辽宁省2018_2019学年高一英语模拟选课第二次联考试题（含解析）.docx

辽宁省2018-2019学年高一英语模拟选课第二次联考试题（含解析）考试时间：100 分钟 试题满分：120 分注意事项：本试卷由第I卷和第II卷组成。第 I 卷为选择题部分，一律答在答题卡上；第 II 卷为非选择题部分，按要求答在答题卡相应位置上。第I卷选择题第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 35 分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ABritains Beautiful National Parks Offer Lots to SeeMany visitors to the UK go straight to London and never explore outside the capital , which is a pity, for there is a huge variety of landscape only a few hours away, in any one of Britains largest areas of protected countryside, its national parks.The CairngormsThe biggest is the Cairngorms in northern Scotland, with some of the countrys highest mountains and the best place for skiing. Climbing and fishing are also popular, along with Scotlands national game, golf. Wildlife enthusiasts are well rewarded this is the home ofthe red deer, red squirrel and golden eagle.The Lake DistrictOver the border in England is the Lake District, originally made famous by local Romantic poet William Wordsworth two hundred years ago. Crowds of people have been travelling here since 1847 when a railway was built to its biggest lake, Windermere. Childrens writers have found inspiration here too, and the mountains make for excellent walking, with breathtaking views.SnowdoniaWales also has its fair share of very impressive landscape Snowdonia was one of thefirst national parks to be created in 1951. You will find the road signs in two languages and hear Welsh spoken in the local shops. If mountain climbing is not your thing, try visiting a castle built by a 13th-century prince, or check out the nearby beaches.The Jurassic CoastCovering 95 miles of the coastline from East Devon to Dorset, the Jurassic Coast is just as amazing, with rocks recording 185 million years of the earths history. The first underwater dinosaur（恐龙） remains were found in the high rocks here in the early 19th century.The Giants CausewayFor the strangest coastal scenery of all, cross the Irish Sea to the Giants Causeway. Created 50-60 million years ago, the Giants Causeway has been a source of respect, fear and wonder through the ages. So its not surprising that all kinds of imaginative stories come from it.1. If a person is fond of wild animals, which one is the best choice for him?A. The CairngormsB. The Lake DistrictC. SnowdoniaD. The Giants Causeway2. What can you learn from the passage?A. The Lake District is a good place to create works for painting.B. Snowdonia is the first national park to be created in Britain.C. The first dinosaur remains were found on the Jurassic Coast.D. You can get to the Giants Causeway by crossing the Irish Sea.3. Where is the article most likely to be taken from?A. A mapB. A newspaperC. A science bookD. A textbook【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。英国美丽的国家公园提供很多观赏的地方。本文提供了英国的国家公园中浪漫的英式田园风光的几个景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据The Cairngorms部分中的“The biggest is the Cairngorms in northern Scotland, Wildlife enthusiasts are well rewarded this is the home of the red deer, red squirrel and golden eagle. ”可知，The Cairngorms有红鹿、红松鼠和金鹰。所以这儿是野生动物爱好者最好的选择。故选A 。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据The Lake District中的“Over the border in England is the Lake District, originally made famous by local Romantic poet William Wordsworth two hundred years ago. Childrens writers have found inspiration here too, ”可知此处是创作诗的好地方，可知A错误。Snowdonia部分中的“Snowdonia was one of the first national parks to be created in 1951”可知是“ one of thefirst national parks”其中之一，故B是错误的。根据The Jurassic Coast 中的“The first underwater dinosaur（恐龙） remains were found in the high rocks here in the early 19th century.”可知，第一只水下恐龙遗骸于19世纪初在这里的高岩石中被发现。而不是“the first underwater dinosaur”，故C是错误。在The Giants Causeway中的“For the strangest coastal scenery of all, cross the Irish Sea to the Giants Causeway.”可知，穿越爱尔兰海到巨人的堤道，欣赏最奇特的海岸风光，可知D是正确的。故正确答案为D。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了在英国的国家公园中浪漫的英式田园风光的几个景点。属于广告版面上，因此可能出现在报纸上。故选B。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。第3小题属于推理判断题，本文主要介绍了在英国的国家公园感受到的浪漫的英式田园风光的几个景点。属于娱乐版面上，因此可能出现在报纸上。故选B。