国际音标教学课件.ppt

国际音标,Phonetic Symbols,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。 2音素的分类：元音和辅音。 3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。 4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。 7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello 8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,元音和辅音的定义： 发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。 不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。 发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。浊辅音浊辅音。,3,1. 音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中间。 2. 音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度。,音标的书写,4,26个字母读音,Aa,eI,Hh,eIt,Jj,deI,Kk,eI,eI,eI,d,t,k,keI,共同点：,都含有eI,26个字母读音,Bb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Gg,Pp,Tt,Vv,Zz, b i: , s i:, d i: , i: , d i: , p i: , t i: , v i: , z i: ,共同点：,都含有 i: ,26个字母读音,Ff,ef,Ll,el,Mm,em,Nn,en,Ss,es,Xx,eks,Zz,zed,共同点：,都含有 e ,26个字母读音,Ii,ai,Yy,wai,共同点：,都含有 ai ,26个字母读音,ju:,Qq,kju:,共同点：,都含有 ju:,Ww,Uu,dblju:,26个字母读音,u,Oo,26个字母读音,u,Oo,26个字母读音,a:,Rr,26个字母读音,Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg e i bi: s i: di: i: ef di: Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn eit ai dei kei el em en Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt u pi: kju: a: es ti: Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz ju: vi: dblju: eks wai zed,Aa Bb Cc Dd e i bi: s i: di: Ee Ff Gg i: ef di:,Hh Ii Jj Kk eit ai dei kei Ll Mm Nn el em en,Oo Pp Qq u pi: kju: Rr Ss Tt a: es ti:,Uu Vv Ww ju: vi: dblju: Xx Yy Zz eks wai zed,国际音标表,浊化：如果清辅音后还有清辅音，就把后面的清辅音发成与它相对的浊辅音 St Sp Sk student skate sport,/p/在s后浊化成/b/，如 spring：spri， speak：spi:k； /t/在s后浊化成/d/，如 stay： stei； /k/在s后浊化成/g/， school：sku:l。,国际音标表,音节,音节是由元音和辅音字母构成的发音单位。就语 音节的概念 音形式而言，一个音节通常由一个元音音素加上 一个或几个辅音字母构成。单独一个元音字母也 也可以构成一个音节。但辅音一般不单独构成音 节。如：pen。 音节的分类 音节包括重读音节和非重读音节。重读音节又分 为开音节、闭音节、r 音节和re 音节。,单词的音节 在一个词中，有几个元音因素（不是元音字母 ），就有几个音节。单词按其音节多少来划分，可分为三种 单音节词由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如big, fight, I, you, a 等 双音节词由两个音节构成的词叫做双音节词，如worker, teacher, our等。 多音节词由三个或三个以上音节构成的词叫作多音节词，如family, afternoon, university等。,Kate name grade age cake face game,Ann map bag thank am and apple,元音字母 Aa 在单词中的发音,开音节:,闭音节：,ei,he she me tree jeep bee see,egg pen desk pencil yes ten bed,元音字母 Ee 在单词中的发音, e ,闭音节：,i:,开音节：,元音字母 Ii 在单词中的发音,开音节： I hi bike fine nice like kite,闭音节： in it is six sit this Miss,ai, i ,元音字母 o 在单词中的发音,开音节： no go home those hello zero,闭音节： not box clock wrong dog on,u,元音字母 Uu 在单词中的发音,开音节,闭音节, u: , ju:,ruler Lucy rule,duty use huge excuse student,bus cup must much mug cut us number,i: 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee e: me be she he we evening ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。 1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy ey: monkey money ay:Sunday Saturday Friday 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。 1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship 3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly,: 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor a: water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall or:horse corn fork or short oor:floor door 根据发音规则，找出发:的1个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare 3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk, 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a o: fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long a: watch 根据发音规则，找出发:的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog 3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl,: 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or er: her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear:early learn or: word work world 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。 1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term, 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e ure: picture er:teacher brother dinner father sister ar: sugar or:doctor a:panda about above camera sofa China 根据发音规则，找出发的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.mother sofa road smile 2.sit father sister food 3. hair deer tiger China 4.sugar soon ear leader,u: 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui o: do who whose oo: food moon too ui: fruit juice u: ruler rude 根据发音规则，找出不发u:的单词。 1. juice moon zoo panda 2. tooth broom eye spoon 3. head boot noodles pool 4. noon cool boot watch,u发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u o:woman wolf oo:look good book foot wood u:bull bullet 根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。 1.mouth book look pull 2.push tape sugar foot 3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name,a: 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf au: laugh aunt ear: heart 根据发音规则，圈出发a:的2个单词。 