit bugging you. It really works. MARIAN: I dont believe it. If Id known that, I 4_ before I left.,camping trip,No way,put on,would have gotten one,1-Part-2-1,Part 2 Inventors Cup,Listen to the passage and circle the letter that best completes each sentence.,1. Johnny _ last years competition. A. won B. didnt win C. didnt go to 2. Last year it _ at the competition. A. didnt rain B. must not have rained C. rained 3. If he wins the competition, Howard will _ inventing things. A. start B. keep on C. stop 4. Howard thinks he _ the competition. A. will win B. wont win C. could have won,1-Part-2-2,Part 2 Inventors Cup,5. Brenda thinks that her invention is _. A. unique B. high end C. first rate 6. Brendas invention helps people if they _. A. get lost B. want something top of the line C. are inefficient 7. Who is reporter? A. Brenda. B. Colleen. C. Johnny. 8. How many inventors are invited to the show? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.,1-Part-3-1,Part 3 Inventions and Life,Listen carefully to people discussing their problems. Write the number of the conversation next to the invention each person should have had. And write the information that supports your answers.,1-Part-3-2,Part 3 Inventions and Life,CONVERSATION 1 The woman should have had the Pet Exit because the cats woke her up three times last night. CONVERSATION 2 They should have had the Vac Bot because the floor was dusty/dirty, and they had just one hour to clean up. CONVERSATION 3 The woman should have had the All-Body Umbrella because cars had splashed water on her skirt. CONVERSATION 4 The man should have had the Robo-Tiller because he had to get the soil ready for tomatoes, and he had a lot of work to do at home.,1-Part 4 Technology and Inventions,Part 4 Technology and Inventions,Passage 1 Technology Steps into the World of Fashion,Passage 2 The End of a Successful British Venture into Space,Passage 3 Telephone,1-4-Passage-1,Passage 1 Technology Steps into the World of Fashion,Listen to the passage and check whether each statement is true (T) or false (F).,T F 1. Declic was the first shoe Ella designed. 2. Ellas design of Declic was based on a friends idea. 3. The design uses new technology. 4. The shoes are named Declic because of Ellas name. 5. Declic shoes are not designed to be attractive. 6. Ella thinks that most high heels are impractical. ,1-4-Passage-2,Passage 2 The End of a Successful British Venture into Space,Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with what you hear.,In days of old, when Britain still had ambition to being a 1_ power, the government felt that it needed the appropriate way, such as the space program. Hence Skylark, a British rocket first 2_ in 1957. The ambitions are long gone, and so is the space program. These days, Britains official interest in space (which is not much) is organized through the European Space Agency. But though the great dreams of 3_ the Empire to the moon have 4_, Skylark lived on for almost half a century, and 440 launches, until May 2nd, when the 441st launch of a Skylark, from a site in Sweden, brought the curtain down on the 5_. 6_ and partly its practicality. When the British government decided to use American Space Shuttles as a reliable way of carrying British experiments into space, it off-loaded (卸下) the Skylark to the private sector, 7_ for experiments to leave the atmosphere in contrast to the shuttle, which is neither cheap nor reliable. Nowadays, Skylark has become out of date. Its owners, Sounding Rocket Services, have decided to switch to Oriole, an American system.,global,launched,extending,disappeared,project,The programs success was partly due to its modesty,where it continued to offer a cheap and reliable way,1-4-Passage-3,Passage 3 Telephone,Listen to the passage and circle the correct answers.,1. Who patented telephone first? A. Elisha Gray. B. Alexander Graham Bell. C. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell. 2. Who won the legal battle over the invention of telephone? A. Elisha Gray. B. Alexander Graham Bell. C. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell. 3. Which was invented first according to the passage? A. The telegraph. B. The telephone. C. Not mentioned. 4. What is the “harmonic telegraph”? A. A kind of telegraph. B. The telephone. C. Not mentioned. 5. How was the “harmonic telegraph” different from previous telegraph? A. It can send messages faster. B. It can send one message at a time. C. It can send several messages at a time.,1-New Words,New Words,aluminum n. 铝 ambition n. 野心，雄心 bug n. 小虫 electrically adv. 用电地，有关电地 filthy adj. 不洁的 flip v. 轻弹，轻拍 harmonic adj. 谐和的，和声的 impractical adj. 不实用的；不切实际的 low-tech adj. 技术含量低的 mess n. 杂乱，混乱，脏乱 mosquito n. 蚊子 off-load v. 卸下,1-New Words,New Words, oops n. 啊呀（表示惊讶，狼狈 时所发的喊声） patent n. 专利，专利权 pitch n. 音调；音高 practicality n. 实用性 puddle n. 水坑 respective adj. 各自的，分别的 sector n. 部分 shuttle n. 航天飞机 simultaneously adv. 同时地 skylark n. 云雀 splash v. 溅，泼；溅湿 transmit v. 传输，传导 venture n. 