牛津9AUnit3知识点归纳、难点解析、语法复习.doc

9A Unit 3 Teenage problems 【短语归纳】 1.get fat变胖 2.eat too much吃太多/ worry too much过于担心 3.try more exercise 多加锻炼4.from time to time 时而不时/ sometimes/at times5.get enough sleep得到足够的睡眠 sleep well睡得好6.feel tired in class在课堂上感到累7.be on开着、进行着8.drive me mad使我发疯 make me mad9.have close friends有亲密的朋友/ have no close friends没有亲密的朋友10.feel lonely感到孤独11.make a lot of noise发出许多噪音12.all day整天13.get too many tests and exams 有太多的考试 考试 （越来越正式） quiz - test - exam14.have enough sleep 有足够的睡眠15.be too noisy at home家里太吵16.have a problem(with) = have got a problem(with)有(.)问题17.no communication with family members 不和家人交流18.a Grade 9 student一个9级级学生 how .deal with. 怎样处理 19. what . do with. 怎样处理20. have no choice but to do sth 除了做某事别无其他选择21. stay up late 熬夜 stay out late 呆在外面很晚22. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事23. hand in上交; hand out分发 ( 代词放中间 hand it in)24. on time按时、准时; in time及时25. have spare time 有业余时间26. offer sb sth/offer sth to sb向某人提供某物27. 收到某人的来信 hear from sb. （瞬间动词） = get / receive a letter from sb. （瞬间动词） = have a letter from sb. （延续性动词）28. be crazy about对很着迷29. plenty of 大量，充足 a lot of30. get into trouble 陷入麻烦/陷入困境 31. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth允许做某事32. love of football对足球的喜爱33. be strict with sb对某人严格be strict with sb. in sth.在某事上对某人要求严格 34. feel stressed感到有压力的35. sb+spend +时间或金钱on +sth某人在某事上花费（时间或金钱）36. spend less time on . 在上花较少的时间37. achieve a balance betweenand 在.和.之间获得平衡38. succeed in doing sth成功地做某事= be successful in doing sth.= do sth. successfully39. feel bad about感觉不好40. make a list of列一个的清单41. work out解出.(代词放中间)42. get/receive low/high marks得到低/高分43. at the moment = at present = now目前44. wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事45. wish to do sth = hope to do sth.希望做某事46. work out算出、解出47. forget about sth忘记有关的事48. take a bus乘公交车49. get angry生气、发怒50. feel stressed s感到有压力51. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事52. be good for sb. 对某人有益53. be useful to sb对某人有用54. give sb. advice 给某人提建议55. a piece of advice = a suggestion一则建议 two pieces of advice = two suggestions两则建议56. an hour or two = one or two hours两个小时57. join in some activities 参加一些活动58. revise for tests复习迎考59. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物60. have a lot of homework to do有很多家庭作业做61. tell sb about sth告诉某人有关的事62. need to do sth需要做某事63. have a test 考试64. solve the problems 解决问题 65. turn down the TV/把电视声音开小些 turn up开大些 turn on 开 turn off 关66. write to sb给某人写信67. youth workers青少年辅导员68. help sb. out 帮助某人脱离困境69. the top student尖子生70. suffer from sth遭受之苦71. pay no attention to不注意/在意. 72. take turns to do 轮流做.73. reply to (my e-mails) 回复(我的电子邮件) 74. my last three e-mails 我最近的三封邮件 75. not. any more = no more 不再 not any longer = no longer 76. Thank sb for doing sth感谢某人做某事77. laugh at sb/sth 嘲笑某人/某物78. ask sb for advice向某人征询意见ask sb for help向某人求助79. shout at sb对某人大喊80. choose to do sth选择做某事81. blame your parents责备你的父母82. be worried about sth/sb为某事/某人而担忧83. keep quiet保持安静84. keep ones worries to oneself把烦恼闷在心里85. take a holiday 休假86. the cause of stress产生压力的原因87. solve the problem解决问题88. feel bad about your weight对体重感到糟糕89. keep fit = keep healthy保持健康90. Why not go walking ? 