2020版高考英语必考点专题13状语从句（精讲深剖）（含解析）.docx

专题13 状语从句精讲深剖真题速递一语法填空1.（2019新课标II卷）I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, _ because I want to.”【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是而是 ”之意，故填but。2.（2019新课标III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。3(2018北京高考改编)_ we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.【答案】If【解析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。根据句意可知，此处应该用 if 引导条件状语从句，表示主句内容发生的条件。4(2018天津高考改编)Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend so _ they get sweet enough to be eaten.【答案】that【解析】so that “以便；为了”，在此处引导目的状语从句。5(2018江苏高考)_ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights【答案】If【解析】Unless句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。6(2018浙江高考)I was performing this action of waiting _ it later became a habit【答案】If【解析】until句意：我继续这种拖延，直到它成了一种习惯。根据句意填until。7(2018全国卷)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, _ we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation【答案】but【解析】句意：把闲谈看作不重要的事情是很容易的，但是我们不要忘了如果没有闲谈的话，密切的关系也不会存在。前后表示转折关系，因此使用but。 8(2018天津高考)Next time you take a walk, no matter _ it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations【答案】where【解析】句意：下一次你散步的时候，无论在哪儿，欣赏所有的风景、声音和感觉。no matter where引导让步状语从句。9(2018天津高考)_ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room【答案】Whenever【解析】句意：无论什么时间你搬到一个新地区，你应该查找火警自动警报器和你房间最近的两个出口的位置。此处表示“无论什么时候”，因此使用whenever引导让步状语从句。10(2018浙江高考)_ his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full time 【答案】Since【解析】句意：因为他的全职工作令人厌烦，我问他为什么不把副业当成全职来做。此处表示“原因”，故填Since，引导原因状语从句。11(2018江苏高考)From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, _ they continue to rise in many regions【答案】and【解析】句意：从2004年到2013年，农业土地的价值增加了一倍，并且在很多区域它们的价值在继续上涨。根据语境，表示并列关系，故填and。 12(2018全国卷)I jumped at the idea of taking the class _， after all, who doesnt want to save a few dollars? 【答案】because【解析】句意：我迫不及待地想去上这门选修课，因为毕竟谁不想省几个钱呢？此处表示原因，故使用because引导原因状语从句。 13(2018江苏高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other, _ we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then【答案】for【解析】句意：很有可能到2025年我们不再互发邮件，因为那时我们将已经研发出更加便利的电子通讯工具。for是并列连词，表示原因。 14(2017北京高考改编)_ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.【答案】Although【解析】句意：尽管鸟类用羽毛飞行，但是它们的一些羽毛也有其他用途。由句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，故填Although。二单句改错1.(2019新课标I卷)Suddenly a football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. 【答案】but改为and【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a；考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。2(2018全国卷)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life _【答案】where改为when【解析】根据后面的“I was a child”可知，“当我还是一个孩子的时候”，是一个时间状语从句，故将where改为when。3(2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parents were when I entered high school _ 【答案】when改为until【解析】句意：我直到进入高中才意识到我的父母是多么地正确。not until “直到才”。4(2018全国卷)Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep after you are very excited. _【答案】after改为when【解析】句意：锻炼使你获得能量，因此当你兴奋的时候，很难放松并且获得一个安静的睡眠。when “当时”。 5(2018全国卷)After I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch _【答案】After改为Before【解析】句意：我还没有意识到这一点，一个小时已经过去了，并且到了去吃午饭的时间了。6(2018全国卷)We love Mexican churros, but I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant _【答案】but改为so【解析】句意：我们喜欢墨西哥小油条，因此我们通过电话从当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆中购买它们。空格前后是因果关系，而不是转折关系，故将but改为so。7(2018全国卷)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. _【答案】where改为when【解析】根据句意可知，父母是在我小时候教我玩纸牌的，所以此处要用when引导时间状语从句。三单项填空1.(2019江苏卷)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if onlyB. as ifC. even thoughD. in case【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D。2.(2019天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he wants their support.A. sinceB. onceC. unlessD. after【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。since因为；once一旦；unless除非；after在之后，根据题意，故选C。考纲解读状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句，共9种，是每年必考的语法项目，主要考查连词的判断选用，主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用。