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Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors话题单词1primitiveadj.原始的2civilizationn文明3ancientadj.古代的4dynastyn朝代5historiann历史学家6ruinsn废墟7racialadj.种族的8hardshipn苦难9ancestorn祖先10replacev取代话题短语1culturalrelics文化遗产2inhistory历史上3ignorethetradition忽视传统4historicrelics历史遗产5culturaldifferences/gap文化差异6liveon继续存在7datebackto/datefrom追溯到8have/possessahistoryof有的历史9treasureeverymomentyouhave珍惜你拥有的每一刻10cherishtoday珍视今天话题佳句1Wehumanbeingshaveacommonancestor.我们人类拥有一个共同的祖先。2Somerecordsofancientcivilizationwerediscoveredrecently.最近发现了一些古代文明的纪录。3Fromancienttimesourforefathershavelaboured,livedandmultipliedonthisland.自古以来,我们的祖先就劳动、生息、繁衍在这块土地上。佳作背诵假如你是Joe,你的美国朋友Chris目前在北京学习汉语,他对中国传统文化非常感兴趣。本周五下午你校将要举办一个文化讲座,请你根据以下提示给他写一封电子邮件,邀请他来参加。1农业大学张教授讲解中国茶文化的历史和传播;2讲座后有交流和品茶活动;3你将陪同Chris并帮其翻译讲解。HiChris,Goodnews!TherewillbealectureinourschoolthisFridayafternoon.ProfessorZhangfromUniversityofAgriculturewilltellusaboutthehistoryandspreadofChinesetea.Thiswillbefollowedbyateapartyandyoucantastedifferentkindsofteawhilechattingwithteachersandstudentsofourschool.Iwonderifyouwanttoparticipateinit.Dontworryaboutthelanguage.Illbewithyouandexplainwhatyoudontunderstand.Ifyoudonothaveanypriorappointmentthen,Iamlookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yours,Joe识记思考运用1核心单词wrinklen.皱纹spitv.吐唾沫;吐痰quiltn被子;被状物onionn洋葱;洋葱头kindergartenn幼儿园beastn.野兽;牲畜applaudv&n.鼓掌;赞许,赞赏albumn.相册,影集,集邮簿arrestvt.逮捕;吸引n逮捕;拘留pulsen脉搏,(光、能量、波等的)脉动,搏动starvationn挨饿;饿死starvevi.挨饿;饿死significancen意义;重要性significantadj.重要的interruptvt.&vi.打断讲话;打岔interruptionn中断;打扰significancen意义;意思;重要性;重要意义significantadj.有重大意义的accuracyn精确;准确accurateadj.精确的;准确的accuratelyadv.准确无误地alternativen可能的选择adj.供选择的;其他的alternativelyadv.两者选一地2阅读单词matn垫子deletev.删去watermelonn.西瓜hammern.锤子,锣锤spearn.矛,枪,梭镖receptionistn接待员acceleratevi.&vt.加速;促进yogurtn酸奶;酸乳酪howlvi.嚎叫,嚎哭categoryn种类;类别;范畴punctuationn标点符号arrestvt.逮捕;吸引n逮捕;拘留somehowadv.以方式;不知怎么地dizzyadj.晕眩的;使人发晕或困惑的systematicadj.系统的,有条理的primitiveadj.原始的,远古的scratchn.擦,刮;刮擦声;搔痕v.擦,刮;擦伤;抓破botanyn植物学botanicaladj.植物学的messyadj.凌乱的;脏的messn凌乱,脏gayadj.快乐的;欢快的gailyadv.快乐地;轻松地assumevt.假定;设想assumptionn假设;假定radioactiveadj.放射性的;有辐射的radioactivityn放射性ampleadj.足够的;充足的;富裕的rich/enough/abundantadj.(同义词)divisionn分割;分配;分界线dividev分割;划分;分配academyn学院;学会academicadj.学术的,教学的n大学教师,学者sharpadj.尖的;锋利的sharpenvt.(使)锋利;清晰sharpenern磨具;削具analysisn分析analyses (pl)analysevt.分析analystn分析者,化验员analytic (al) adj.分析的,解析的用上面所给单词的适当形式填空1Withtheteachershelp,Ianalysedthedataofthisexperiment.Theteacherconsideredmyanalysisisreasonable.(analyse)2Thescientiststhinkhisinventionisofgreatsignificance,becauseitissignificanttocurethepatientsofdeadlydisease.(significant)3IhavebeensobusythatIhavenotimetocleanthemess,sothehouselooksverymessy.(mess)4Theoldmanwasstarvedtodeath.Peoplefeltpityforhisstarvation.(starve)5Theboyneedsapencilsharpenertosharpenhispencil,becausethesharpenerhehasisntsharp. (sharpen)6Whileworkingouttheproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracy.Youmustmeasurethelengthaccuratelyinordertogettheaccuratenumber.