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。BIn Rio , one of the points of attraction is doubtlessly the most famous beach in the world, the Copacabana. When the weather is right the Copa becomes a stage on which everyone can play a part. Rios beaches, however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team. In peak season during January and February, the helicopters of the governmental rescue organization, fly life-saving tasks from sunrise to sunset. Doctors also need to be on board when the control room reports an emergency(突发事件). The doctors and rescuers will do their best with the equipment available on board. If the patient shows no signs of recovery, the rescue team decides to fly him to hospital.In Rio, lifesaving is a mans job. The four-meter-high watchtowers are always manned. Alarm at tower number 5, a woman has swum too far out to sea and cant make it back to the beach by herself. One minute later the rescue team has reached the Copacabana. From a height of ten meters above the water, Luis Carlos jumps into the sea close to the helpless swimmer. His workmates on board must keep an eye on him so that they can tell the pilot in which position to keep the helicopter. Another man is in the water now to help calm the woman down and get her ready to be airlifted. The pilot must slowly control the helicopter sideways and aim carefully. Once the net is full, the helicopter slowly flies to the beach.The air rescue team is back on duty again. In the course of the day, there are eight more emergencies. The daily record at the end of the day reads, “nothing unusual happens.”4. Which kind of person is more likely to have an accident in Copacabana?A. a man who cant swimB. a man who has nothing to worry aboutC. a man who fears the seaD. a man who was a doctor5. When the rescuer jumps into the sea to help the swimmer in danger, the helicopter will _A. fly to them as close as possibleB. fly over them and wait for ordersC. fly slowly to the beachD. fly to the hospital6. What can we infer from the text?A. The Copacabana is a bad place for swimmers.B. After the rescuers pick up the patient, they will send them to hospital.C. If there is no accident, the rescue team will record “nothing unusual happens ”.D. The helicopters of the rescue organization will fly tasks day and night.【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。在里约热内卢，科帕卡巴纳海滩无疑是世界上最著名的一个景点。当天气好的时候，这儿就变成了人们享受的地方，但里约的海滩对游泳者来说也有坏消息，因为海浪太大了，通常粗心大意或过于勇敢的游客可会出现一些溺水事故，因此救护成为这儿男人的主要工作。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team.” 海浪太大了。通常粗心大意或过于勇敢的游客必须由救援队从水中救出。由此可知，那些胆大非常大的人会出现危险事故。选项B（a man who has nothing to worry about）意为“什么也不怕的人”即是文章中的“over-courageous”，的转述。“over-courageous”即是“胆子非常大的，什么都不怕的人”，也故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From a height of ten meters above the water, Luis Carlos jumps into the sea close to the helpless swimmer. The pilot must slowly control the helicopter sideways and aim carefully. Once the net is full, the helicopter slowly flies to the beach.”可知，当救援人员跳入海里帮助处于危险中的游泳者时，直升机飞在他们上空等候命令，进行救援。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The daily record at the end of the day reads, “nothing unusual happens.”可知，如果没有事故发生，救援队将记录“没有异常情况发生”。分析选项可知C正确。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节理解是指原文提到了某事，某种现象或理论，题干一般针对原文具体叙述的事情本身提问。一般包括直接理解题，在原文中直接找到答案，常用why/what/when/who/how等提问。语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。语意转化题，需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在着表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工整理后方能得出结论）。抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键，也是做好其他类题的基础。如第1小题就是属于语言转述题，对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。根据“however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team.” 海浪太大了。通常粗心大意或过于勇敢的游客必须由救援队从水中救出。由此可知，那些胆大非常大的人会出现危险事故。选项B（a man who has nothing to worry about）意为“什么也不怕的人”即是文章中的“over-courageous”，的转述。“over-courageous”即是“胆子非常大的，什么都不怕的人”，也故选B。