高一英语外研版必修1module2语法课件.ppt

Grammar,现在完成时(Present perfect tense) (一) 现在完成时的基本用法： 1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 I have finished my work. We have set up many new factories.,2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。 Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”? Ive spent 3 years in the countryside.,3. 表示动作发生在过去,并且一直持续到现在, 甚至还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词, 且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。,Ive been an English teacher for about 20 years.,(二) 使用现在完成时的句型 1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句,其中从句用一般过去时) 2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first /其他序数词/ last time + that 从句中,从句使用现在完成时。,现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况,所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系,它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。,(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:,He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容) He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书 ) He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地, 在美国) He went to America. (只说明他去过美国),(四) 终止性动词与延续性动词： 1. 终止性动词: 表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有: come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close, give, lend, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, notice, find, understand, die 等。,2. 延续性动词: 表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 常用的动词有: live, study, work, teach, stay, read, play, fly, talk, rain, eat, run等,arrive be here begin(start)be on die be dead come back be back leave be away fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep) get up be up go out be out finish be over put on wear 或be on open be open join be in或 be a member of close be closed go to school be a student borrow keep buy have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know know begin to study study come to work work等,注意：如果现在完成时的谓语动词是结束性动词的否定式，则通常可以和表示一段时间的for短语连用. e.g. He has not left home for a month . 他已经一个月没有出家门了。 I havent seen him for a few days. 我已经好几天没看见他了。,1. - How are you today? - Oh, I _ as ill as I do today for a very long time. A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feel D. havent felt,2. - _ David and Vicky _ married? - For about three years. A. How long have been B. How long have got C. How long were being D. How long did get,3. It is the third time you _ late this week. A. had arrived B. arrived C. have arrived D. are arriving 4. - Did you enjoy your holiday? - Wonderful. It is years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since,5. When I was at college, I _ three foreign languages, but I _all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken ; have forgotten,6. - Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. - I _ right here. But now its gone. A. did you put; have put B. had you put; was putting C. have you put; put D. were you putting; have put,7. The price _, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. was going down D. has gone down 8. They are discussing the problem the whole afternoon, but they _ a decision so far. A. didnt reach B. wont arrive at C. havent come to D . all above,9. I have bought an English-Chinese dictionary. When and where _ you _ it? A. do; buy B. did; buy C. have; bought D. had; bought,10. I heard the peasants here _ very poor in the past. Yes, but there _ great changes in the past few years. A. were; were B. have been; have been C. have been; were D. were; have been,moved,Complete the conversation. Use the preset tense of the verbs in brackets, and for or since where appropriate. Mike: Hi, Kate. Kate: Hi, Mike. Mike: I havent seen your brother for a long time. _ he _ (move ) to a new neighborhood?,Has,Kate: No, he _ _ (move ) to a new country! He _ _ (be) in Australia _ last year. Mike: Australia! Thats great country. _ you ever _ (be) there?,hasnt moved,has,been,since,Have,been,Kate: No, I _ never _ (be) there, but I _ _ (decide) to go later this year. Mike: Great! _ your brother _ (send) you any photos _ he moved there?,have,ha