其中，以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。近几年，重点考查的连词有：when，while，as，before，unless，however等。近三年，高考有考查状语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句交叉运用的题型出现。知识梳理一、时间状语从句(一)when，while与as引导的时间状语从句1when，while与as引导时间状语从句的区别连词谓语动词用法点津when延续性动词非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生，可译为“一边一边；随着”When they heard the news that Shenzhou had been sent up into space successfully，they jumped with joy.听到“神舟”九号成功发射的消息，他们高兴地跳了起来。While I was reading，he came in.我正在看书时，他进来了。The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱。2while还可以作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang comes from Henan.刘旺来自山西，而刘洋来自河南。3when也可以作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会这时突然有人闯了进来。(二)before与since引导的时间状语从句1before与since的常用句式连词词义常用句式before在之前，还未就；才；趁，还没来得及It will (not) be一段时间before.(没有)过时间才It was not long before.不久就It was时间段before.过了(时间)才since自从以来It is/has been一段时间since.(从句用一般过去时)It was一段时间since.(从句用过去完成时)It will be two years before he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。It wasnt two years before he left the country.不到两年他就离开了这个国家。2since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词，所表示的动作自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。Its two years since we arrived here.我们到这儿两年了。Its three years since we lived here.我们不住在这里有三年了。(三)表示“一就”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句1引导时间状语从句，且表示“一就”含义的词或短语有：as soon as，the moment，the minute，immediately，directly，hardly/scarcely. when，no sooner. than.。2hardly/scarcely. when，no sooner. than.中主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner.和hardly/scarcely.位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。(四)until与till引导的时间状语从句1until与till引导时间状语从句的区别连词位置用法点津until可以放在句首not.until可用于强调句型till不可放在句首一般不用于强调句型2.not until位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。(五)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)1其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after，whenever，every time，each time，next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。2by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。By the time you come back, well have finished the job.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成这项工作。They had planted ten trees by the time we arrived.我们到的时候，他们已经种了10棵树了。【考题印证】单句语法填空 /单句改错1(2016全国卷)Over time, _ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 【答案】as/when【解析】句意：慢慢地，随着人口的增加(或：当人口增加时)，为了使食物熟得更快，人们开始把食物切成小块。根据句意可知，此处可用as/when引导时间状语从句。2(2016四川高考)The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does._ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.【答案】When/If【解析】第二句句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭了，熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它，轻轻拍打，给它安慰。根据句意可知，应填when或if。3(2015陕西高考)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up. _【答案】afterwhen/while【解析】句意：我所犯的唯一的错误就是当我打包它们(饼干)的时候，掉在了地上一些。when/while“当的时候”，after“在之后”。根据句意应将after改为when/while。二、条件状语从句1引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if，unless，as/so long as，in case(万一)，once，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing(that)等。Youll fail the exam unless you study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。As long as you dont lose heart，you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就会成功。In case there is a fire，what will we do first?万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？2在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。【考题印证】(2014辽宁高考)Unbelievable! Oh .，_ you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep breath.【答案】if【解析】if此处表示：噢如果你不介意，我要停下来做一下深呼吸。根据句意可知，应填if引导条件状语从句。(2016四川高考)_ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats【答案】When/If【解析】句意：当它哭的时候/如果它哭，她来回摇晃它并且轻拍安慰它。此处可用when来引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句。三、让步状语从句(一)although，though，as与while引导的让步状语从句1although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Although the sun is shining, it isnt very warm.尽管艳阳高照，天气并不是很暖和。Happy as they were, there was something missing.尽管他们快乐，但总缺少点什么。