冒险,1-Phrases and Expressions,Phrases and Expressions,as a (direct) result of （直接）由于 bring the curtain down on something 落幕（指一段时间结束的标志） out of date 过时的 participate in 参加 switch to 转到，转变成,1-Proper Names,Proper Names,Alexander Graham Bell 亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔（电话机发明者） Brenda Lipton 布伦达利普顿（人名） Colleen Campbell 柯林坎贝尔（人名） Elisha Gray 伊莱莎格雷（人名） Ella Kilgour 埃拉乔高（人名） Howard Simon 霍华德西蒙（人名） Johnny Nichols 乔尼尼科斯（人名） Skylark 云雀火箭 T.S. Eliot TS 艾略特（美国作家） The European Space Agency 欧洲航天局,1-Speaking,Speaking,Discuss a New Product,Conversation Model,Conversation Pair Work,1-Conversation-Model,Conversation Model,Read and listen.,A: I need a new coffee maker. Do you think I should get the Brew Rite? Its on sale at TechnoMart. B: That depends. How much are they selling it for? A: $75. B: Definitely. Thats a great price. If I needed a coffee maker, Id buy one too. Its top of the line. Rhythm and intonation practice,1-Conversation Pair Work,Conversation Pair Work,Bring in advertisements for products from a newspaper, or use these ads. Use the vocabulary in each box to describe the products. Discuss whether or not to buy them.,Start like this: A: I need a new _ . Do you think I should get the _ ? B: _,1-Reading,Reading,Topic Preview,Text A,Text B,Vocabulary Exercise,Vocabulary Activity,1-Topic Preview,Topic Preview,Do you consider the wheel to be the most important mechanical invention in history? What other modern uses of the wheel can you name?,1-Text A,Text A,Text,Comprehension Check,TA-Text,Text A,Read the article. In your opinion, which is the most important invention.,The Most Important Invention Which of the following inventions do you think people would say is the most important: the car, the toothbrush, the microwave, the computer, or the cell phone? If you answered toothbrush, then you agreed with 42% of the people who were asked this same question in a survey done by Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Apparently, people have wanted clean teeth for a long time. From as far back as 3000 B.C., there is evidence of people chewing pieces of wood to clean their mouths. In Roman times, people began to clean their teeth by rubbing them with a piece of cloth. But neither of these methods was particularly effective. So who deserves the credit for the low-tech, but efficient invention of the toothbrush? A Chinese emperor made the first toothbrush in 1498. It consisted of hard animal hair stuck into a piece of bone. But toothbrushes didnt become popular immediately. They werent commonly know until the 1600s. Even then, they were so expensive that all the family members in a house usually shared one! Toothbrushes have come a long way since then. Nowadays, there are many versions for sale from basic, practical ones to state-of-the-art electric ones. Even if you dont think the toothbrush is the most important invention, you probably agree that the world is a better, cleaner place because of it!, apparently, apparently,adv. used to say that you have heard that something is true, although you are not completely sure about it 显然地 Apparently theyre getting divorced. Campaign funds have been used for apparently illegal activities.,for sale,for sale,for sale 待售 I am sorry this paintings not for sale. She has put her house up for sale.,TA-Comprehension Check,Comprehension Check,Check whether each statement is true (T) or false (F).,T F 1. Everyone agrees that the toothbrush is more important than other inventions. 2. People didnt try to clean their teeth before toothbrushes were invented. 3. Toothbrushes were made in Roman times, but they became popular in the 1600s. 4. After toothbrushes became popular, it was common for people to share them.,Text B,Text B,Warm-up,Text,Comprehension Check,Critical Thinking,TB-Warm-up,Warm-up,1. How did people communicate ideas to people too far away before the invention of the printing press? 2. Write down all the possibilities and discuss them with your partner.,TB-Text-1,Text B,Long before the telephone, the television, the radio, and the computer, the written word was the only way to communicate ideas to people too far away to talk with. Until the 6th or 7th century, all books had to be written by hand. Creating a book was difficult, and in comparison with today, very few books existed. Therefore, very few people read books. In the 6th and 7th centuries, the Chinese invented a way to print pages by carving characters and pictures on wooden, ivory, or clay blocks. They would put ink on the blocks and then press paper onto the ink, printing a page from the block. This process is called letterpress printing. The invention of letterpress printing was a great advance in communication because each block could be inked many times and many copies of each page could be made. Many books could now be made. Therefore, many people could read the same book.,If you asked a large number of people what the most important invention has been, many would say the printing press. Others might say the wheel. But even though its debatable whether the appearance of the printing press affected the course of history more than the wheel, the printing press ranks within the top two or three inventions in history.,Until the 6th or 7th century, all books had to be written by hand.,ladle for pouring hot metal,TB-Text-2,Text B,Later, in the 11th