小学英语骨干教师培训课件.ppt

,Beginning a class ( 开始上课） 1. Lets start class. =Its time for class. 上课 2. Hello, boys and girls / children.同学们好 3. Good morning /afternoon, boys and girls / teachers./同学们 老师们,早晨好下午好 4.Stand up / Sit down, please.起立请坐 5. Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日? 6. Is everyone / everybody here /present? 大家都出席了吗? 7. Is anyone /anybody absent? 有人缺席吗? 8. Whos absent? 谁没来? 9. Lets begin our class. 咱们上课吧. 10. Well start / begin a new lesson today.今天我们讲学习新课. 11. What day is it today? 今天星期几? 12. Whats the weather like today? 今天的天气怎么样?,In Class ( 课堂上） 13.Lets begin a new lesson.让我们开始学新课. 14. Well learn something new .我们讲学新知识. 15. Lets learn some new words/ sentences. 咱们学些 新单词句子。 16. Lets review what weve learned yesterday.咱们复习一下昨 天学过的内容. 17. Ready? Are you ready? 准备好了吗? 18. Start. 开始 19. All together.大家一起来. 20. Read all together now.大家一起读. 21. Sit down ,please.请坐端正. 22. Stop talking. Dont talk.不许说话. 23. Be quiet, please.请安静. 24. Look at my mouth, please.请看我的口型。,25. Quickly /Be quick, please. 请迅速点。 26. Hurry. /Hurry up, please. = Please a little faster.请快点。 27. Do you understand? = Do you follow me 听懂了吗？ 28. Can you follow me? 你能听懂我的话吗？ 29. Is that clear？ 听清楚了吗？ 30. Listen, please.请听。 31. Please listen to me. 请注意听我说。 32. Please listen to the tape recorder/ to the recording. 请听录音。 33. Listen carefully, please.请仔细听。 34. Look carefully.仔细看。 35. Please look at the blackboard/picture/ slide.请看黑板幻灯片。 36. Please answer my questions.请回答我的问题。,37. Can you spell the word? 你能拼读这个单词吗？ 38. Spell the word, please.请拼读这个单词。 39. Pay attention to your spelling/pronunciation.注意你的 拼写发音。 40. Say after me, please.请跟我说。 41. Read after me, please.请跟我读。 42. Try to keep up with me, please.请跟我学。 43. Please say it again.请再说一遍。 44. Please repeat/ Once more, please/ again please. 请再做一次。 45. Whos going to . ?谁准备.? 46. Who wants to.? 谁想要.? 47. Please come to the front.请到前面来。 48. In pairs, please.请两人一组练习。,49. Practice in groups, please./ In groups , please.请按小组练习 50. Any volunteers？有谁自愿做这件事吗？ 51. Lets do it. One by one ,please.请一个接一个地做。 52. Now you, please. =Would you, please? = Its your turn now! = you want to try? 请你来 53. Next, please.请下一个。 54. Now ( you) do the same.现在你做同一个。 55. Put up your hands, please. / Raise your hands, please.请举手。 56. Put down your hands, please. / Hands down, please. 请放下手。 57. Put it/ them into Chinese/English.把它们译成汉语。英语。 58. In English, please.请用英语。 59. Whats this in English/ Chinese? 这个用英语汉语怎么说？ 60. Please take out your books.请拿出你们的书。,61. Please open your books to page.请打开书，翻到46页。 62. Turn to page4.翻到第4页。 63. Close your books ,please.请把书和上。 64. Who can pronounce this correctly? 谁能发这个音？ 65. Please say this letter/ word/ sentence to the class.请读出这个字母 单词句子。 66. How do you read this sound / letter/ word? 你怎么读这个字母单 词的音？ 67. Pardon? I cant hear you clearly. Louder, please.请原谅.我没能听 清你的话请大点声。 68. Please go back to your seat. 请回到你的座位上去。 69. Who can help him/her? 谁能帮助他？ 70. Will you please help me? 请你帮助我好吗？ 71. Can you try? / Try, please/do you want to try it? =Think it over and try another answer. = Think it over and then give me your answer. 