考研英语透析-英语入学测试卷解析

英语入学测试卷解析 完形填空完形填空 in the light : 根据，按照 by virtue : 由于 with the exception : 除了 for the purpose: 为了目的 pay attention to: 注意 catch sight of: 发现，看到 lay emphasis on: 重视 cast light on: 阐明，使人了解 翻译翻译 长难句四步法： 1. 确定主干 2. 切分句子成分 3. 各成分翻译成句 4. 调整语序，斟酌语言 翻译翻译 如何确定主干： 1. 看标点符号 2. 找动词 3. 找that以及wh- 连词 4. 确定句子的谓语和主语 翻译翻译 11. He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 翻译翻译 他（达尔文）认为，正是因为这个困难， 他不得不对自己要说的每句话都经过长时 间的认真思考，从而使自己能够发现自己 在推理和观察中的错误，这样一来，这种 困难反而成了他的优势。 翻译翻译 12. He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 翻译翻译 达尔文还坚持认为，自己进行长时间纯抽象 思维的能力十分有限，出于这个原因，他 确信自己在数学方面根本不可能有所建树。 翻译翻译 On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. 倒装：he did not accept the charge as well founded. 翻译翻译 另一方面，有人批评他尽管善于 观察，但却不具备推理能力，而他认 为这种说法是毫无根据的。 翻译翻译 He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.” 翻译翻译 他谦虚的补充道，或许自己“只 是比普通人更擅长注意到那些容易被 忽视的事情，且善于对其进行仔细的 观察”罢了。 翻译翻译 Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 翻译翻译 达尔文深信，没有了这些爱好不 只是少了乐趣，而且还可能对一个人 的智力有害，甚至可能会导致其道德 品质的沦丧。 阅读理解阅读理解 做题顺序做题顺序：1.先看题 2.看文做题交叉进行(题目顺 序和文章顺序一致) 3.核对揣摩答案 阅读理解阅读理解 第一篇第一篇： 选自“Time”, 原题为 “Spies like us” (像我们一样的间谍)。文章引 用Straitford公司为典型例子，探讨互 联网对间谍工作带来的影响。 阅读理解阅读理解 第二篇第二篇： 选自“Science”, 原题为 “Animal rights: reaching the public” (动物权利： 让公众真正了解)。作者在文中举例说明 许多动物权益保护者并不了解生物医学的 真实情况和意义，而一味的反对生物医学， 使广大群众也受到了蒙蔽。针对此，作者 指出科学家应采取措施与大众多交流，避 免由于人们的无知而阻碍了生物医学的发 展。 阅读理解阅读理解 Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. 主干：the health research community should recruit sb to its cause. 阅读理解阅读理解 第三篇第三篇： 这是一篇关于铁路公司合并可 能引起垄断的文章。作者在文中分别 对支持和反对方的观点进行论述和总 结。 阅读理解阅读理解 Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme case. 阅读理解阅读理解 第四篇第四篇： 选自“Newsweek”, 原题为 “The best health care goes only so far” (最好 的医疗保健也只能到此为止)。这是探讨 医疗上花费大量财力去延缓自然死亡是否 值得的文章。作者先从死亡的不可避免性 入手，指出耗费大量财力去延缓自然死亡 是不可取的，但同时作者亦指出歧视和放 弃对老人的照顾也是不对的。最后通过与 其它国家比较，得出一个解决方法：更多 的研究提高人们生活质量的普通方法。 阅读理解阅读理解 Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if its useless. 小作文 n大纲要求：考生根据所给情景写出约大纲要求：考生根据所给情景写出约100词词 (标点符号不计算在内标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括的应用性短文，包括 私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。 n应用性短文：辞职信、求职信、应用性短文：辞职信、求职信、建议信建议信、 咨询信、申请信、咨询信、申请信、推荐信推荐信 小作文 n书信格式书信格式是自2005年试题以来最主要的考察对象，书信的完整结构：称呼、正文、结 束语、署名等。（考研英语中书信类不要求写日期） n称呼：称呼： Note: 称呼后不用冒号，而用逗号 1. 写给不认识的团体、组织或机构的负责人 Dear Sir or Madam / To Whom It May Concern 2. 写给认识的团体、组织或机构的负责人 Dear Mr. Wang， Dear Mr. / Ms. President/ Professor/ Manager 3. 写给不太熟悉的个人 （同2） 4. 写给熟悉的个人 Dear Mary/ Dear John (直呼其名) n正文：正文： 条理清晰，简明准确。 一般78句，35个关联词，35个从句，首位两段套用一些固定的句型。 n结束语：结束语： 表示礼节的套语，写在正文下面两三行处的右侧 第一个词的开头字母大写，末尾用逗号： Yours sincerely/ truly, n署名：署名： 一致为“Li Ming” 小作文 正文 第一段：直截了当提出写信背景和目的 第二段：具体的建议内容（至少写3点建议） 第三段：期待回复，表示感谢 小作文 Dear Sir or Madam， I, as your faithful reader, am writing this letter to suggest that plastic bags should be restricted in our daily life. However, to my surprise and sadness, I have found that disposable plastic bags are still widely used in some areas just because people are unwilling to change their old habits, thus causing their surroundings to be even worse. 