桥式起重机电气控制线路.ppt

课题六 20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路,桥式起重机：是一种用来吊起或放下重物并使重物在短距离内水平移动的起重设备，俗称吊车、行车或天车。,起重小车,主钩,副钩,驾驶室,大车,起重小车,主钩,副钩,驾驶室,大车,一、20/5t桥式起重机主要结构和运动形式,大车的轨道敷设在车间两侧的立柱上，大车可在轨道上沿车间纵向移动；大车上装有小车轨道，供小车横向移动；主钩和副钩都装在小车上，主钩用来提升重物，副钩除可提升轻物外，还可以协同主钩完成工件的吊运，但不允许主、副钩同时提升两个物件。,二、20/5t桥式起重机对电力拖动的要求,1. 桥式起重机的工作环境较恶劣，经常需带载启动，要求电动机的启动转矩大，启动电流小，且有一定的调速要求，因此多选用绕线转子异步电动机拖动，用转子绕组串电阻实现调速。 2. 要有合理的升降速度，空载、轻载速度要快，重载速度要慢。 3. 提升开始和重物下降到预定位置附近时，需要低速，因此在30额定速度内应分为几挡，以便灵活操作。 4. 提升的第一挡作为预备级，是为了消除传动的间隙和张紧钢丝绳，以避免过大的机械冲击，所以启动转矩不能太大。 5. 为保证人身和设备安全，停车必须采用安全可靠的制动方式，因此采用电磁抱闸制动。 6.具有完备的保护环节：短路、过载、终端及零位保护。,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,电路组成分析(图中未画出滑动集电刷和电源开关QS1)，28区的KM1移到33区,KM1,KM9,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM6,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,KA4,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,准备阶段：应将所有凸轮控制器手柄置于零位，关好舱门和横梁栏杆门。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,启动运行阶段：合上电源开关QS1(图中未画)，按下启动按钮SB，KM得电。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,KM动合触头闭合，松开SB。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,起动副钩，转动AC1手轮（置向上“1”位置）。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,副钩控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,起动副钩，转动AC1手轮（置向上“2”位置）。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,副钩控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,转动AC1手轮调整转速（置向上“3”位置）。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,副钩控制:,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,如果提升越位，则限位开关SQ6动作，KM线圈失电，YB1断电抱闸。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,起动大车，转动AC3手轮（置向上“1”位置）。,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,大车控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,合上电源开关QS2、QS3，KV线圈得电，自锁。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,转动主令控制器AC4手轮（置上升“1”），使主钩电动机起动，提升。,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩上升控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,转动主令控制器AC4手轮（置上升“2”），调整上升速度。,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩上升控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,转动主令控制器AC4手轮（置上升“3”），调整上升速度。,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩上升控制：,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩下降控制：,转动主令控制器AC4手轮（置下降“J”），使主钩电动机M5不能起动旋转。,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM3,KV,KA5,KA5,KM1,KM6,QS4,KA0,KA2,KA1,KA3,SQ7,SQ8,SQ9,SB,AC1-7,AC2-7,AC3-7,AC1-5,AC2-5,AC3-5,AC1-6,AC2-6,AC3-6,SQ3,SQ4,SQ1,SQ2,KA3,KA4,YB1,YB2,YB3,YB4,YB5 YB6,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,FU1,FU2,主吊钩下降控制：,转动AC4手轮（置下降“1”），使主钩上升速度降低或下降。,SQ6,L1 L2 L3,三、20/5t桥式起重机电气控制线路分析,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,I,KM9KM8MK7KM6KM5KM4KM3,KM2KM1,KV,KM,KM,KM,KM,AC1,AC2,AC3,QS2,QS3,W,W,W,W,W,W,W,KA0,KA2,KA1,S1,S2,S9,S8,S7,S4,KM9 KM8 KM7 KM6 KM5 KM4,1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,S3,S5,S6,KM1,KM9,S5,KM2,KM3,SQ5,KM7,KM8,KM9,KM2,KM2,KM1,KM2,K