你能试一下吗？请再试一下 72. Dont be afraid.别害怕。,73. Dont be shy.别害羞。 74. Think it over and try again.仔细想一下，再试。 75. Try your best. / Do your best.尽力尽你最大努力。 76. Lets have a dictation.咱们听写吧。 77. Is this right or wrong? / Is this correct? 这个是对还是错？ 这个正确吗？ 78. Is it easy/ difficult? 它容易难吗？ 79. Stop here. / Now stop.到此为止。 80. Go on, please.请继续。 81. Lets sing an English song.咱们唱一首英文歌。 82. Lets act. /Lets act the dialogue. =Who would like to act out the dialogue? 让咱们表演表演对话。 83. Who wants to be A? 谁想演A？ 84. Now Tom will be A and I will be B.现在汤姆演A，我演B。,85. Its your turn.轮到你了。 86. Whose turn is it? 该轮到谁了？ 87. Wait your turn, please.请等等，就轮到你了。 88. Stand in line.站成一排。 89. Please get your things ready. 请把你的东西准备好。 90. Please put away your things.请把你的东西收拾好。 91. Practice the dialogue, please.请练习这个对话。 92. Ask each other questions.互相问问题。 93. Think it over.仔细想。 94. This half of the class will be/read/act/play A and the other half will be B. 班级这一半扮演A,另一半扮演B.,COMMENTING(评论） 95. Good. Thank you.好的，谢谢。 96. Right./ Thats right.对 97. OK./ Thats OK.对 98. Good. / very good.好非常好。 99. Thats wrong.错了。 100. Excellent. / Great. Well done. 优秀太好了做得好。 101. Youve done well.你做得很好。 102. Im sure youll be even better next lesson/ next time. 我相信下节课下次你会做得更好。,Exercise and homework. ( 练习和作业） 103. Well do Exercises 1 and 2.我们将做练习一和练习二。 104. For todays homework- say Hello to each other.今天的作业, 互相说：Hello。 105. Do it orally before write it out.在写之前作口头练习。 106. Write down the word twice.把这个单词抄写两遍。 107. Do your best. (I ll do everything I can.)尽最大努力写好。 108. Try your best.尽最大努力。I will do everything I can. 109. Remember/Memorize these words. 用心学好这些单词。 110. Next time well have a dictation/ spelling test. 我们下次 将举行听写拼写测验。,111. Please hand in your workbooks.请把你的作业交上来。 112. The bell is ringing.铃声响了。 113. There goes the bell.铃声响了 114. Class is over.下课了。 115. Time is up. Lets stop here.时间到了，就到这吧。 116. Thats all for today.今天就到这。 117. Come to / Ask me if you have questions. 如果你有问题，就来问我。 118. Goodbye. / Bye./ See you next time.再见下次见。,小学英语教师应当具有的口语能力：,语音：不仅要能读准单个的音标，单词，重音， 还要知道如何半爆破，某些音节的弱读和连读。 语调：通常我们讲英语的句子有升调和降调以及一些升降调规则，如一般疑问句用升调，特殊疑问句用降调。其实如果我们比较一下我们的英语播音员播送的新闻和英语原版影视节目，就可以知道其实英语口语中的音调并不如此单调死板。句末不仅升降调不符常规，而且还有轻读和平调。句子中我们认为是重读的词汇他们也可能用平调。,句中重读：众所周知，英语语句中的词汇并非个个重读，要重读的往往是需要听者特别注意的信息。不重要的信息往往发音比较含糊且速度较快。然而，中国的英语教师尽管知道这一点，在平时的教学中却不敢去做，怕学生听不清，说不准，从而导致学生不能接触纯正的口语，而且由于摹仿教师而造成同样的问题。最终结果是我们能读懂电影剧本，却听不懂电影。另外，针对儿童语言而言，重读的词一般速度较慢，而且发音也比较夸张。 句子韵律：由于意群和句中重读的相互影响，英语口语，尤其是较长的语句，往往有节奏感。这是原汁原味的语言所特有的，也是英语学习者难以达到的境界。语言的节奏对于儿童学英语来说是非常重要的，有强烈节奏的chant可以韵律感，激发起他们的兴趣。,语言内容： 语言是丰富的。对于儿童学英语来说，必须要有丰富 的输入，才能保证多变的产出。不能粗浅地认为需要孩子掌握多少，教师用语就必须限定在这些词汇和句型之内，不能超越雷池半步。如果学生只是反复地接触书上的有限语句，就不利于他们的思维发展和对新语言现象的适应能力。同时，也容易造成他们对话内容的单一模式。,语句表达方式：注意儿童语言和成人语言的区别，由于儿童思维和理解能力的限制，教师的语言必须灵活控制。采用儿童语言模式，向儿童语言靠拢（degrading），可以使学生容易理解，也容易维持和延长学生的语言学习的兴奋时间。降格手段包括用片语代替句子，如用In the kitchen?代替Is she in the kitchen?；用陈述句式代替疑问句式，如用You want what?代替What do you want?；为了保证一定量的正常语言的输入，教师在许多时候必须采用成人语言模式，但要注意不能太成人化。根据语言学习梯度理论，儿童学习语言的过程是不断向成人语言靠近的过程，所以教师的口语和学生的用于之间应该略有差距，以便学生不断摹仿改进。,语言的文化特征,语言的生活化,说明：,说明：to在一般情况下都读 t ；to的后面接辅音时还可读 d ； 用在句尾时读 tu 。