1.arm lip doctor card 2. cloud cart garden gate 3.ball scarf dark tiger 4. job lorry March park, 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou o: son come colour love money u: sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us ou: touch cousin country 根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.hear cup bed air 2. voice boy duck ant 3.vase corn bear gun 4. cute boy money her, 发这个音的字母和字母组合a a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map 根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea: bread head breakfast 根据发音规则，找出每组中不发e的单词。 1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy,ei 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay a: cake make name game snake gate lazy ai: rain train wait ay:day May play taday way 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样 的单词。 1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train,ai 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy i: kite bike nice tiger write knife y: by cry fly my sky try why ie:tie pie uy:buy 根据发音规则，找出每组中发ai的2个单词. 1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write small tennis kite,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy oi: oil boil coin oy: boy toy 根据发音规则，找出每组中发i的2个单词. 1.soil hear soy cold 2. rabbit bed boy noise 3.walk voise boil word 4. tea enjoy toy milk,au 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow ou: house mouse mouth trousers ow: flower cow how now down 根据发音规则，选出不发au的单词。 1mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth 3. town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow o: nose rose poen over oa: boat coat soap goat ow:show window snow bowl 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的2个单词。 1coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3. your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear: ear hear tear eer: deer beer 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发i的1个 单词。 1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4. ring king here three,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear air: hair chair pair ear:pear bear wear 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发e的1个 单词。 1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4. ring king hare three,u 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发u的1个 单词。 1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower air 4. voice king pure engineer,p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发p的单词。 1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truck,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage 根据发音规则，圈出发b的2个单词。 1.cab gift beach love 2. pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress baby,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter 根据发音规则，圈出没有发t的1个单词。 1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played 根据发音规则，圈出没有发d的1个单 词。 1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck 从下列单词中找出一个发sk的单词。 1. cake car desk neck 2. mask rock ink clock 3. disk truck silk duck,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg 根据发音规则，圈出发g的单词。 gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea see c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice 根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发s的单词。 1. whose juice lick student 2. those case scarf shoes 3. space nose science meat 4. tears piece bus nose,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose rose 根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发z的单词。 1.zoo freeze lick case 2. game play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4. tears peanut eagle zero, 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发的2个单词。 1. shell ship watch desk 2. truck shirt skirt ship 3. brush carrat sheep sleep 4. hero shape street shelf,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s s: television, usually, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collision; a great decision; my pleasure 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发3的2个单词。 1. shell ship garage desk 2. truck shirt pleasure ship 3. brush casual sheep sleep 4. hero shape leisure shelf,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match 根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发t的单词，并抄下来。 chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catch,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage 根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发d3的单词。 egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orange drug jeans gun,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh 选出下列单词中不发f的单词，写在横 线上。 knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf,independent,独立自主,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v: video vase vest ve: five love violin 根据发音规则,在不发v的单词上打 violin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: three thin third teeth mouth 根据发音规则，圈出不发的单词。 1father three maths thirsty 2. mouth throat Thursday brother 3. think thirsty mother thousand 4. thin thick they teeth,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: father mother brother clothes weather 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 的1个单词。 