高一英语必修一unit4定语从句.ppt

The Attributive Clause 定语从句 (一),简单句基本类型,主谓宾,我们每天学习英语. 我喜欢他。 他们正在吃饭。 小明讨厌猪。,主谓,我们每天都认真学习。 他们在工厂工作。 她住在中国。,主系表,他是个学生。 我感觉不舒服。 它闻起来很香。,主谓双宾,他给我一本书。 妈妈送了他一支笔。,give sb sth send sb sth,系动词（be动词，感官动词）常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, become, stay, seem等,Things change. Nobody went. We never beat children. My sister will fix everything. Mr. Turner is an artist. She became a lawyer. He gave his sister a book. Ill write you a long letter. I found the book easy. Ill let him go.,主谓,主谓,主谓宾,主谓宾,主系表,主谓双宾,主系表,主谓双宾,主谓宾宾补,Attribute (定语),1. He is an honest boy. 2. We love our country. 4. She is a beautiful girl.,修饰；限定,honest,our,找出下列句中的定语。,beautiful,The positions of the attribute: （定语的位置）,1. She is a beautiful girl. 2. She is a girl with long hair. 3. She is a girl who is beautiful.,通常情况下，单个词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句（句意：“的”） 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词 ”。 引导定语从句的词叫“ 关系词 ”。,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,定语从句,先行词,关系代词,关系词,关系副词:wherewhenwhy,定语从句,关系代词： who、 whom、 whose、 which、 that,定语从句的位置,定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。,e.g. This is the car which he bought last year.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词,(antecedent),(relative pronoun),(the attributive clause),Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? The boy (whom) she loved died in the war. I like those books whose topics are about history. The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.,Quiz,A machine that can fly is a _. An animal which catches mice is a _. An object that we need to buy things with is the _. A software which we use to chat with friends online is the _. A mouse that has a large pocket is a _.,plane,kangaroo,QQ,money,cat,1. 引导定语从句。 2. 代替先行词。 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。,关系词的三个作用:,确定关系代词的步骤 1.先找先行词， 2.看先行词指的是人还是物。 3.看关系词在从句中充当的成分。,关系代词的用法,人；物,物,人,人,(人/物)的,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,宾语,定语,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,可省,不可省,1. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾 语，做宾语时常可省略。 1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 2) He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 3) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4) The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.,2. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指 物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作 主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 2) The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind. 3) The season that/which comes after spring is summer. 4) Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.,3. who指人，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略） The boys who are playing football are from Class One. A person who steals things is called a thief. 4. whom指人，作宾语 (作宾语可省略，如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.,5. whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名 词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指 物，指物时可与of which互换使用。 1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 2) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 3) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? = Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?,Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。,(1) 限制性定语从句中先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.,(2) There be句型中用that。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the first time (that) I am in Beijing.,(4) 先行词是who或which引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?,(5) 当先行词既有人又有物。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. (6) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the last, just, right等修饰。 Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 紧跟介词作宾语 There are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. (3) 作定语 He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him.,一般用which而不用that的情况。,当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。 e.g. Who is the girl that is standing over there? 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。 e.g. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys.,修饰人时关系代词that和who, whom的区分。,Beijing is the city _ has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.,which / that,用合适的关系代词填空。,Ye Xin is a nurse _ died in the fight against SARS.,who / that,Halloween is a day _ is also called the eve of All Saints Day.,which,Titanic is the ship _ sank after hitting an iceberg.,which / that,Rose and Jack are the lovers _ met on the ship.,who,Review,本课时涉及的要点是以that, which, who和whose引导的定语从句的用法。 通过本课时的学习我们需要了解什么是定语从句并学会选择正确的关系代词。,Individual activity,Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. (2006北京) A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /,Quiz I: Multiple choice,2. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. (2006福建) A. whose B. which C. of which D. that 3. The thought of going back home was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad. (2007上海春) A. that B. all that C. all what D. which,4. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (2009湖南) A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 5. She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. (2009全国I) A. them B. who C. whom D. these,6. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. (2009天津) A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 7. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. (2010全国II). A. who B. that C. as D. what,8. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (2010北京) A. what B. whose C. which D. that 9. Ive become good friend with several of the student in my school _ I meet in the English speech contest last year. (2010湖南) A. who B. where C. when D. which,10. The newly built caf, the walls of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. (2010江苏) A. that B. it C. what D. which 11. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. (2010山东) A. that B. which C. whose D. what,12. The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. (2010陕西) A. where B. which C. its D. whose 13. In China, the number of cities increasing _ development is recognized across the world. (2010重庆) A. where B. which C. whose D. that,14. The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. (2011全国I) A. that B. which C. whose D. what 15. Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family. (2011上海) A. which B. where C. when D. as,1 The woman is a teacher. 2 The woman lives next door.,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,1 The nurse is kind. 2 The nurse looks after my sister.,The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.,Quiz II: 合并下列句子。,1 Kevin is reading a book. 2 The book is too difficult for him.,Kevin is reading a book which/that is too difficult for him.,1 I have a friend. 2 He likes listening to classical music.,I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music.,1 Many people were afraid to swim in the sea. 2 They saw the film Jaws.,Many people who/that saw the film Jaws were afraid to swim in the sea.,1 It is about a big white shark. 2 It attacks swimmers.,It is about a big white shark which/that attacks swimmers.,1 I know the doctor. 2 His daughter studies abroad.,I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.,1 Have you seen my book? 2 The books cover is red.,Have you seen my book whose cover is red?,1. 昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。 2. 他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。 3. 刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。,The film that I saw yesterday is very moving.,He lost the watch that/which his father gave him.,The man who talked with you just now is our principal.,Quiz III: Translation,(1) 中译英,4. 我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。 5. 我们最需要的东西是时间。 6. 我最喜欢的学科是英语。,The book which/that I picked up is the one that Xiao Wang lost.,The thing that we need badly is time.,The subject that/which I like best is English.,7. 站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。 8. 你知道那个马尾辫 (ponytail) 长长的女 孩吗？ 9. 我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们做 的讲座。,The man who is standing at the school gate is our teacher.,Do you know the girl whose ponytail is long?,I will never forget the lecture that the professor gave us last week.,10. 我丢了那本红封面的书。 I lost the book _. 11. 你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的 名字吗？ Can you tell me the name of the factory _? 12. 他就是我正在找的人。 He is the man _ _.,whose cover is red,(which/that) you visited last week,(who/whom/that),I am looking for,13. 我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。 The letter _ _ was from my aunt. 14. 在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。 During the years _, they worked very hard. 15. 那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。 The boy _ _ is our monitor.,(which/that) I received,that followed,whose name is Peter /,who is named Peter,yesterday,1.The nurse is kind. 2.The nurse looks after my sister.,The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.,照顾我妹妹的那个护士很友善。,合并下列句子,照顾我妹妹的,1.The girl is from America.,2. I called her just now.,The girl (whom/that/who) I called just now is from America.,我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。,我刚才叫的,他正在看一本名叫飘的书。,名叫飘的,Theyre talking about the film (which/that) Ive seen.,他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。,我看过的,例 1. The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.,that/who,指人: that/who (主语),例2: The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.,(who/whom/that),指人: who/whom/that(宾语,可省略),例3: The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.,that/which,指物: that/which (主语),例4: The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.,(that/which),指物: that/which (宾语,可省略),例5 The book _cover is red is mine. A. which B. whose C. of which D. that,B,关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“的” whose+n.=the n.of which/whom,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不 定代词时。,2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, few, little, much等修饰时。,NOTE,一、 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything _ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what,Choose the best answers:,3. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。,5. 当先行词是who, which, 或主句是以这些词开头时。,Who is the girl that drove the car?,2. Please take the second chair_ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that,3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it,1.Which is the book you bought last week? A. where B. that C. who D. which,注： 先行词有两个，既有人也有物时，也只能用that。 We were talking about the people and things that we saw in our school.,用which ，不用that,1.在非限制定语从句中。 2.在介词之后（物用which，人用whom). 3.有两个定语从句，其中一个从句关系代词已用了that，另一个宜用which. This is the paper that I read every day and which I find so interesting. 4.当先行词本身是that. The predicate is that which is said of the subject.,當先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時,關係代詞用who. He who knows others is learned, and he who knows himself is wise. 知人者智，自知者明。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。,1.He did all / everything _he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,that , which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,1) The man _ I saw told me to wait.,1. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.,whom/who/that,2) Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.,that,Exercises,3) Tom is the first boy _ left the room.,that,that,4) He saw a house _ windows were all broken.,whose,5) You can read any book _ I have.,This is the longest train which I have ever seen.,that,2) The radio which I bought it last week has gone wrong.,去掉 it,3) It was a meeting that importance I didnt realize at that time,whose,Correct the sentences:,4) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , the price of whose was very reasonable.,which,5. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.,that,All _ we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. A. what B. that C. which D. whom 2.The man_talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. which D. what,Exercises:,3. Can you tell me the name of the factory_ you visited last week? A. what B. in where C. / D. when 4. I dont like the way_ you speak to her. A. that B. in that C. who D. whose,5. The