(accurate)7Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)8“Giveherabigroundofapplause!”saidthemonitor,applaudingthefamoussingerexcitedly.(applaud)9Youdontneedanidentity,andallyouneedisproperidentificationsothattheguardscanidentifyyou.(identify)10ThefamousprofessormadeaninspiringacademicspeechintheBritishAcademyofFilmandTelevisionArts.(academy)1cy名词后缀(表示“的性质;的状态”)高频词速记accuracy正确,准确(度);精确efficiency效率;效能emergency紧急情况fluency流畅,流利frequency屡次,频率,频繁privacy隐退,隐避,隐居tendency倾向,趋势2情感态度族群relief解除,减轻relieve使脱离,解脱relax放松relaxed放松的mood心情hesitate犹豫exhausting使筋疲力尽的guilty有罪的,犯了错误的calm平静的,使平静envy羡慕,忌妒jealous妒忌的,吃醋的sympathy同情takeiteasy不要紧张3condemn相关词荟萃condemnvt.谴责accuse/chargevt.起诉scoldvt.责骂criticizevt.批评punishvt.惩罚4“comfort”家族comfortn舒适comfortableadj.舒适的comfortablyadv.舒适地uncomfortableadj.不舒服的uncomfortablyadv.不舒服地5fortune相关词一览(1)fortunen运气fortunateadj.幸运的fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunateadj.不幸的unfortunatelyadv.不幸地(2)luckn运气luckyadj.幸运的luckilyadv.幸运地unluckyadj.不幸的unluckilyadv.不幸地识记思考运用1动词短语cutup切碎lookahead向前看;为将来打算datebackto追溯到keepout关在门外;不准入内befedupwith受够了;饱受;厌烦beawareof知道scareaway把吓跑2其他形式regardlessof不管;不顾atmost至多;最多with/inrelief轻松地;如释重负地用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1Heservesthepublicwhole-heartedly,regardlessofhispersonalgainorloss.2Iwouldntliketoworktogetherwithhim,Iamfedupwithhislazinessandcarelessness.3Wheneverweareintrouble,wemustlookaheadandencourageourselves.4Chinesecurrencycandatebacktotwothousandyearsago.5Cutupthemeatbeforeyouputthemintothepot.1“厌烦,讨厌”一族速记betiredof厌烦于beboredof厌倦于besickof讨厌disgust使厌烦annoying厌烦的troublesome厌烦的2“beadj.to”结构小结besuperiorto比优越/年长beseniorto.比年长/资历深bejuniorto.比年轻/资历浅beinferiorto.次于;不如besimilarto与相似befamiliarto为所熟悉在解读中学懂,在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.Yes,indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的,这儿四周曾是一个很大浅水湖的一部分。句中as引导非限制性定语从句,as指代整个主句的内容,意为“正如”。正如古训所说“人不可貌相,海水不可斗量”。“Youcantjudgeabookbyitscover,”astheoldsayinggoes.2.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见,计划得更好些就好了!此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly.意为“要是就好了”。今年春节全家能团圆就好了!IfonlythewholefamilycouldbeunitedduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear!3.Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.她突然坐了下来,结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。onlytodosth.“不料;结果”,动词不定式作结果状语,表示意料不到的情况。他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院,结果被告知票已卖完。Hehurriedtothetheatre,onlytobetoldthattheticketshadbeensoldout.3500词汇语境篇先练后背,事半功倍ASlyMurderWhengivingalectureaboutthesignificanceofpunctuation,theacademicprofessor1.wasinterrupted (interrupt) andarrestedbythepoliceformurderinghiswife,areceptionistofakindergarten.Thepolicefoundsomephotoshedeletedfromtheire-album(电子相册) 2.showing (show) thattheyusedtohaveagaylife.But,fedup3.withherwrinkledface,hemurderedherinsteadofdivorcinghertoavoidfortunedivision.Hecutupakindofseashellwitha4.sharpened (sharpen) knife,andhammereditintopowderonaskateboard,andmadeatmostonegram,5whichwasenoughtoaccelerateonespulseuntilheorshedies.Thiskindofpoisoncandatebackto10,000BC6.whenpeoplerubbeditonspearstokillbeasts.Theprofessormixedthepoisonwithonion,watermelonandyogurtforhiswife.Howlingandscratchingherchest,shefeltdizzyanddiedsoon.After7.tentative (tentatively) examination,thepoliceassumedshediedofheartdisease.Butsystematicbotanicalanalysesshowedthatthewatermelonspitonthemessymatandthequiltwaspoisonous.Regardlessof8.exhaustion (exhaust) andstarvation,theacuteandskilfulpolicemenusedradioactiveequipmenttomakesure9.thecategoryofthepoison.Primitiveandnotampleastheiralternativeequipmentwas,theygotperfect10.accuracy (accurate) somehow.Peopleapplaudedthepoliceandthewomansfamilycanlookaheadwithreliefnow.Note:tentatively/tenttvl/adv.试验性地,暂时地alternative n可供选择的事物;可能的选择adj.可供选择的;其他的;非传统的;另类的(教材原句)Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?你能想到我们今天可以利用的选择吗?拓展词:alternativelyadv.可供选择地;或者analternativeto.的替代品havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做某事的选择Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事。(2)alternativeenergy替代能源;新能源alternativefuel代用燃料;可替代燃料alternativemethod替代的方法联想记忆“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达方式:donothingbutdosth.,havenothingtodobutdosth.,havenochoicebuttodosth.,cannotchoosebutdosth.。(1)Themorealternatives(alternative),themoredifficultthechoice.选择越多,越难抉择。(2)写作能力提升Hehadnoalternativebuttoadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.Hehadnochoicebuttoadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.Hecoulddonothingbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.Hecouldnotchoosebutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.Hecouldnothelpbutadmit(admit)thathewaswrong.他除了承认他错了别无选择。assumevt.假定;设想;假装;承担;认为(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.因此,我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒,就住在这些洞穴里。拓展词:assumptionn假定;设想;担任;采取assumingadj.自负的;傲慢的;过分自信的assumedadj.假装的,假的;假定的,设想的(1)assumesb./sth.tobe.认为某人(事)assuming(that).假设(引导条件状语从句)Itisassumedthat.人们认为(2)makeanassumption认为;假定ontheassumptionthat.假定联想记忆在英语中,有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词,实际上可直接用作介词或连词。这一类单词有:(1)supposingconj.假设;如果;(2)provided/providingconj.假设;如果;(3)givenprep.鉴于;考虑到;(4)consideringprep.&conj.鉴于;考虑到;(5)concerningprep.关于;(6)includingprep.包括;包含(1)Evenafoolcanassume(assumption)Thepointistounderstand.连傻瓜都会假设。重点是得理解。(2)Weassumed(assume) himtobethebestwriterofourtime.我们认为他是这个时代最好的作家。(3)单句语法填空Itisassumedthatmentalhealthisrelatedtophysicalhealth.Alotofpeoplemaketheassumption(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.Ihopetogotocollegenextyear,assuming(assume) thatIpasstheexam.(4)能力提升Iftherewasntthehardworkofthedustman,whatcanyouimagineourenvironmentwillbelike?(用assumingthat.改写)Assumingthattherewasntthehardworkofthedustman,whatcanyouimagineourenvironmentwillbelike?Peopleassumethatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.(用it作形式主语改写)Itisassumedthatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.significancen意义;意思;重要性;重要意义(教材原句)Hisuniversitywasawareofthesignificanceofhiswork.他所在的大学知道他的工作的重要性。拓展词:significantadj.