2although与though都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。3though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。Ive a bit of cold.It is nothing much，though.我有点感冒，不过不太严重。4while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。While I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。(二)even if与even though引导的让步状语从句even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。Ill do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.我要做这件事，即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。Even if I were in your place, I wouldnt take the job.即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。(三)“no matter疑问词”与“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句1“no matter疑问词”相当于“疑问词ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。Dont trust him, no matter what/whatever he says.无论他说什么，不要相信他。2whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句。(四)whether.or.引导的让步状语从句Whether you believe it or not, it is true.不管你相信与否，那都是真的。【考题印证】1 (2015浙江高考)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it._【答案】whether【解析】IfAlthough/Though句意：尽管在那个教室学习时我仅仅是一个孩子，但我永远忘不了它。根据句意可知，此处并不存在条件关系，而是表示让步，应将if改为although或though。2(2014全国卷)And it is wise to have as many good friends that we can._【答案】whether【解析】thatasas many . as we can为固定句式，as引导比较状语从句。3(2018陕西咸阳二模)Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a babys cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them _ we are parents or not【答案】whether【解析】句意：研究人员在他们的实验中发现，婴儿啼哭能够引起头脑中独特的情感反应，使得我们不可能忽略他们，无论我们是不是父母。whether or 可用来引导让步状语从句，意为“无论还是”。四、地点状语从句1引导地点状语从句的从属连词where, wherever指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。2注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。如：Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定语从句)你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。五、原因状语从句1引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that，每个连词的含义不尽相同。区别项目位置内涵语气能否回答why能否被强调because(因为)主句前或后直接因果关系强能能as(由于)主句前或后对方都知道的原因弱不能不能since/nowThat(既然)主句前如：Shes studying because she has a test tomorrow.她正在学习，因为她明天有考试。As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.由于在下雨，我们不去公园了。Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在，我们开始开会吧。2此外，when也可以表示原因，意为：since; considering that既然；考虑到。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.既然步行5分钟能轻松到达那里，你却打车，你可真够愚蠢的。【考题印证】(2016北京高考)I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today【答案】for【解析】句意：我不害怕明天，因为我见证了昨天，热爱今天。语境表示因果关系，故用并列连词for，说明原因。六、目的状语从句和结果状语从句1目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest等。如：Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.我会慢慢说，这样你就能理解我。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。2结果状语从句(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so.that., such.that.在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：如：Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他挣的钱如此少，以至于养不起家。当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all difficult problems.他是如此聪明的学生，以至于能成功地解出所有难题。(2)除结果状语从句外，too.to.(太而不能)，enough to.(达到某种程度可以)，so.as to.(那么以至于)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。如：He didnt get up early enough to catch the bus.He got up too late to catch the bus.He got up so late as to miss the bus.他起床太晚，以至于没赶上那班公共汽车。七、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。如：Do as you are told to, or youll be fired.告诉你怎么做就怎么做，否则你会被解雇。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。I feel as if I have a fever.我感觉像是发烧了。考点精讲“3招”妙解语法填空题1牢记连词词义并能熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件；2牢记固定句式结构，确定从属连词；3根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词。如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because, as, since; 如果主从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件， 则要考虑用if; 如果从句表示让步， 则要考虑用although, though, while。【思路点拨】1And he speaks so slowly and strangely it takes patience to understand what he is saying.【答案】that【解析】考查结果状语从句。“sothat”如此以致于是固定搭配，故填that。 2Not we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.【答案】until【解析】考查时间状语从句。“not until 直到才”是固定句式。本句是把not提到句首的半倒装结构，故填until。