英汉翻译实务第六单元诗歌翻译（二）.ppt

,第六单元：诗歌翻译（二）,教学目标,让学生了解英语格律诗的特点 熟悉英语格律诗汉译的原则 体会英语格律诗汉译的相关策略和方法,英诗的格律 诗，不同于散文语言主要在于它具有音乐美抑扬顿挫的节奏与和谐回旋的音韵。“节奏”和“韵”是构成诗歌音乐美的基本要素。 英诗格律（简称诗律Metrics, Prosody, Versification）指的是诗歌结构形式中运用语音手段而形成的一套规范。它主要包括节奏（rhythm）和音韵（rhyme）两个重要因素。,英语格律诗的翻译 诗是内容与形式高度融合的有机统一体，诗借形以传神，失其形即失其神。 译诗需再现原诗的风格和神韵。英语格律诗的形式，包括体裁、结构（分节、分行的格式，节数与行数等）、节奏和用韵（或不用韵）这四个方面。,SONNET 18 1.Shall I /compare/thee to/ a sum/mers day? 2. Thou art /more love/ly and /more tem/perate: 3. Rough winds/ do shake/ the dar/ling buds/ of May, 4. And sum/mers lease/ hath all/ too short/ a date: 5. Sometime/ too hot/ the eye /of hea/ven shines, 6. And of/ten is/ his gold/ comple/xion dimmd; 7. And eve/ry fair /from fair/ sometime /declines, 8. By chance,/ or na/tures chan/ging course,/untrimmd; 9. But thy/ eter/nal sum/mer shall/ not fade, 10. Nor lose/ posses/sion of /that fair/ thou owst; 11. Nor shall/ Death brag /thou wan/derst in/ his shade, 12. When in/ eter/nal lines/ to time/ thou growest; 13. So long/ as men /can breathe/, or eyes /can see, 14. So long/ lives this/, and this /gives life/ to thee.,Sonnet 18,Shakespearean sonnet is also called the English sonnet, with three four-line stanzas (quatrains) and a two-line unit called a couplet (对子). The rhyme scheme is as follows: First stanza (quatrain): ABAB; Second stanza (quatrain): CDCD; Third stanza (quatrain): EFEF; Couplet: GG.,Iambic Pentameter,iambus: a metrical foot consisting of an unstressed syllable (-) followed by a stressed syllable (), e.g.: begin (- ). A pentameter means a line of verse consisting of five metrical feet. A foot is (usually) two or three syllables that contain one strong stress.,Rhyme Scheme of Sonnet 18,Quatrain 1 A Shall I compare thee to a summers DAY? B Thou art more lovely and more temperATE: A Rough winds do shake the darling buds of MAY, B And summers lease hath all too short a DATE: Quatrain 2 C Sometime too hot the eye of heaven SHINES,. D And often is his gold complexion DIMMD;. C And every fair from fair sometime deCLINES, D By chance or natures changing course unTRIMMD;. Quatrain 3 E But thy eternal summer shall not FADE, F Nor lose possession of that fair thou OWEST;. E Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his SHADE, F When in eternal lines to time thou GROWEST:. Couplet G So long as men can breathe or eyes can SEE, G So long lives this and this gives life to THEE.,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,Shall I compare thee to a summers day ?,Thou art more lovely and more temperate:,能不能让我来把你比作夏日？,你可是更加可爱，更加温婉；,you,gentle,You are,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a date:,狂风会吹落五月里开的好花儿，,夏季租出的日子又未免太短暂：,charming; pleasing,has,duration, time allotted,a limited period of time,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed ;,有时候苍天的巨眼照得太灼热，,他那金彩的脸色也会被遮暗；,sometimes, from time to time,the sun,not bright,natural color and appearance of the skin of the face,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or natures changing course untrimmd;,每一样美呀，总会离开美而凋落，,被时机或者自然的代谢所摧残；,every beautiful thing or person,from beauty,fortune,stripped of beauty,Untrimmed by chance, or natures changing course,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst;,但是你永久的夏天决不会凋枯，,你永远不会失去你美的形相；,existing for ever,lose color, freshness or vigor,owest,own,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,Nor shall death brag thou wanderst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst:,死神夸不着你在他影子里踯躅，,你将在不朽的诗中与时间同长；,wander,boast,thou growst to time,growgrowest,Shakespeares Sonnet 18,So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.,只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见，,我这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延。,(屠岸 译),this poem,莎士比亚的第十八首十四行诗表达了人文主义的主题思想：爱征服一切，美常驻人间。 莎士比亚的第十八首十四行诗结构严谨，韵律和谐，读起来节奏鲜明，抑扬有致。 采用了四四四二体，即三个四行和一个双偶句。在前面充分的铺垫之后，用两句结束全诗，点明主题。,赏析,这首诗的格律是严整的抑扬格五音步。每行有十个音节（五个音步，诗中用“/”划分），其韵式为abab cdcd efef gg，如每行的结尾“day-may”、“temperate-date”、“shines-declines”、“dimmd-untrimmd”、“fade- shade”、“owst- growst”和“see- thee”都构成押韵。,赏析,屠岸先生的译文对此诗的格律处理得十分恰当，在充分考虑到英汉语言的差异和各自的特点的基础上，采用了形式上的“以顿（或音组