高必修一U4语法讲解：定语从句(关系代词).ppt

定语从句,The Attributive Clause,一、什么是定语？ 定语就是在句子中用来修饰名词的那个部分。 It was a snowy evening. The boy in blue is my good friend. They raised money to help children eager to study. The man standing over there wants to see you. The English spoken at that time was based more on German. The question to be discussed tomorrow is about tax cut. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 归纳：单个adj： 短语、从句：,adj当定语,介宾短语当定语,adj短语当定语,-ing短语当定语,P.P短语当定语,-to do短语当定语,从句当定语,前置,后置,二、定语从句 当定语是由一个句子充当时，这个句子称为定语从句；其修饰或限定的名词或代词称为先行词。 定语从句的结构不完整，其缺少的成分由其引导词-关系代词或关系副词充当；同时，关系词还用于指代先行词。 This is the car which he bought last year.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词,三、关系词的确定（高考考点） 还原代入法：把先行词（即定语从句所修饰的名词或代词）还原代入到定语从句中，确定先行词在从句中的成分，从而确定关系词。 The woman _ burst out of the room just now was angry with you. The magazine _ I bought yesterday is lost. The United States is a country _ has a long history. This is the house _ I once lived in.,who / that,which / that,which / that,which / that,5. The man _ is talking with my father is a policeman. 6. He is the doctor _ your mother spoke to. 7. Shanghai is no longer the city _ it used to be. 8. I still remember the look _ it once was. 9. He lives in a room _ window faces south. 10. This is the scientist _ name is known all over the world.,the window of which,who / that,whom/ that,that/which,that/which,whose,whose,the name of whom,结论1： 先行词还原代入后在从句中充当主语： 指人： 指物： 充当宾语: 指人 指物 充当定语： 充当表语：指人 / 物 注：当先行词在从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可省略,who / that,which / that,whose 或 of which / of whom,who(m) / that,which / that,that,观察： This is the house _ I once lived in. This is the house in which I once lived. He is the doctor _ your mother spoke to. He is the doctor to whom your mother spoke. 归纳：如果先行词还原代入后是充当介词的宾语，这时介词可以提前至关系代词之前，变成介词+关系代词，这时关系代词只有两种情况：指人：whom; 指物：which。 结论2：介词+ whom / which,which / that,whom / that,He is the man _ whom you can believe.,1. 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,in,2. 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He gave me some books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,3. 根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,This is the book which youre looking for. 思考：本句中，for能提前至which前吗？ 注意：如果从句中出现结合紧密的动词短语，则不能把该短语拆开。 类似短语：take care of, look after, listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to等,观察： He did everything _ he could do for me. Thats the only thing _ we can do now. This is the best film _ Ive seen for years. They talked about the people and things _ they saw during their journey. Who is the boy _ shook hands with you just now?,that,that,that,that,that,结论3： 先行词有以下限定时，关系词只用that： 1. 先行词为不定代词 something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, all 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时 3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时 This is the very book that Im looking for. 这正是我在寻找的那本书。 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时 5. 当主句是who 或 which开头的疑问句时,观察： 1. Football, _ is a very interesting game, is popular all over the world. 2. This is the house in _ he once lived. 结论4： 只能用which，不能用that的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句时。 介词提前时。,which,which,观察： The students you should learn from is the one _ works hard and studies well. Anyone _ breaks the law will be punished. Those _ want to go to the movies must wait at the school gate. 结论5：只能用who的情况 1、先行词是指人的不定代词，如one, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, none等 2、先行词是those，指人时,who,who,who,观察： On TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. I dont like the way that / in which he speaks to his parents. 结论6： 先行词是way(意为“方式”)时，可用that / in which引导定语从句，或省略关系词。,观察： These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected. I like the same book _ you do. Ive never seen such a clever boy _ he is. I shall do it in the same way _ you did. 结论7： 当先行词被“such”、“the same”修饰时，定语从句用as 引导，构成“suchas” “the sameas”结构。,as,as,as,as,I. 根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。 This is the best film _ _ (我看过的).,(that) I have ever,seen,2. He has a daughter _ _ (在医院工作的). 3. The tree _ _(叶子变红了 的) is an old one.,who / that works,whose leaves turn red / the,in a hospital,leaves of which turn red,II. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Is there anything _ I can do for you? which B. who C. whom D. that,D,2. I have seen some strange trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves 3. All _ we need is enough rest after long hours work. the thing B. that C. what D. which,B,B,4. On the train I saw a girl _ I thought was your sister. who B. whom C. which D. what 5. Have you seen the film “Titanic” _ leading actor is world-famous? its B. that C. whose D. which,A,C,1. The man _I saw told me to wait. 2. Who is the man _ spoke at the meeting? 3. I know a boy _ oral English is excellent. 4. Japan is the only country _ he has ever visited. 5. The mp4 _ he is using now is made in Japan. 6 She is wearing the same hat _ I wore yesterday.,用适当的关系代词填空.,who/whom/that,that,whose,that,which,as,7. Is there anything _ you dont understand? 8. This is one of the most expensive meals _ I have had. 9. Finally the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. 10. The table _ legs were broken has been repaired.,that,that,that,whose,that,which,11. The days _ we spent together are not easily forgotten. 12. The dictionary _ my father bought yesterday is very useful.,1. This is the rock _ the boy fell down into the sea. 2. The film star _ we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow. 3. The West Lake _ Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful. 4. The subject _ Xiao Wang is good is physics.,from which,about whom,for which,at which,