century, another great advance occurred. The Chinese invented “movable” type. Each character was made as a separate block which could be used many times in many texts. This meant that pages could be created by putting together individual characters rather than having to have whole pages carved. Movable type was much more efficient than the earlier Chinese print blocks because books could be created much more quickly by people with less skill.,In Europe, movable type was used for the first time in the 15th century. And there, Johannes Gutenberg invented typecasting, a way to make movable type much more quickly, by melting metal and pouring it into the forms of the letters. This greatly increased the speed of printing, and eventually made books available to many more people., debatable, debatable,adj. not certain; open to question; arguable 可争辩的；成问题的 I agreed with their first choice but the second choice was slightly more debatable. The value of some of the experiments is debatable., movable, movable,adj. able to be moved and not fixed in one place or position 活动的，变动的 We have movable screens dividing our office into working areas. What was being built was the largest movable structure that had ever been created.,in comparison with,in comparison with,in comparison with 比较起来 A bear is a friendly beast in comparison with a tiger. I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year., letterpress printing, letterpress printing,letterpress printing 凸版印刷；活版印刷 Letterpress printing is a great invention in the whole world. Letterpress printing is originally used in China.,be available to,be available to,be available to（指物）可用的；可以买到的 Tickets are available at the box office. An increase in the number of jobs is available to women.,TB-Comprehension Check,Comprehension Check,Fill in the blanks and match the events. Complete it with the information you read.,Events that led to the printing press Description of the events 1. Hand-written books _ a. melting metal and pouring (until _ or _ century) it into the forms of letters 2. Letterpress printing _ b. writing books by hand ( _ and _ centuries) 3. Movable type _ c. carving text on larger blocks, ( _ century) putting ink on them , and then pressing paper onto the ink 4. Typecasting _ d. carving each letter on its ( _ century) own small block,1,6th,7th,2,6th,7th,3,11th,4,15th,TB-Critical Thinking,Critical Thinking,Based on the information in the reading, check the statements that are probably true. Think and explain.,1. Before the 6th and 7th centuries, only a very small amount of people had read books. 2. The letterpress printing had to be done by skillful workers. 3. The Chinese play quite an important role in the creation of the printing press.,True. Until the sixth or seventh century, all books had to be written by hand. Creating a book was difficult, and in comparison with today, very few books existed. Therefore, very few people read books.,True. Compared with “movable” type, the letterpress printing had to be done by skillful workers.,True. First in the sixth and seventh centuries, the Chinese invented a way to print pages by carving characters and pictures on wooden, ivory, or clay blocks. Later in the eleventh century, the Chinese invented “movable” type. Consequently, the Chinese played quite an important role in the creation of the printing press.,1-Vocabulary Exercises,Vocabulary Exercise,Practice using each of the following words and phrases learned in the text in a sentence given below. Change the word form where necessary. Note that each one can be used only once.,1. It was warmer now, and the snow was beginning to _. 2. Trading is always _ by consumer spending. 3. Whether he is qualified for the job or not is _. _ other recent video games, this one is not as exciting. 5. People use more than words when they _ with each other.,in comparison with available to efficient rank communicate carve affect pour debatable melt,melt,affected,debatable,In comparison with,communicate,1-Vocabulary Exercises,Vocabulary Exercise,6. Someone had _ their initials on the tree. 7. Not enough data is _ scientists. 8. _ the oil into a frying pan and heat. 9. Sailors are amazingly _ souvenir hunters. 10. Todays match _ as one of the most exciting games that these two teams have ever played.,in comparison with available to efficient rank communicate carve affect pour debatable melt,carved,available to,Pour,efficient,ranks,1-Vocabulary Activity,Vocabulary Activity,Match the words with similar meanings. Write the letters in the blanks. You may use a dictionary.,_ 1. top-of-the-line a. simple _ 2. innovative b. in demand _ 3. unique c. easy-to-carry _ 4. wacky d. wild _ 5. cutting-edge e. state-of-the-art _ 6. efficient f. unusual _ 7. portable g. first-rate _ 8. popular h. novel _ 9. reliable i. well-organized _ 10. low-tech j. dependable,A B,g,h,f,d,e,i,c,b,j,a,1-Writing,Writing,The Greatest Invention,Step 1 Pair Work,Step 2 Group Work,Step 3 Writing,1-Step1 Pair Work,Step 1 Pair Work,On your notepads, write down your own ideas about how life changed as a result of each of these inventions. Then rank the four inventions in the order of importance.,2000 B.C.: T