重要的;明显的;重要的;有重要意义的(1)beofgreatsignificancetobesignificantto对有重要性;意义重大beofno/little significance没有意义/意义不大attach(great)significance/importance to认为(非常)有意义/重要(2)besignificantfor对是重要的Itissignificantthat.很明显联想记忆常见“beof抽象名词”的短语有:(1)beofsignificancebesignificant(2)beofimportancebeimportant(3)beofvaluebevaluable(4)beofhelpbehelpful(5)beofusebeuseful(1)Yoursuccesstodaymaybesignificantforyourwholefuture.你今天的成功对你的整个未来来说可能是重要的。(2)Attimegoingby,Iattachmoregreatsignificance(significant) todoingwhatIamdoingnow.随着时间的推移,我更加重视我现在所做的了。(3)单句语法填空Fromthestory,Iamfirmlyconvincedofthesignificance (significant) ofhonesty.TheInternetisawonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatsignificancetopeopleslives.Itissignificantthatgirlsgenerallydobetterinexaminationsthanboys.(4)单句语法填空(2018全国卷)Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificant(significance) benefitofbeingeasilychangeable.regardlessof不管;不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)(教材原句)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.因此,我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒,就住在这些洞穴里。(1)regardlessof不顾;不管regardlessofthefactthat.不顾的事实inspiteofdespite虽然,尽管(2)asregardsregardingin/withregardto关于,至于(3)regard.as.把当作要点释疑 (1)regardlessof.强调“不认为重要”,从而不加以重视或考虑,而despite和inspiteof有“尽管但是”之意。(2)regardlessof后可跟whether、what引导的从句,而inspiteof和despite后不可接从句。(1)Regardlessofwhathappenedyesterdayandwhatmayormaynothappentomorrow,thepresentmomentiswhereweare.不管昨天发生了什么,也不管明天可能发生或者不会发生什么,现在才是我们关注的所在。(2)单句语法填空Davishadverylittletosayregarding (regard) theaccident.Pleasegivemyregards (regard) toyourfamily.Ihavesomethingtosaywithregardtohisbehavior.Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.(3)写作能力提升我们把他看作我们最好的朋友。Weregard/treat/considerhimasourbestfriend.(regard/treat/consider)Wethinkofhimasourbestfriend.(thinkof)Welookonhimasourbestfriend.(lookon)datebackto追溯到;始于(教材原句)AlltheobjectsarefromthesameexcavationsiteinSanxingduiandcanbedatedbacktobetween3,000and5,000yearsago.所有的这些物品都来自于三星堆发掘现场,时间可以追溯到3000至5000年前之间。(1)datebacktodatefrom追溯到;始于datewithsb.与某人约会(2)todate迄今为止uptodate最新的;现代的outofdate过时的;废弃的make/haveadatewithsb.与某人约定某个时间;与某人约会set/fixadate(forsth.)确定一个日期(子)要点释疑(1)datebackto/datefrom追溯到,不能用于被动语态和过去时,多用于现在时。(2)outofdate/up to date作表语;out-of-date/up-to-date作定语。(1)Suddenlyshefeltoldandoutofdate.她猛然觉得自己老了,跟不上时代了。(2)Thisisahistoricbuildingthatdatesbacktothe17thcentury.这是一座有历史意义的建筑,可追溯到17世纪。(3)Thetemplehasalonghistorydating/whichdatesbacktotheearlyperiodoftheTangDynasty.这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期。(4)用date相关短语的适当形式填空Thecarisabeautyandquiteuptodate.Onthetopofthehillstandsanoldtempledatingbackto700yearsago.Thechurchdatesfromthe18thcentury.(5)写作能力提升这是一座始于14世纪的古老建筑。Thisisanoldbuildingdatingbacktothe14thcentury.Thisisanoldbuildingdatingfromthe14thcentury.fedupwith受够了;饱受;厌烦(教材原句)Well,Imfedupwithalltheattentionand.噢,我厌烦了这么多关注(1)feedsb./sth.on/withsth.用喂fedup吃得过饱,极其厌倦feedsth.tosb./sth.喂给feedonsth.(动物)以为食,靠活feedup养肥;使厌倦(2)betiredof厌烦(1)Peoplegetfedupwithanyonewhotalksbigintheofficeallthetime.人们对那些总爱在办公室吹牛的人反感透了。(2)Youlookfed(feed)up.Whatsthematter?你满脸不高兴的样子,怎么啦?