为什么不去散步呢？ Why not go for a walk? Why not take / have a walk?100. have a delicious meal美餐一顿101. be proud of = take pride in为.感到骄傲102. plan your day carefully 精心计划你的每一天【句型归纳及难点解析】1. 青少年问题 teenage problems 青少年的（1319 岁的） 青少年 teen = teenager (1319 岁的青少年) 2.有 have got (英式) = have (美式)3. 变胖/变得越来越胖 get fat / get fatter and fatter这些天我越来越胖 I am getting fatter and fatter these days4. 擅长于. be good at = do well in 在.方面弱 be weak in 对.有好处 be good for 对有用 be useful to 我擅长英语但我体育较差。 我知道体育运动对我们的身体有好处。 所以我认为把学会体育运动对我们非常有用。 I do very well in English but I am weak in sport. I know sport is very good for our bodies. So I think learning sport well is useful to us .5. I dont have any close friends to talk to. 我没有一个可以谈心的亲密朋友 “to do sth ” 作后置修饰语6. I have no choice but to do my homework. 除了做作业我别无选择。have no choice but to 别无选择，只能7. for example和such as 都具有“例如”的意思。such as指要将举例的事物一一罗列出来，比如：Three students are my friend, such as: Li Ming，lily and Mary. 但 for example是选举几个典型实例来说明，并不一一罗列(通常都是举一个例子)。 比如：For example, London is the capital of Britain.8.I often doubt whether it is worth working so hard我经常怀疑是否值得这么用功地学习 一般来说I doubt后不跟that 引导的宾语从句，I dont doubt 后接that 引导的宾语从句be worth sth / doing sth 值得 This talk is worth listening to. 这个报告值得一听。The Summer Palace is worth a visit 颐和园值得一游。9. I am looking forward to a holiday without homework我一直都在盼望一个没有作业的假期体会 be +v-ing 的特例用法look forward to sth / doing sth 期待/盼望I am looking forward to hearing from you 我一直都期待着收到你的来信 10.This will give you an idea of how much free time you have.这将会使你对你有多少空闲时间有所了解 使某人对.有所了解 give sb. an idea of.11. Can you offer me some suggestions? 你能给我提一些建议吗 ？= Can you offer some suggestions to me? 我希望你认为我的建议值得采纳 I hope you think that my advice is worth taking. 采取/采纳/接受Can you please advise me how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies?你能给我提一些如何在我的学习与爱好之间取得平衡offer = give suggestion 是可数名词 advice 是不可数名词offer 用作动词，意为“提供；”“为提供机会，给予”常用短语“offer sb. sth或offer sth. to sb.”意思是“为某人提供某物”。如：I offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒。Will you offer the guests some coffee? 请你给客人拿一些咖啡好吗？Ive been offered a job in Japan.日本有份工作要聘请我去做。He offered 3,000 for the house.他提出了3000英镑买这间房子。We offered him the house for $ 20,000.我们要他出20，0000美元买这间房子。offer to do sth.的意思是“主动提出做某事。”如：She offered to carry the box for her mother. 她主动提出要帮她母亲拿箱子。We offered to leave. 我们表示要走了。He offered to lend me his bike.他表示要把自行车借给我。suggestion 和suggest的用法。 “Suggestion”是名词，它的意思是“建议，提议”“暗示，联想”如： I have a suggestion to make .我有个建议要提。I want suggestions about what to do today.今天做些什么，我想听听有何意见。Suggestion 与advice都可作“建议”解释，但suggestion为可数名词，指对某件事或某个问题，尤其是为改进工作或解决问题而提出的“意见或建议”，常用make a suggestion. advice一般指有经验或有业务专长的人对某一行动提出带有指点或指教性的“意见、建议或劝告”。