2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit6Design能力提升题组训练（B）（含解析）北师大版.docx

Unit 6 Design能力提升题组训练(B).阅读理解ABefore the invention of air conditioning,it was really hard to cool things.You had to take something that was very cold and move it to places that were hot.The early 19th-century business of New England companies shipped large carved ice cubes around the country.And there were fascinating problems.For example,when the bodies of water that supplied the ice started getting polluted,the pollutants would be trapped in the pieces of ice.When they melted at their destination,the air was filled with unpleasant smells.There were even scarcities of ice during mild winters.In the beginning,it wasnt the heat but the humidity that started the invention of air conditioning.In 1902,the workers at the Printing Company in New York City were fed up with the warm and damp summer air,which kept their paper out of shape and ruined their print.To fix the problem,they needed a humidity-control system.The challenge fell to a young engineer named Willis Carrier.He designed a system to circulate (循环) air.The machine worked beautifully,relieving the humidity and allowing New Yorks printing companies to print without fear of sweaty pages and runny (过稀的) ink.But Carrier had a bigger idea.He recognized that a weather-making device to control humidity had even more potential to control heat.He went on to manufacture the first modern air conditioning unit at the Carrier Corporation,which is still one of the largest HVAC manufacturers in the world.Air conditioning went on to change far more than modern printingit shaped global productivity,migration,and even politics.Places like Singapore City and Shanghai are miserable when theyre hot and humid,but today they are large and important cities in the world.There are studies saying that human productivity peaks around 70 degrees.That means that air conditioning made us more productive and it allows people to work longer and keep making the world a rich place.However,there is also the dark side of air conditioning.1.What does the underlined word “scarcities” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Blocks.B.Supplies.C.Threats.D.Shortages.2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.What led to the invention of air conditioning.B.How Carrier invented the first air conditioning.C.The poor working conditions without air conditioning.D.The difficulties Carrier faced when inventing air conditioning.3.Which statement about air conditioning may the author agree with?A.It couldnt control heat in the early 20th century.B.It gives out unpleasant smells when functioning.C.It reshapes the US and even the world.D.It was invented in the 19th century.4.What may be discussed in the following paragraph?A.The disadvantages of air conditioning.B.The working principles of air conditioning.C.How air conditioning invents the modern world.D.Why air conditioning improves human productivity.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了空调的由来。答案及剖析:1.D词义猜测题。根据上文提到的人们借助冰块来使物体降温的内容和“there were fascinating problems”及画线词后面的“of ice during mild winters”可知,此处说的应该是人们遇到的某个问题,冬季比较温和的话,水就很难结成冰,冰块自然就会短缺。由此可知,画线词的意思应是“缺乏,不足”,与shortage的含义相近,故选D。2.A段落大意题。根据第二段的内容,尤其是“In the beginning,it wasnt the heat but the humidity that started the invention of air conditioning.In 1902,the workers at the Printing Company in New York City were fed up with the warm and damp summer air.The challenge fell to a young engineer named Willis Carrier.He designed a system to circulate (循环) air”可知,纽约印刷公司的员工为潮湿闷热的天气使他们的纸变形、字迹模糊不清而苦恼,为了解决这个问题,Carrier设计了使空气流通的系统。由此可知,本段主要讲是什么使得Carrier研发了空调。故选A。3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Air conditioning went on to change far more than modern printingit shaped global productivity,migration,and even politics”及最后一段中的“Places like Singapore City and Shanghai are miserable when theyre hot and humid,but today they are large and important cities in the world”“keep making the world a rich place”可知,空调影响着人们生活的许多方面,它不仅重新塑造了美国,甚至重新塑造了世界。故选C。4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“However,there is also the dark side of air conditioning”可知,接下来作者可能会谈及空调的消极影响。故选A。