3In addition, some sharp remarks, they are eyecatching, may have misleading effects on the youth.【答案】though/although/while【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意“此外，一些尖刻的言论尽管他们很吸引人也可能会对年轻人产生误导作用。”4Interesting it may seem, I dont like it. 【答案】as/though【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意“尽管它看起来很有趣，我还是不喜欢它。”故填as/though。5This is the first time I have seen the moonlight I came here. 【答案】since【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意“自从来到这里，这是我第一次看到月光。”since意为“自从”，故填since。6I believe this sports meeting will remain a precious memory for all of us time goes by.【答案】as【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意“我相信随着时间的流逝，这次运动会将是我们所有的宝贵记忆。”as意为“随着”，故填as。7If the guests are seated at the table, the hosts may serve the food, or it may be passed so each person may help himself.【答案】that【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意“如果客人们坐在餐桌旁，主人可以提供食物，也可以从他们面前过，这样每个人都可以自助吃东西。”so that意为“为了”，故填that。8Air pollution is getting more and more serious, so we must take action it is too late.【答案】before【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意“空气污染越来越严重，所以在变得太晚之前我们必须采取行动。”故填before。“3招”妙解短文改错题第1步分析句子结构，弄清逻辑关系；第2步判断状语从句类型；第3步锁定从属连词。【思路点拨】1I have fallen in love with journalism when I was a child. 【答案】when改为since【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：自从我还是个孩子的时候，我就爱上了新闻业。故填since。现在完成时+since从句为固定句式，故把when改为since。2Before the old man came back, the smell of the whisky reminded him of the accident. 【答案】Before改为When【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：在老人回来的时候，威士忌的气味使他想起了那次事故。故填把Before改为When。3The club was very popular that many students signed up for it. 【答案】very改为so 【解析】考查结果状语从句。sothat如此以致于，句意“这个俱乐部如此受欢迎，以致于许多学生都报名参加了。”故把very改为so 。4Write to me unless you have any questions about the schedule. 【答案】unless改为if【解析】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你对时间表有任何问题，写信给我。故把unless改为if5Luckily, he was the only one who finally got the job, so the manager decided to give the job to whoever he believed was helpful. 【答案】so改为because【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意：幸运的是，他是唯一一个最终得到这份工作的人，因为经理决定把这份工作交给他认为有帮助的人。故把so改为because。6As long as insects happen to touch the webs, no matter what hard they try, they cant escape. 【答案】what改为how【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：只要昆虫碰巧碰到网，不管它们怎么努力，它们都逃不掉。no matter what+名词，no matter how+adjadv.。 故把what改为how。7Besides, assign a little extra time for each task, such that the work will be carried out systematically. 【答案】such改为so【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意：此外，为每项任务分配一点额外的时间，以便系统地进行工作。so that为了。故把such改为so。8Shaking hands is the most popular way to greet each other while people meet. 【答案】while改为when【解析】考查时间状语从句。when即可表示时间点也可表示时间段，而while只表示时间段。句意：握手是人们见面时最常用的问候方式。故把while改为when。9They said this was so a beautiful day that they would remember it forever. 【答案】so改为such【解析】考查结果状语从句。so+a/an+名词 that从句含义为如此以致于。句意：他们说这是如此美好的一天，他们会永远记住它。故把so改为such。10Its good to arrive early so you can get settled after classes start. 【答案】 after改为before【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：早点到达很好，这样你就可以在上课前安顿下来。故把 after改为before。模拟训练一单句语法填空1(2019湖南邵阳二次联考)In fact, the discontent things are not useless _ you may learn more from them than from the things that cheer you up【答案】since/because【解析】句意：事实上，令人不满意的东西不是没有用途，因为与那些使你高兴的东西相比，它们可能会使你学到更多。此处应用连词引导原因状语从句。2(2019陕西省部分学校摸底检测)I looked at the key more closely _ I realized it was a car key【答案】and【解析】句意：我更仔细地看看这把钥匙，然后意识到它是一把汽车钥匙。此处表顺承，故用and连接两个句子。 3(2019广西南宁测试)You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you【答案】or【解析】句意：你得让让路，不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知，空格处应用or，意为“否则，不然”。 4(2019济南外国语学校高三月考)He had me stop and repeat the procedure two or three more times _ I grasped it 【答案】until/till【解析】句意：他让我停下来并且重复了两三次这个过程，直到我掌握了它。根据句意，可知填until或者till。5(2019江西上饶高三检测)After 40 years of reform and openingup, China still has a long way to go _ it becomes a “developed economy”【答案】before【解析】句意：经过40年的改革开放，中国在成为“发达经济体”之前还有很长的路要走。故填before6.（烟台市2019年高考诊断性测试）Wherever you