《事件相关电位入门》PPT课件.ppt

Cognitive Neuroscience & ERPs（Event related potentials）,赵 仑 ,认知神经科学 Cognitive Neuroscience 是一门研究人脑高级功能的学科，它是认知科学与神经脑科学结合的产物。认知神经科学的研究目的在于阐明认知活动的脑机制，其学科分支包括认知神经心理学、认知心理生理学、认知生理心理学、认知神经生物学、计算神经科学。,认知神经科学,Event-related potentials Event-related brain potentials 凡是外加一种特定的刺激，作用于感觉系统或脑的某一部位，在给予刺激或撤消刺激时，在脑区引起的电位变化。 * 刺激缺失,事件相关（脑）电位,EEG对ERPs的淹没 叠加平均基本原理 ERPs波形恒定 潜伏期恒定 叠加n次：信噪比提高n 倍 例如： ERPs=0.5EEG n=100 100ERP 10EEG ERPs=5EEG,ERPs提取的基本原理,ERP的学术位置 属于心理生理学（psychophysiology）范畴 心理生理学以心理因素为自变量，以生理指标为应变量，一般以人为被试。 生理心理学（physiological psychology）以生理变化为自变量，以心理因素为应变量，一般以动物为被试。 心理生理学是从生理心理学中分离出来的，同属认知神经科学。 认知神经科学是当前脑科学界颇受关注的领域，ERP是其中的重要组成部分。,事件相关（脑）电位,ERPs 研究,成分研究,应用研究,特点及其影响因素,起源及产生机制,心理生理,临床应用,特因条件,功能评估,注意、记忆、语言加工、运动知觉等,神经精神科、昏迷愈后、辅助诊断等,航空、航天、航海、恶劣环境条件等,驾驶疲劳、功能评估、音乐认知能力、健康评估等,ERPs的研究分类,Oddball,两种刺激物 三种刺激物 新异刺激物的插入,标准刺激 (Standard) 偏差刺激 (Deviant) 靶刺激 (Target) 非靶刺激 (non-Target),标准模式 缺失刺激为靶,P3a,P3b,Standard,Deviant,Standard,Deviant,(Tarkka & Stokic, 1998),Standard,(DAVID E. J. LINDEN. Review, 2004),Standard,Deviant,Novel,Auditory P3b/P3a in depressed patients,Novel Oddball Paradigm,Target 2000Hz 15%,Non-Target 1000Hz 70%,Auditory Novel Stimuli 15%,Press,Fz Cz Pz,Non-target Novel Target,Black：Depression；Red：Normal,P3a,P3b,Auditory P3a Cortex Current Density,Normal (358ms) Depressed (358ms),MGFP Peak,Normal Depressed,抑郁症患者（右）额叶认知功能障碍,(Lv J, Zhao L, et al, 2010),Behavioral Inhibiting Responses,If the usual target-detection task is inverted so that the subject responds to the standard stimuli and withholds response from the target, the N2 wave to the no-go stimulus is increased in amplitude (Eimer, 1993) and the P300 is more frontally distributed (e.g., Hillyard, et al, 1976; Roberts et al., 1994; Falkenstein et al, 1995),(Zhang, et al，2007),Inhibiting Responses,Nogo,Go,(BW Zhang, L. Zhao, X. Jing. 2007),Facing some problems of emotional regulation at the stage of coping with the conflict in Internet Addiction patients,-200,600,uV,2.5,-2.5,FZ,ms,IA patients,Normal,Nogo,PZ,Go,P3go,P3nogo,N2nogo,(Dang, et al，unpublished data),山川,山川,面孔识别的心理生理机制,FIEFace inversion effect,（Searcy & Bartlett, 1996）,（Carbon & Leder, 2005）,Thatcher faces,（Carbon & Leder, 2005）,（Carbon & Leder, 2005）,N170: A face distinctive ERP component,Right Mastoid,Left Mastoid,N170,Carmel & Bentin, 2000,Functional characteristics of the N170-effect,Not sensitive to face familiarity (Bentin 2000) Despite global face configuration, it is eliminated when local information is not physiognomic (Bentin, Golland, &, Moscovitch, 2003).,Hypothetical role of the perceptual mechanism associated with the N170-effect,The N170-effect is associated with an “early” perceptual mechanism tuned to detect visual features that are characteristic to a face physiognomy. Its role might be to trigger the face-characteristic structural encoding processes when pertinent stimuli are present in the visual field.,Age-related changes during the early-stage face processing,Investigating the effects of aging on the face detection and configural processing by face-sensitive N170. If the ageing influences the face detection or configural processing, N170 effect or N170 inversion effect should be different for younger and older adults.,(Gao., et al, 2009),(Gao, et al, 2009),N170 effect,N170 inversion effect of faces,(Gao, et al, 2009),(Zhao L. & Li J., 2006),Expression Mismatch Negativity （EMMN）,(Zhao L. & Li J., 2006),EMMN in depression patients,-100,400 ms,uV,-1.5,1.5,T6,EMMN,Chang, et al. 2010,近期研究,Visual perception 、Unconsciousness processing Internet Addiction Autism & Depression Burn out 运动员、人才选拔、职业健康、青少年心理健康等 Binding theory ,Thank you for your attention,Familiarity effects on N170,Bentin & Deouell, 2000,N170 elicited by faces and face components,Left Mastoid,Right Mastoid,5,0,-5,V,Milliseconds,V,0,200,400,600,800,Milliseconds,-4,4,0,Bentin & McCarthy, unpublished,0,200,400,milliseconds,0,5,-5