B(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔高三一模)Taking on the task of producing a short movie might seem like an impossible feat,but if you can assemble a good team and if you break down each stage of production into small blocks of tasks,youll come to realize that producing a small-scale movie isnt too bad.Just follow these steps and youll be on your way to Kevin Smith-like fame in no time.Assemble a production crew.If you run out of friends or people you can get to work for screen credit and offer people “points”,which is a percentage of the movie profits.Get a director of photography.You need someone who knows a lot about film cameras to make the movie come out right.Local film schools are the best places to find them.Assemble the props and costumes.Costume shops and local theater groups can definitely help you here.But you can also borrow from friends and family or check out thrift stores for bargains.Choose filming locations.Make sure you have permission from the owners of the property you choose to film on.Get the film processed.Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography.You may need to send the film to Los Angeles for this.Edit the film.You need to find someone who can transfer your film to video and arrange the completed scenes in the right order.You can likely find one in the same place as your director of photography.Obviously,this is just a basic overviewthe thing about producing a short independent movie is that the whole process is unpredictable.You can only set yourself up for the basics,but as long as you know things will go wrong every day,at least youll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.5.What can we know about directors of photography?A.They must be from film schools. B.They know everything about films.C.They can send films to Los Angeles.D.They can help get the right processor.6.Where can you most probably find a person to edit the film?A.Los Angeles. B.Costume shops.C.Local film schools.D.Local theaters.7.What does the author agree with?A.All the process of film-making is quite controllable.B.We should make full preparations before film-making.C.Producing an independent movie is an impossible task.D.Following the steps,you must become a famous director.8.What may be the best title for the text?A.How to be a good directorB.How to produce a short filmC.Secrets of being a successful directorD.Methods of making your film a hit语篇解读:本文是说明文,在文中作者介绍了成功拍摄小型电影的几个步骤。答案及剖析:5.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography.可知答案选D。6.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的Get a director of photography.Local film schools are the best places to find them.及Edit the film.You can likely find one in the same place as your director of photography.可知选C。7.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的You can only set yourself up for the basics,but as long as you know things will go wrong every day,at least youll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.可知,作者认为拍电影之前要为基本的事情做好准备,才能准备好应对遇到的困难。故选B。8.B标题归纳题。文中作者介绍了能帮助小型电影拍摄成功的几个步骤,B项能概括全文内容,适合作为标题。故选B。.语法填空(2018湖南师大附中高三一模)A graduation speech given by Chief Justice John Roberts became a talking point after The Washington Post published it.Roberts 1. (address)his sons ninth grade graduating class.He advised the young graduates 2. (take)lifes setbacks in their stride(从容地).But he did not wish 3. (they)good luck.“Now,the speakers will typically also wish you good luck and extend good 4. (wish) to you.I will not do that,and I will tell you why,” Roberts said.“From time to time,in the years to come,I hope you will be treated 5. (unfair),so that you will come to know the value of justice.Sorry to say,but I hope you will be lonely from time to time,so that you dont take friends 6. granted.I wish you bad luck again,from time to time,so that you will be conscious of the role of chance in life and understand your success is not completely deserved and 7. the failure of others is not completely deserved either.”He continued,“I hope you 8. (ignore),so you know the importance of listening to others,9. I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion.”In the end,each graduate received a pocket-size copy of the Constitution 10. (sign) by Roberts.答案及剖析:1.addressed考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填addressed。2.to take考查非谓语动词。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事,所以填to take。3.them考查代词。作wish的宾语,用宾格,所以填them。4.wishes考查名词复数。固定用法:good wishes表示“美好的祝福”,是复数意义,所以填wishes。5.unfairly考查副词。修饰动词treated,用副词,所以填unfairly。6.for考查介词。take sb./sth .for granted认为某人/某事是理所当然的,所以填for。7.that考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是一个宾语从句作understand的宾语,and 连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略也可以不省,但其他不能省略,所以填that。8.will be ignored 考查时态和语态。主语you和ignore之间是被动关系,用被动语态,且表示将来发生的事情,故用一般将来时,所以填will be ignored。9.and考查连词。I hope you 8.(ignore),so you know the importance of listening to others与I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion.之间是并列关系,所以填and。10.signed考查非谓语动词。the Constitution 与sign之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,所以填signed。.书面表达(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔高三二模)假定你是