1than sister brother three 2. weather thank night good 3. tie look teeth they 4. thin father throat watch,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes 根据发音规则，找出发ts的4个单词写在后面的横线上。 sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids,dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides 根据发音规则，找出发dz的5个单词写在后面的横线上。 coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats horse sands gates,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick 根据发音规则，找出没有发tr的3个单词写在后面的横线上。 seats truck train trash tractor drink street drug trousers,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr: draw drink driver dragon dry 根据发音规则，找出每组中发dr的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1. dream duck dress rain 2. rat drain drug door 3. tree treasure drawer drink 4. truck dragon dish drum,h发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh h: he her head heart hair ham wh: who whose 根据发音规则， 把下列单词中不发h的找出来。 1. ham hat white ( ) 2. horse whale who ( ) 3. wheat hole hair ( ),r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap 根据发音规则，选出发r的单词，打。 1. bread driver wrong rain worker 2. river father robot rope sister 3. write fruit rabbit crown drum,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发l的单词。 1. lamp nail flag woman ( ) 2. yellow fruit lion lychee ( ) 3. grape bull laugh lake ( ) 4. dumpling moon wheel whale( ),m 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down kn: knee knife knock gn: sign 根据发音规则，找出发n的单词并抄下来。 1. mirror wheel yes knock 2. mall hen laugh nut 3. earrings plane wing bread,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng n: ink bank tank finger ng: sing hang song king reading running 根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发的单词。 1net ring finger meat 2. tennis mouth song swing 3. dumpling wing run nail 4. hang swim ink note,w发这个音的字母和字母组合 w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发w音的1个单词。 1. wood write wheel which 2. wheat snow wet woman 3. white window now why 4. whale water watch row,j发这个音的字母和字母组合y y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your 根据发音规则，找出发j的单词写在下 面横线上。 cry you your sky yellow lorry money jelly toy boy yogurt soy,找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) moon food eat fruit ( ) true book wood look ( ) four small walk bird ( ) got clock shop shirt ( ) bus foot push book ( ) lost ball long ox ( ) ruler dog mooncake blue ( ) big ship horse it,找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) he feet bread green ( ) pig is dog ship ( ) thirty bird her food ( ) she big in money ( ) sweets fish teacher we ( ) teacher sister about girl ( ) tiger first work shirt ( ) tree bean clean chin ( ) father doctor skirt china ( ) happy sea sit picture 读音标写单词。 bi: b:d si: swi:t bizi h: dkt sist li:f hi: 连线。 meat : thirsty i: driver animal i:,选出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) 1. car arm food garden ( ) 2. true jump bus cut ( ) 3. bag short map flag ( ) 4. egg pen head small ( ) 5. got clock bell dog ( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot ( ) 7. rat bat apple ten ( ) 8. gun star duck moneg 写出单词或音标。 pa:st ru:m swet sit ft gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star head,选出下列没有发相同发音的词 ( ) 1. cake egg rain May ( ) 2. kite cry broom fly ( ) 3. boy joy cat noise ( ) 4. blouse sun cow house ( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm 读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。 klaud set kin kr:s c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s flg trein desk smail f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _le Aa Kk Ii Yy hi boy cow now toy bike house my cake face how nice,选出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) 1. mouth coat goat window ( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher ( ) 3. pair boy air hare ( ) 4. poor tour Europe cry ( ) 5. boat bike side fly 写出单词或音标。 nuz said i kau pe pu bt wu:d go ear photo deer near nose hear 把下列单词与音标用线连起来。 ruz theater it rose skwe tour tu square pleisiz places,选出下列没有相同发音的词 ( ) 1. pear ship coat pig ( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage ( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet ( ) 4. seed dance hand full ( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple ( ) 6. cold find door chair ( ) 7. cloth purple pool push ( ) 8. eat fan quiet set 写出单词或音标。 pnd kt di:p klaud apple pear rabbit read 改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。 short_(衣物) sea_（感官动词） pet _(蔬菜) ten_ (动物),将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 ( ) 1. car stay neck clock ( ) 2. gas give drive bag ( ) 3. sea boss rice cook ( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero ( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy 写出单词或音标。 rais nuz sneik gra:s _ _ _ _ glf gla:s kk ki: _ _ _ _ leg cake rice mouse _ _ _ _ nose bag get kite _ _ _ _,将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 ( ) 1. foot knife pick fish ( ) 2. window move vote vase ( ) 3. three fan thousand thin ( ) 4. father them brother wa