CWhen people go to the hospital to have a medical examination, sometimes doctors will ask them to have an X-ray or CT. What about a PET? PET stands for Positron Emission.Tomography（正电子成像素）. PET scanner（s 扫描仪）create 3-D images of what is happening in the body. Scientists are devloping this medical equipment that could tell them more about the human body, and help them develop more-effective treatments for cancer, heart disease and brain disorders. It would be the worlds first full-body PET scanner.Researchers are calling the large scanner that they are developing Explorer. It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before. PET scanners now give doctors images of only parts of the body.The U.S National Institutes of Health gave a research team at the University of California at Davis $ 15.5 million to build the scanner.Ramsey Badawi, a professor at UC Davis, says the scanner will give researchers new information about how human organs （器官）work together.“Were a system of organs and all the organs interact with each other. And weve never really been able to get that with imaging before, and now were going to be able to look at that. These images help us find out and follow diseases. The new scanner will help us do that even better.”Simon Cherry, another professor at UC Davis, says the PET scans can show the progress of both disease and medical treatments. “With PET scans were looking at function. Were actually able to say something about what the cells in the body are doing. He says the Explorer uses a much lower amount of radiation（辐射）than todays PET tests, and creates images more quickly. “So we can do scans in maybe 30 seconds that now take 20 minutes. Or we do scans under a very small radiation.”A complete view could help researchers develop new medicines that target diseases and parts of the body. It could help doctors reduce harmful side effects by following the movement of medicines through the body.The researchers hope to test the Explorer with humans in three years.7. What is the most obvious advantage of Explorer about the image it produces?A. It will give doctors images of human organs.B. It can offer doctors images of the whole human body.C. It will give doctors images of only parts of the body.D. It will give doctors images of better quality.8. What does the word “It” mean in the last but one paragraph?A. The bodyB. A new medicineC. A complete viewD. A disease9. Whats the authors attitude toward Explorer?A. DoubtfulB. PositiveC. SupportiveD. Objective10. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. PET scanners create 3-D images.B. Doctors will develop more effective treatments for cancer.C. The worlds first PET scanner will be put into use.D. A full-body PET scanner is being developed.【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. D【解析】本文为说明文。主要说明去医院进行体检时进行X光或CT检查时，可能会用的各种扫描仪进行了说明。【7题详解】细节理解题。第三段“It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before.”可知，这种扫描仪将给医务人员提供从未见过的整个人体的图像。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A complete view could help researchers develop new medicines that target diseases and parts of the body. It could help doctors reduce harmful side effects by following the movement of medicines through the body.”可知，此处是指“完整的观点可以帮助研究人员开发针对疾病和身体部位的新药。它可以帮助医生通过跟踪药物在体内的运动来减少有害的副作用” 。由此可推断出句中的“it”是指上一句中的“A complete view”，分析选项可知C正确。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before. PET scanners now give doctors images of only parts of the body.”。倒数第三段中的“He says the Explorer uses a much lower amount of radiation（辐射）than todays PET tests, and creates images more quickly. “So we can do scans in maybe 30 seconds that now take 20 minutes. Or we do scans under a very small radiation.”最后一段“The researchers hope to test the Explorer with humans in three years.”可知，本文的作者只是列举了一些人对Explorer的观点看法，因此是客观的。故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。本文第一段提出了如果到了医院 体检时，如果要你做PET会怎么样呢？接着在第二段中对PET进行了说明。尤其是第一段中的“Tomography（正电子成像素）. PET scanner（s 扫描仪）create 3-D images of what is happening in the body. Scientists are devloping this medical equipment t It would be the worlds first full-body PET scanner.”科学家们正在研制这种医疗设备，这将是世界上第一台全身宠物扫描仪。下面几段进行了详细的说明。因此可推断出.正在开发一种全身PET扫描仪。故选D。