小作文 To solve this serious problems, I would like to put forward a couple of practical suggestions. Above all, our country should establish a strong agency to limit the production of those bags and monitor the use of them. Furthermore, some other choices should be advocated to replace plastic bags with paper or bamboo ones. Finally, consumers should pay for the use of plastic bags so as to enhance their consciousness of environmental protection. I really hope my suggestions would attract your due attention and receive an early reply. Yours Sincerely, Li Ming 小作文 To solve this serious problems, I would like to put forward a couple of practical suggestions. Above all, our country should establish a strong agency to limit the production of those bags and monitor the use of them. Furthermore, some other choices should be advocated to replace plastic bags with paper or bamboo ones. Finally, consumers should pay for the use of plastic bags so as to enhance their consciousness of environmental protection. I really hope my suggestions would attract your due attention and receive an early reply. Yours Sincerely, Li Ming 大作文 英语一：图画作文 英语二：图表作文 经典三段落经典三段落 第一段：描述图画情节（图标趋势） 第二段：提出论点，分析现象原因/ 分析现象影响 第三段：提出对策建议 大作文 第一段：对蜘蛛网和上网的人群进行客观描 述。可稍加点评，指出人们通过网络去沟 通却又被蜘蛛网隔开的现象。 第二段：提出论点：网络有利有弊。分别阐 述。 第三段：适度上网，不能过度。 大作文 As is vividly depicted in the drawing, in front of computers and in narrow spaces are sitting many people, exchanging their views with each other by surfing the Internet. The painters intention seems to be highly self-evident and the meaning causes us to be thought-provoking. 大作文 The metaphoric and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet :the spider web undoubtedly serves as a symbol of Internet, both connecting people and isolating them from each other. On the one hand, the great impacts and benefits of Internet cant be too estimated. It is the Internet that makes our big world become a global village. On the other hand, as a growing number of individuals are addicted to the Internet, they are gradually indulged in the virtual world, unwilling to go into the real society. As a consequence, they become indifferent to their friends, neighbors, as well as relatives. 大作文 Therefore, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from addiction. After all, Internet is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach. 第二部分：第二部分： 考研英语大纲解析考研英语大纲解析 考研英语大纲解析 n2017考研英语(一、二)纲要在2016年9月13日发 布 n一、词汇 大纲中明确要求“考生应能掌握5500左右的 词汇以及相关词组。除掌握词汇的基本含义外， 考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、 近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系， 如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等； 掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀 等。” 考研英语大纲解析 n二、完形填空 完形填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理 解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上 对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查， 这是对完形填空的定位。 考察重点：考察重点： 语法、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系 考研英语大纲解析 n二、阅读理解 PART A 每次考试最稳定的就是四选一的阅读理解题。根据2017大纲，文章来源依旧是英语 国家原版报刊或书籍，绝大多数是评论性的文章（即除文学作品以外的其他类型的短 文）。 从语言难度来看，历年的阅读文章无论从词汇方面还是从句子方面都是有一定难 度的，命题侧重考查了推理判断题以及细节事实题。2017年的阅读难度依旧，文章读 起来不会很容易，选项仍然会很“刁”。生词依然存在，但其比例仍然维持在3%左右。 命题的风格、诱惑手段和解题思路也会和往年一致。 备考重点：备考重点： 1.平时要多注重阅读一些英美经济文化科技方面