,18. than ,if ,fill thannn if ftilltl 19. who,whom,whose,that who u:uh whom hum whosehuz thatt 常见组合的弱读形式 1. Are you? j Am I? mai Are they ? ei Is she?ii Is he ?zi Is it? zit 2. What is he? wdizi What is she? wdii What am I? wdmai What are you? wdj What is it? wdizit What is he? wnzi When is she？wnii Where is he? wrzi 3. Is this? zis is Is that?ztzt Is it? zit Is there? z zr z zr 4. Have you ? vj have we? vwi Have there? v vr has he? zi Has she? hi Has it? zit Has there? z zr,5. Do I? dwai Do you? dju dj Do they? dei Do we? dwi Dose he? t-si Dose she ? ti di Dose it ?d-zit 6. What do you? wdj wdj wt What are you? wdj wdj wt What you? wt 7. Dont you? dut dunt Dont they ? duei dunei Doesnt he ? dzni Doesnt she?dzni Doesn,t it?dznit 8. Will you? wilj wij Will he? wili Will she? wili wii Will it? wilit 9. going to可弱读为 gn 10 . Was I? wzai Was she? wi Was it?wzit Was this? wzis wzis Was that? wzt wzt Was there? wz wz wr,11.Were you? wj wrj Were you ? wwi wrwi Were they? wei wrei Were there? w wr wrr Was there? wz wz wzr 12. Did I? dai Did you? d du Did they? diei Did he ? di Did she? ti Did it? dit 13. Didnt you? di-nt Didnt they? di-nei Didnt he? di-ni Didnt she? di-ni Didnt it? di-nit 14. must have mst mstv may have meij meijv might have mait maitv could have kd kdv,连读:在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,就要自然地将辅音 和元音相拼,构成一个音节,这就是连读。连读时的音节一般不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可以加音,也不可以读得太重。如:not at all这个 短语。连读时听起来就像是一个单词。,(1)“辅音+元音”型连读 在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。 ImanEnglish boy. Itisanold book. Let me havea lookatit. Mr. Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday. I calledyou halfanhourago. Putiton, please. Notatall. Please pickitup.,2)“r/re+元音”型连读 如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。 Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk. Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）,(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读 英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。 Thankyou. Nice to meetyou. Didyou get there lateagain? Wouldyou likea cupof tea？ Couldyou help me, please?,(4)“元音+元音”型连读 如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。 Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me. She wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you come here? She cant carryit. Itll take you threehours to walk there. The question is tooeasy for him to answer.,5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。 Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读） Thereisa good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读） Can you speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读） She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读）,失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/ 失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。,(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型 6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。 The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now. The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people. Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(