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Build the Skill of Understanding PeopleIts not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice._11_.It starts with watching.Try these ways to develop your observation skills._12_ Next time youre at the cafe, or on the bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what theyre doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up.Does she seem confident or stressed?Read books or watch movies that have realistic descriptions of human emotions. _13_ Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a charater did what he or she did.It improves with listening.Most of us rate ourselves as good listeners after all, listening seems like such a simple, basic thing to do. But often were so busy thinking of what we want to say that we dont listen as much as wed like.Practice listening well in everyday conversations._14_ Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show youre trying to understand your friends experience, like: “Oh, that must have felt amazing!” or “That must be upsetting for you.”_15_A. Observe what people around you like.B. Observe the behavior of people around you.C. Here are some tips for you to share the skill.D. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act.E. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying.F. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.G. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.【答案】11. F 12. B 13. D 14. E 15. G【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要说明如何通过练习来培养理解人的能力，即从观察开始，随着倾听而改善。【11题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本小题的上文可知，预测或理解别人的感受并不总是容易的。有些人在这方面比其他人强，但几乎每个人都可以通过练习来提高。文章对于练习“理解他人”的两点建议“It starts with watching.”和“It improves with listening.”可知，人们可通过“看和听”来培养理解他人。分析选项可知F项（理解他人就是观察和倾听）符合题意，故选F。【12题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“Try these ways to develop your observation skills” 尝试这些方法来培养你的观察技能。以及下文的内容可知，本段主要阐明要观察周围人的行为。分析选项可知B项（观察你周围人的行为）符合题意，故选B。【13题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本小题的下文“试着理解他人为什么会有这种感觉。根据这些情绪，预测一个人物接下来会做什么。或者看看你是否能解释为什么一个人物做了他或她所做的事。”可知，此段是指“要注意不同人物的感受和行为”。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【14题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本小题所在的小标题为“It improves with listening.”以及上文“Practice listening well in everyday conversations Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.”可知，倾听他人的话非常重要。分析选项可知E项（真的要注意对方说的话）符合题意，故选E。【15题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据“When a friend tells you about something try to imagine how he or she might have felt.”可知，如果你认真倾听，试着想象他或她可能有的感受，可能会知道他下一步会说什么。分析选项可知G项（你可能会发现你可以预测你的朋友接下来会说什么）符合题意，故选G。【点睛】七选五题型考察学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可从以下方面来做： （1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第2小题，。根据上一句“Try these ways to develop your observation skills” 尝试这些方法来培养你的观察技能。以及下文的内容可知，本段主要阐明要观察周围人的行为。分析选项可知B项（观察你周围人的行为）符合题意，故选B。（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项。第1小题，根据本小题的上文可知，预测或理解别人的感受并不总是容易的。有些人在这方面比其他人强，但几乎每个人都可以通过练习来提高。文章对于练习“理解他人”的两点建议“It starts with watching.”和“It improves with listening.”可知，人们可通过“看和听”来培养理解他人。分析选项可知F项（理解他人就是观察和倾听）符合题意，故选F。（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。最后，用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Within five minutes of meeting Olivia Ports, I knew she was a special teenager.I knew before she_16_ her guitar and performed a song. I knew before I found out how a(n)_17_ she was born with changed her childhood. And I knew before her mother told me Olivia performed recently in front of 1,200 people.In addition to her_18_musical talents, Olivia is just so friendly, funny and _19_to those who made her first show such a success. “She doesnt want the story to be about her,” said Olivias mother. But like all children_20_ chronic （慢性的） diseases, the “journey she has been on has made her stronger.” Olivia admits shes not like many kids of her age. _21_herself as a “little bit crazy”, she acts older than she is. She was born with a compromised immune system （缺乏抵抗力的免疫系统）. When she realized she would have to_22_her beloved gymnastics, she took up her moms old high school guitar and _23_herself to play. “I had to have something to do with so much_24_time,” she said. It was during a hospital visit that she met Classic