(3)语境活用Usuallywefeedchildrenon/withmilk.Thatstosay,weoftenfeedmilktoourchildren.Atlastthismakesthemfed (feed)upwithit.我们通常用牛奶来喂养孩子。也就是说,我们经常给孩子们牛奶喝。最终这使他们厌倦了牛奶。(4)写作能力提升DavidwasfedupwithhisjobinLondon,soheaskedforatransfertotheParisoffice.(并列句)FedupwithhisjobinLondon,DavidaskedforatransfertotheParisoffice.(分词作状语)戴维厌烦了在伦敦的工作,所以他请求转到巴黎的办公室。Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见,计划得更好些就好了!此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly.意为“要是就好/但愿”。(1)ifonly.could/would/mightdo.表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)(2)ifonly.did.表示与目前或现在事实相反的愿望(3)ifonly.haddone.表示与过去事实相反的愿望(1)IfonlythewholefamilycouldbeunitedduringtheSpringFestival!春节全家能团圆就好了!(2)Ifonlywehadcome(come)afewminutesearlier!要是我们早来几分钟就好了!(3)Youcanmakeprogressonlyifyouare(be)modest.虚心使人进步。易混辨析ifonly表示“但愿,要是就好了”,句子用虚拟语气,表达强烈的愿望或遗憾onlyif表示“只有”,引导条件状语从句,不用虚拟语气。若其引导的从句置于句首,且与主语间没有逗号隔开,则主句用倒装语序(4)单句语法填空Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionis (be) astudentallowedtoenterthisroom.OnlyifIgetajobwillIhaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowed(follow)youradvice.Ifonlyhehadarrived(arrive) intime,hewouldnothavebeenpunished.IfonlyIhad (have) moremoney!Icouldbuysomenewclothes.单词拼写1Hewasarrested(逮捕)forspreadingrumorsontheInternet.2Itisurgentthatweshouldcarryoutthealternative (供选择的)plan.3Wemusttryeverymeanstoripen(使成熟)thelatecropsmorerapidly.4Iwasmistakenlyassumed (设想)tobeanEnglishmanbecauseofmyfluentEnglish.5Thebellindicatedtheendoftheperiodrang,interrupting (打断)ourheateddiscussion.6Theresample (足够的)evidencethatthelawyerknewexactlywhatshewasdoing.7Withthreegoalsinthefirstperiodtheyhadapromisingvictory,butsomehow (不知怎么地)theylost.8Thedriversteppedonthegasandaccelerated (加速) thecar.单句改错1Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthebuilding,whichdatedbacktoasearlyas800yearsago.dateddates2Ididntseeyouattheconcertlastweek.Whatapity!IfonlyIaffordedthetime.afforded前加had3Imfedupthisweather;itstimewehadsomesunshine.up后加with4Wemustassumeofhimtobeinnocentuntilheisprovedguilty.去掉of5Imverysorrytointerruptwithyou,butIhavesomethingveryimportanttotellyou.去掉with6Thesignificanceattachingtoanationaldayisverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.attachingattached7Thereweresomanycarsheldupbytheheavyrainontheroadthatwehadnoalternativebutwaited.waitedtowait8Heinsistedondoingitthatway,regardlessforoursuggestions.forof.教材与语法填空AgroupofstudentsfromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancaves1.foravisit.2.Anarchaeologistisshowingthemround.Thearchaeologistshavebeenexcavatinghereformanyyears.After3.finding (find) humanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandotherobjects,theythink4.itisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold.Theydiscoveredfireplacesinthecenterofthecaves5wheretheymadefires.Someevidencesuggeststhatourancestorsdidwearclothes6.made (make) fromanimalskins.Thearchaeologistalsoshowsthestudentsaprimitivenecklacepreservedquitewell.Indeed,7.asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshown,allthefieldsaroundhere8.used (use) tobep

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