英语句子种类与类型.ppt

English Grammar Sentences,英语句子种类与类型,I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句 II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句,提 纲,I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、 感叹句、THERE-BE存在句,1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。 She arrived early. She cannot have arrived now.,I、句子种类,2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。,I、句子种类,1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。 Have you anything to say? Did someone phone me last night? -Havent you been to the UK? -No, I havent.,2）特殊疑问句 疑问词有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。,I、句子种类,（1）陈述语序 Who was the first man in space? （2）倒装语序 Who are you talking about?,I、句子种类,3）选择疑问句 (1)以一般疑问句为基础 Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you like, red wine or white? How shall we go there? By bus or by train?,I、句子种类,4）反义疑问句 问：+，-？或-，+？ 答：+，+. 或-，-.,1.Tom hardly knows French, _ _? 2.Mary didnt fail her exam, did she? -_, she didnt. 3.You neednt come, _ you? You need to come, _ you? 4.He had a big time there, _ he? He had a car, _ he? We hardly have to get up early, _ we? 5.He used to live in Leeds, _ he?,does he,No,must,dont,didnt,didnt,do,didnt,3、祈使句 表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。,I、句子种类,1）带第二人称的祈使句 Be quiet, please. Dont make any noise! You call a taxi. Dont you forget it.(强调) Give me a hand, will/wont/would/wouldn you? 2）带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again. Lets go. Let us go. Lets not say anything about it./Dont lets say Let him be here by 10 oclock.,I、句子种类,3、祈使句,注意： 1、加强语气 Do be careful of my broken leg. Do let me have another try. 2 、祈使句的省略式 A:Shall I open the window? B:Yes, please do./ No, please dont. A:Shall we watch the game? B:Yes, lets.,4、感叹句 由what 或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。,I、句子种类,What a lovely baby it is! What fine weather we have today! What a good time we had last night! How foolish she is! How clearly you speak! How clever a boy he is!,I、句子种类,5、 THERE-BE存在句,.,一there be 句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识 1、 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. 注意事项： there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分， 翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物， 谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。 当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时， 谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。 如： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroo