受限场地的安全施工.ppt

SAFE WORKING IN CONFINED SPACES 受限场地的安全施工,WHAT IS A CONFINED SPACE? 受限场地定义,Enclosed or partially enclosed space which:- 全封闭或部分封闭场地 is at atmospheric pressure 大气压力 not designed primarily as a place of work 非计划内工作场地 may have restricted entry and exit 或许有受限进出口 the atmosphere may contain harmful contaminants 大气中含有害污染物 may have unsafe oxygen levels may cause engulfment,CONFINED SPACE EXAMPLES 受限场地举例,Tank-like structures (eg. silos) 罐状结构（如：筒仓） Boilers and pressure vessels 汽锅，高压容器 pipes, sewers, shafts and similar structures (eg. Air ducting) 管道，下水道以及类似结构（如：气体管道） Open pits and sumps (eg. Trenches) 敞开的陷井与水坑（如，沟渠） Any space requiring entry through a small hatchway or access point Machinery spaces (eg. Boilers) 机械放置场地（汽锅）,CONFINED SPACE EXAMPLE 受限场地举例,CONFINED SPACE EXAMPLE 受限场地举例,DEFINITIONS 定义,Competent Person- A person trained in Confined spaces 资质人员-在受限场地接受培训的人员 Stand by Person监护人员- A person who has been trained & has been delegated to act as a observer。接受过监护培训或从事过监护员工作 Responsible Person- A person that is responsible for the testing and completion of the confined space permit and also signing off,SAFE WORKING IN A CONFINED SPACE 受限场地安全施工,Workplace Health & Safety Regulations requires compliance with: National and Project requirements 施工现场健康、安全规则的制定遵循国家和项目要求 Mandatory 强制性规定 Objective目地 - provide for the health & safety of all persons who enter confined spaces by preventing exposure to hazards which may be experienced & thereby prevent collapse, injury, illness or death arising from exposure to those hazards 确保进入受限场地所有人员的健康与安全，避免遭遇各种危险，例如崩塌、受伤、疾病、甚至死亡。,CONFINED SPACE ENTRY 受限场地进场,Managed under a permit system 管理遵循许可系统。 Entry defined as: Head or major part of body inside a confined space,TYPES OF HAZARDS,Oxygen Engulfment deficiency / excess缺氧/吸氧过多 Contaminated atmosphere受污染大气 Equipment设备 Use of Hazardous Chemicals危险化学用品的使用 Manual handling, Falls, slips and trips手工操作，跌落、滑倒、绊倒。 No. of persons entering confined space进场人数 Structural integrity Communication difficulties / poor lighting沟通不便/光线微弱 Potential energy潜在能量 Electrical电力 Fire / Explosion失火/爆炸 Noise噪音 Thermal 高温,EXTERNAL HAZARDS 外部危险,Welding焊接 Grit blasting / Painting磨砂/油漆 Exhaust fumes气体释放 Traffic (Moving Plant)运输（来往设备）,HAZARDS - PERSONAL FACTORS 危险-身体健康因素,Medical or physical conditions may not restrict ability to work - but in the event of an incident in a confined space, the following may be a factor, particularly if assistance is delayed: 医疗条件和身体状况或许不会影响工作。但是，若受限场地发生事故，下述病症都极其危险，救护不及时情况将更加严重。 High blood pressure / Heart disease or disorders高血压/心脏病 Asthma, bronchitis or other respiratory ailment哮喘，支气管炎以及其他呼吸类疾病。 Claustrophobia, other mental or nervous disorders幽闭恐怖症，其他精神类疾病。 Chronic joint pain (back, knees) or other mobility problems慢性关节炎（背部，膝关节） Vision impairment视力受损 Lack of sense of smell嗅觉不灵敏,HAZARD IDENTIFICATION PROCESS危险鉴定步骤,Identify confined space to be worked on 确认施工的受限场地 Identify work to be done 确认执行的工作 Identify if any work can be done outside the space (reduced time = reduced exposure) 确认是否有工作可以在受限场地外完成（减少时间=减少暴露） Identify different work methods that may be used (select method with the least hazards) 确认不同工作方法（选择最安全的方法） Identify ALL hazards likely to be encountered 确认可能遇到的所有危险 Identify site procedures for emergency / rescue 确认急救/救护的现场程序。,HAZARD CONTROL PROCESS 危险控制步骤,Hierarchy of Control控制层次 Elimination Substitution Isolation隔离 Engineering Controls Administrative Controls管理控制 Personal Protective Equipment个人劳保用品,RISK ASSESSMENT,Assess:评估 Risk of engulfment Access and Egress进口与出口 Ventilation通风 Oxygen levels氧气指数 Flammable materials易燃物 Toxic materials有毒物品 Heat / humidity高温/湿度 Other factors其他因素 Requirement for monitoring监测要求 Control measures to ensure safe atmosphere安全大气测量控制 Energy sources to be isolated隔离能量源 Requirement for standby对监护人员的要求 Ensure JSA is completed as well 确保完整的安全施工分析。,ISOLATION,All potentially hazardous services normally connected to prevent introduction of contaminants Physical break in pipework Removal of section Spades Blinds,Energy source of equipment that if started may pose a risk Isolation Permit Appropriate locks, chains & tags,PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 个人劳保用品,In addition to normal site PPE: Hard Hat Safety footwear Long clothing (fully covering arms & legs) Eye protection Gloves,any additional / specialised PPE identified through the risk assessment must be specified on the Permit,PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT,Protective Clothing Disposable overalls Impervious (gas tight) suits,Eye Protection Face shield Mono-goggles,Special gloves Respiratory protection Canister types Airline breathing apparatus Self contained breathing apparatus,Harness & Lanyard,CONFINED SPACE PERMIT SYSTEM 受限场地进场许可系统,Training 培训 Permit Form 许可形式 Testing & Checking 测试与检验 Recording 记录 Personal Identification 身份证 At the CSPC confined spaces are registered / numbered and must be signs posted 在CSPC已注册或编号的受限场地必须注明,CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT 受限场地进场许可,Permit Form Describes the confined space Prescribes actions to taken before entry Lists precautions to be observed on entry列出入场需防备事项 Authority for entry (signed)未经许可，不得入内 Record of compliance入场记录,Permit required for each separate confined space每个受限场地都要求入场许可 Must be visible at entry point必须在入口处接受检查。 Valid for times & dates stated on permit providing all conditions remain the same as at the time of the original testing May also require an excavation permit或许也要求挖掘许可证,CONFINED SPACES PERMITS,CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT 受限场地进场许可,Read & Understand the Permit 解读许可证 Ensure all isolations have been satisfactorily done 确保做好隔离工作 Ensure confined space is ready to work on (opened, cleaned, ventilated etc.) 确保受限场地适于施工（整洁，通风等等） Ensure atmospheric testing has been recorded 确保记录大气测试 Ensure permit is signed 确认有效入场许可证 If unsure about any detail - ask for permit to be re-checked. 有任何不清楚的细节可以要求重新检查许可证,Once job is complete ensure permit is returned for cancellation 完工之后确保回收所有入场许可证 Permit, entry log and risk assessments must be kept on file for 5 years (by law) 许可证，进场记录，以及危险评估必须存档5年（根据法律）,ATMOSPHERIC TESTING 大气检验,Gas testing equipment used on this site is set up to record: Oxygen level (must be at atmospheric 19.5%-23.5%) 氧气含量（19.5%-23.5%) Flammable / Combustible level (5%) 易燃气体(小于5%) Carbon Monoxide level (30p.p.m.) 一氧化碳(小于30P.P.M) Hydrogen Sulphide level (10p.p.m.) 硫化氢(小于10P.P.M) If the above conditions are not met - permit will not be issued 如果没有达到上述条件-将不得签发许可证.,WARNING 警告,Tests & checks performed only indicate: 检测与核查应该在指示下执行 At the time of testing the results noted on the form were obtained 检测期间,必须将检测结果登记在表格上 Conditions & precautions prescribed were met or in place 条件和规定的预防措施相符,BE AWARE THAT CONDITIONS MAY CHANGE 必须意识到条件随时变化,ENTRY PROCESS 进场程序,Read & understand the permit, risk assessment & JHA 解读许可证,危险评估以及安全施工分析. Ensure conditions set down are complied with Check Stand by person is present (if specified) 确定监护人员在场 Print & sign your name on the ENTRY LOG SHEET (each time you enter / exit the space) 入场或离场必须签名 Work to conditions set down on permit,ENTRY PROCESS 进场步骤,If you suspect conditions have changed or you smell unusual odours: 当你觉察到条件变化或有不寻常的预感时 Stop work & warn others 停止施工,并警告其他人 Leave the confined space immediately & report to your supervisor 立刻离开受限场地并通知你的主管 Place a sentry / barricade 设立岗哨或路障 Do not re-enter until confined space has been re-checked & tested 在重新检查受限场地之前不得进入场内,STAND by PERSON 监护人员 (IF SPECIFIED),Must be trained in Confined Space Safety 必须接受受限场地安全培训 Must be present at entry point at all times 必须在入口处执岗 Must be relieved by another trained watch before leaving their post 离开岗位之后必须由另一位受训人员接替上岗 Must ensure all persons have left the confined space before leaving their post 必须在确定所有受限人员离开受限场地才能离开岗位,STAND by PERSON 监护人员,DUTIES职责 Monitor activities inside space监护场内行动 Call for assistance (if required)寻求援助 Check details of Permit检查许可证 Be alert to changing conditions (inside & out) 对现场内外环境的变化保持高度警惕 Maintain Entry Log Sheet 管理入场记录 Understand all emergency & alarm procedures 熟知所有急救及警报程序 Maintain good housekeeping 保持文明施工 Check gear & tools for soundness In an emergency ensure all persons accounted for (verify with Entry Log,STAND by PERSON 监护人员,If breathing apparatus is specified on the permit Stand by Person must be trained in BA (to understand the precautions involved with BA) It is a good idea if Stand by Person is trained in First Aid (they are the first person someone will come into contact with when they exit the confined space) NO PERSON MAY ENTER A CONFINED SPACE UNLESS THEY HAVE BEEN TRAINED (Stand by Person / Responsible Person to check),Stand by Person 监护人员,EMERGENCY ACTIONS 紧急措施 If a person collapses in a Confined Space, the Stand by Person must raise the alarm 如果有人在受限场地发生事故，监护员必须拉响警报。 DO NOT attempt rescue 禁止现场救助 It usually takes more than one person to carry out a rescue 通常一人以上才可救助 Would be rescuers too often become casualties May not be trained in Confined Space Rescue 救助者或许没有受过现场急救培训 Needed to direct Emergency Team to location 应该直接送往当地急救处,COMMUNICATIONS 联系,Maintain communication between the Stand by Person & those inside the confined space: 保持监护员和进入受限场地施工人员之间的联系 Where direct observation is not possible, another method is to be used (Radio, voice, hand signals, lifeline signals, etc.) 在无法直接观测的工作场地，可以采用其他的方法（无线电， 声音，手势，救生信号等等）,Stand by Person to have means of communication with Emergency Team 监护员必须与急救组织保持联系。,SITE EMERGENCY PROCEDURE 现场急救程序,Gain attention (Emergency Emergency Emergency) 引起注意。 Give your name 报上你的姓名 Give your location (as specified on the Permit) 指出事故发生地 If possible, identify what has happened, how many involved, injuries etc. 如果可能详细阐述事件发生过程（涉及多少人，多少人受伤等等） Identify what help may be required Confirm message is understood (ask for it to be read back to you) 确保信息清晰易懂,CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCIES,Ensure rescue plan is in place & ALL persons know how to activate plan (if no plan exists or the existing lacks substance, a formal plan must be prepared) Openings for entry/exit must be of adequate size to permit rescue (not obstructed by fittings or equipment) - if not a suitable alternative must be provided DO NOT ENTER in an emergency - wait for Emergency Team (the spontaneous reaction to rush in & attempt rescue may lead to death or serious injury),CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCIES 受限场地紧急事件,FIRE火灾 Removal of any one element will extinguish fire 清理任何可能引起火灾的物品 Most extinguishers interfere with oxygen content - space will become oxygen deficient Smoke will affect visibility, toxic fumes may be given off, respiration may be hampered 烟雾影响可见度，释放有毒气体，阻碍呼吸 Ensure fire cannot start - maintain good housekeeping 保持文明施工杜绝火灾 (keep combustibles away from hot work, wet areas down, contain sparks & slag),OXYGEN氧,IGNITION点燃,FUEL燃料,Excavation and Trenching,挖掘与挖沟,Excavation and Trenching 挖掘与挖沟,Never Start an excavation without an Excavation Permit 只有取得挖掘许可证才可以挖掘 Always get an excavation permit before you dig or drive anything into the ground. 未得到挖掘许可证之前不得动土挖掘或下埋设备。 Always use barricades to site standards around all excavations to protect employees. Use lights and signs where necessary. 挖掘地点的四周应围上护栏，做为临时防御工事保护施工人员，如果需要还可使用指示灯或标识 Always replace barricades as soon as possible after movement of material or machine through it. 原材料或机器装置运过护栏之后，应该立刻重新安装。 Always have safe access,