如：医生对病人的医嘱、老师对学生的指教等，它是不可数名词，只能用a piece of , some 等修饰，advice作“劝告”“意见”解释，常用take advice, give advice, follow advice, ask sb. for advice等词组。Can you give me a piece of advice?=Can you give me a suggestion?你能给我一条建议吗？On his advice, I am staying in bed. 根据他的建议，我呆在床上了。You should take his advice.你应该采取他的建议。At last they went to their fathers old friend and asked his advice.最后他们去找他们父亲的老朋友，听取他的意见。suggest 用作动词，意为“提议、建议、提出、暗示、间接表明”。如：suggest 后只可以接动名词作直接宾语，不可以带动词不定式。如：I suggest going out for a walk after supper.我建议晚饭后到外面去散步。She suggested having a class meeting.她提议开个班会。suggest后面接that 引导的宾语从句。如果是“建议”的意思，则that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分用should+动词原形，should可以省略。如：I suggest that we (should)go to the Palace Museum on Sunday.我建议星期天去故宫博物馆。动词advise 表示“建议、劝告”的意思时，它的后面可以跟名词、动名词、不定式复合结构、that从句（从句中用should+动词原形）如：We advised an early start.我们建议早点出发。He advised waiting until proper time.他劝告我们等到适当的机会再行动。He often advises people to use their brains.他经常劝人们多动脑筋。I advised that he (should )buy the book.我建议他买这本书。12. I do not have much time to revise for tests.我没有许多复习迎考的时间。revise作动词用，它的意思是“复习（功课）”，英式英语，与美式英语review同义，相当于词组go over.如： Shes revising his notes for the test.她正在复习笔记，准备测验。 He was revising his lessons when I went to see him.我去看望他的时候，他在复习功课。revise 的名词形式为revision,意为“复习”“修订”。如：He handed in his exercise book after two revisions.他检查两遍后把作业本交了。We are doing some revision for the exam.我们在为考试而复习13. I usually get a lot of homework (from my teachers). 通常老师布置很多作业。get 作及物动词，意为“得到”如：I got a letter from my friend yesterday.昨天我收到一封朋友的来信。He got a good mark in the English exam.他在英语测验中得了高分。Did you get my email? 你收到我的电子邮件吗？get+间接宾语+直接宾语，意为“弄来，搞来，取来”。如：Can you get me a cup of tea? 你能给我拿杯茶来吗？Ill get you something to eat.我给你弄点吃的吧。get+宾语+宾补I must get my hair cut.我得剪头发了。get+名词或代词+形容词My mother gets supper ready when I get home.当我到家，我妈把晚餐准备好了。You must get your shoes clean.你必须把鞋擦干净。get作连系动词，后面加形容词等作表语。如：The weather is getting cold.天气冷了起来。My parents got very angry because I got home late.因为我晚回家，父母很生气。get构成一系列短语，有不同的含义，有时可以用另一动词代替。get on 上车 get off 下车；（飞机的）起飞get on/along with进行某事；与相处get down下来；取下来；弯下腰；写下来；记下来。get back回来（=come back=return）get a cold 伤风，感冒（=catch a cold）get a letter from sb.收到某人来信（=receive a letter from sb.=hear from sb.）14. My penfriend in the USA hasnt replied to my last three letters.我在美国的笔友近来没有回我最后三封信。 reply可以作名词，意思是“回答，答复”，与answer同义。如：She made no reply.她没有回答。用作及物动词，后面接从句或直接引语。如：She didnt know what to reply.她不知道该怎么回答。He replied that he was busy.他回答说很忙。“No”he replied.“I only came last month”.“不”，他回答道，“我是上月才来的。”作不及物动词用，意为“回答”“答复”。如：I asked him. But he didnt reply.我问他，但他没有回答。None of my letters have been replied to.我所有的信都没有回音。reply to sb./sth 是“回答，答复”的意思。如：Be sure to reply to me as soon as possible.务必尽快答复我。Please reply to my question.请回答我的问题。reply 与answer区别answer 用法比较广泛，可指口说或笔写的答复，它是及物动词，可以带宾语。reply指较正式的，经过考虑后的答复，它是不及物动词，不可以直接跟宾语。只有加上介词“to“后，才可以跟宾语。如：I called, but no one answered it.我给他打了电话，但没有人接。Can you answer this question? 你能回答这个问题吗？