Agreement主谓一致的课件和习题完成.ppt

Agreement,主谓一致,就近一致原则（2点）,语法一致原则（6点）, 个体一致原则（7点）, 意义一致原则（8点）,就近一致,1.Here the bus.(come) 2.There some pens and a knife on the desk.(be) 3.There a knife and some pens on the desk.(be),comes,are,is,1.Neither the students nor the teacher (know) anything about it 2.He or you (have) taken my pen. 3.Not only I but also David and Iris _ fond of playing basketball. A. am B. is C. are D. was,knows,have,C,语法一致,1.主语+with (together with, along with,), as well as, including, rather than, besides, except, but, in addition to, other than ,like ,not ect.+n./pron.结构中，谓语与主语一致,1.Interest, as well as prospects_ important when one looks for a job. A. are B. were C. is D. was 2.The students with their teacher (come) into the classroom together.,C,come,2.不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词 用单数,*但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是 “be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。,is,are,hasnt,Eg:1.) Serving the people my great happiness. 2.)When we deliver the goods been decided.（have） 3.)When and where we will go hasnt been decided.,Eg: 1.)What you did was right. 2.)What you need these dictionaries.,3.定语从句中,“one of +复数名词+定语从句”从 句的谓语动词复数。 若在one of 前有the, the only, the very修饰时， 从句的谓语动词则用单数。,play,plays,Eg:1.)She is one of these women who _the violin well. 2.)She is the one of these women who _the violin well. (play),4.定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which 时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。,5.在强调句中，如被强调的是句子的主语时， 则that/who后面的谓语动词应与被强调的主语 一致,am,helps,was,Eg: I, who _your teacher, will teach you everything I know.(be),eg: 1.)It is Mike who always _ me to study maths after class.(help) 2.)It was I rather than they that _ punished by the boss.(be),6.half of./the rest of/part of/ plenty of/分数（%）+of等作主语， 谓语动词随of后的名词而变化。,1.Four-fifths of the crop _. A. are ruined B. was ruined C. were ruined D. have been ruined 2.The rest of the buildings _. A. was destroyed B. is destroyed C. were destroyed D. has been destroyed,B,C,1.由and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、 同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。,is,is,are,is,is, 个体一致,Eg.1.) The writer and teacher her uncle . 2.) A poet and the artist coming to deliver a speech. 3.) My classmate and friend _going to pay a visit to me. 4.) A fork and knife on the table. 5.)War and peace often peoples topic.,a knife and fork一副刀叉; bread and butter加黄油的面包; coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡; whisky and soda 汽水 salt and water 盐水 a needle and thread针线; a horse and cart四轮马车; a watch and chain表链; a coat and tie; war and peace战争与和平; truth and honesty; medical help and cure aim and end目的,2. and连接的两个或多个主语前如有each, every, no, many a(许多）等修饰时，谓语用 单数。,is,is,has,has,Eg. 1.)Every tree and (every) flower to be cut down.(be) 2.)No sound and no voice heard.(be) 3.) Many a boy and girl made the same mistake.(have) 4.) In our country each boy and (each) girl_ right to receive education. (have),3. “many a +单数名词 /more than one+单数名词 /one and a half +单数名词”作主语， 谓语动词用单数,4.由some, any, every, no构成的不定代词,谓语 动词用单数,has,has,eg: 1.) many a foreigner been to the Great Wall. 2.)More than one student turned up at the meeting.(have) 3. One and a half banana eaten by the boy.(be),was,5. each of/either of./one of谓语动词用单数. none of/neither of可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词时，用单数,*neither作形容词时与单数名词连用， 谓语动词用单数。,worries,is,was,eg: 1.)None of us are/is perfect. 2.) Neither of them know/knows the answer. 3.) None of this me.(worry ） 4.)None of this money mine （ be ）,Neither statement true.（be）,6.主语是书名，剧名，报纸名，国名等复数 形式的名词，仍为个体，谓语用单数,is,is,The United States a developed country.,7.带引号的词语作主语，谓语单数,“I” the ninth letter of the English alphabet.,意义一致,1.集合名词family, class, team, group, crowd, audience, company, army, enemy, government, population作主语， 若强调整体，谓语动词用单数 若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数,2.集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police表 示复数意义谓语动词永远复数. people 民族（可数名词，peoples),.Cattle _ on the hillside. A. grazes B. is grazing C. was grazing D. were grazing,D.,3.主语是单复数同形的名词deer, sheep, fish鱼, series系列, species物种, means手段, works工厂, aircraft飞行器, ect.时， 视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。,4.以-s结尾的一些词the Olympic Games, manners, remains, earnings, belongings, goods, surroundings, winnings, leavings, ect.表示复数 意义，谓语动词用复数,has,have,.The surroundings of his house _clean now. A. is B. are C. was D. were,B,Eg: 1.) A new means been used .（have） 2.) Many means not come into effect.,5.physics, politics, mathematics等一些以“-ics” 结尾的词，指学科时属单数，谓语动词用单数。,is,are,eg. 1.) Physics is not difficult to learn. 2.)Mathematics a subject studied in nearly every school.,注：若指某学科能力，成绩，应用等或 非学科含义时被看作复数，谓语常用复数。 My mathematics are weak. What your politics政治信仰/见解?,6.成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses, shoes, trousers, pants, gloves, socks, slippers, scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数， *但如果前有a/the pair of, a/the suit of等词语修饰时，谓语动词与pair, suit等一致。,Eg. 1) My trousers very nice. 2)A pair of shoes under the bed.,is,are,7.主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词 all, more, most, any, none等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示 单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。,Eg: 1.)Which is more valuable, health or wealth? 2.)Which (be ) prettier, these or those? 3.) we had some paper, but the rest put back.(be),was,are,*the +adj.表示一类抽象概念时，谓语也单数 The new is sure to replace the old. The complicate is difficult to understand.,8. “the+形容词”做主语时， 表示一类人或物时，谓语动词为复数； 表示具体一个个体时，谓语动词为单数。 .,are,is,Eg The young better at learning new things. 2) The young my uncle.,Multiple choice: 1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging (C85) 2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept (C85) 3. There _ a lot of milk and some coffee in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has (C86) 4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was (C85) 5. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known (C86 ),Multiple choice: 6. All but one _ here just now. A. is B.