六年级英语上册语法.doc

现在进行时 （unit1&unit5）一意义当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。二:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) eg: The children are playing in the park . 否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. eg:The children are not playing in the park. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他? eg:Are the children playing in the park? Yes, they are. /No , they are not. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? eg:What are they doing now?3. 现在分词的构成： (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,如：playplaying sleepsleeping looklooking throwthrowing barkbarking listenlistening climbclimbing crycrying callcalling washwashing eateating brushbrushing drinkdrinking combcombing cleancleaning gogoing dodoing rainraining talktalking growgrowing openopening singsinging eateating walkwalking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing， 如：bitebiting write writing have having dancedancing (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： sitting running swimming shopping 四.时间标志now，句前的look ,listen现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _eat_ go_write_ sit_ read_ have_ wash sleep _ look_ throw_ bark_ listen_climb_ bite_ cry_ clean call_sit _ shop_ brush drink comb 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The children _ ( play)in the park now.2. Lingling_ ( sit)on a swing now .3. My mother _ ( sit )on a bench now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . He _( sleep).6.The dog _(look) at the children now.7.Look! Mingming _(throw )stones at the dog .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(drink ) water.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _4Tom is listening . (改为否定句) _一般现在时（unit2）一意义 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。 如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?如： What do you often do after school ?当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?如： How does your father go to work?3. 第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)(1)多数动词直接加s: 如：runruns getgets likelikes makemakes leaveleaves wavewaves eateats cleancleans startstarts taketakes playplays climbclimbs telltells saysays looklooks pickpicks turnturns(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watchwatches gogoes dodoes washwashes brushbrushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys says (4)不规则变化havehas 四.时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every 一般现在时专项练习：1、 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ _4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) _7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) _8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) _三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _一般过去时（unit4）1 意义： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2 构成及变化 1Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） 带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday?三动词过去式变化规则： 1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：wantwanted talktalked staystayed missmissed looklooked askasked killkilled jumpjumped 2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母（a.e.i.o.u）和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed， 如：study-studied trytried worryworried 5不规则动词过去式：am/iswas arewere dodid seesaw saysaid givegave flyflew sitsat havehad feelfelt havehad gowentgetgot comecame eatate taketook runran singsang putput makemade readread writewrote drinkdrank riderodedrawdrew speakspoke bringbrought 过去时专项练习：一写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、用动词的适当形式填空。1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.11. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.12. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.13. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)14. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)15. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.16. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)17. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)18. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.19. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.20.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)21. I _ an English teacher now.22. She _ happy yesterday.23. They _ glad to see each other last month.24. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.25. The little dog _ two years old this year.26. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.27. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.28. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.29. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.30. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.31. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)32. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?33. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.34. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.35. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.36. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.三、句型转换。1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_将来时(unit9&10&11)一、意义： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + do； will+ do.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般