I sent in my application, and the university replied immediately.我把申请书送去，那所大学立即答复了。15. I need some time to play and relax, dont I? 我需要一些时间玩、放松，对吗？need 用作及物动词，意为“需要”，后接名词，不定式。如：Do you think you will need help?你想你需要帮忙吗？Ill call you if anything is needed.要是需要什么，我就叫你。Does she need to know it?她需要知道这件事吗？You dont need to leave so early.你们不需要走得这么早。need用作动词，后可接动名词，此时的主语往往是物，而不是人。如：Whose chair needs fixing?谁的椅子需要修理？My hair needs washing badly.我的头发非常需要洗一洗。need可用作情态动词，没有人称、数和时态的变化，一般只用于否定句或疑问句中。如：So you neednt hurry with the meeting.所以你们不必急于开这个会。Need you go so soon?你需要这么早走吗？Need we start at once?我们必须立刻动身吗？14.They will be of great value to me 他们对我会很有价值= They will be very valuable to me They will be of great importance to us = They will be very important to us.16. Pay no attention to those students (who laugh at you) and be proud of your schoolwork. 别介意那些嘲笑你的那些学生且以你的功课为荣【语法复习】1.特殊疑问词引导动词不定式。（注意疑问代词和疑问副词的使用区分）2.学习判断句子的类型：陈述句（肯定句、否定句）；疑问句；祈使句感叹句。3.掌握 动词+宾语+ 形容词/或名词/名词短语（作宾补）的用法4.学习五种基本句型。S+V S+V+DO S+V+P S+V+IO+DO S+V+DO+OC第一、句型 （英语里有四种常用句型，分别是陈述句（肯定/否定），疑问句，祈使句，感叹句；其中疑问句又包括一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句）1. 陈述句（以下都是陈述句，朗读加以感受！） Simon is (not) playing football. Jack comes / doesnt come from Nanjing.2. 一般疑问句（可以用yes/no 来进行简单回答的疑问句就是一般疑问句） Does Simon like eating western food ? Yes / No3. 特殊疑问句（一般以 who , which , what , when , where , why , how , whose 开头的疑问句是特殊疑问句，需作详细回答）4. 选择疑问句 （通常给两到三个选项给你选的句子叫选择疑问句，通常会用到or 这个单词） -What does Simon like eating, western food or Chinese food? - Western food5. 反意疑问句 （后缀通常翻译成“不是吗？”） Simon likes to play football, doesnt he? 6. 祈使句 （提出建议，命令等的句子，通常以动词的原形开头） Stop talking! Dont smoke!7. 感叹句 (表达强烈的感情，通常以 what / how 开头) What a cool girl ! / How cool the girl is !第二、“to do sth”在句子中可以做什么成分 （参考P15 ，句子的各个成分的定义）1.“to do sth” 做主语 It is very important to hand in homework on time It = to hand in homework on time (真正的主语放后面，避免头重脚轻，it 只是一个形式而已)2.“to do sth” 做表语 （通常放在联系动词 be 的后面，表达按计划，安排等要发生的事情） My dream is to become a singer3. “to do sth” 做宾语补足语 （ 通常放在宾语后面，进行补充说明，核心动词后面的那个“东西”就是宾语） Mr. Wu asks his students to study hard! (叫学生干嘛，哦，认真学习！)4. “to do sth” 做定语 （也就是“后置的修饰语”）Have you got anything important to tell me ？5. “to do sth” 做状语 （目的状语/结果状语）He ran fast to catch the first bus (他跑的这么快干什么，哦，目的是为了赶上早班车)Linda came back home to find her house on fire (Linda 跑回家结果却发现家里的房子都着火了)第三、 “wh- words”+ to do sth 复合不定式作宾语的用法 （“wh- words” 包括 who , what , which , when , where , how ,不包含why ） Paul knows who he should talk to for help (注意语序) 同义句Paul knows who to talk to for help.Simon doesnt know what he should do (注意语序) 同义句 Simon doesnt know what to doYou should decide which you should do first 同义句You should decide which to do firstSimon just forgot when he should meet his friends 同义句 Simon just forgot when to meet his friendsSimon wants to know where he can ask for advice 同义句Simon wants to know where to ask for adviceMillie doesnt know how she can solve her problem 同义句Millie doesnt know how to solve her problem第四、五种基本句型。S+V S+V+DO S