仁爱版八年级下7-8单元知识点.doc

Unit 7 topic 1 1 know about 了解 know 知道，认识2 have / hold / organize the food festival 举办美食节3 make / raise / collect money 筹钱 earn money 赚钱4 turn to sb for help 寻求某人的帮助 turn to(sb/sth)转向某人；求助于5 make a poster 制作海报6 chat with 和聊天eg:I often chat with my parents on weekends.7 think over 仔细考虑 think of 考虑，对有看法 think about考虑8 make it successful 使之成功，复合宾语的结构make sth/sb+adj9 need to do 需要做某事 need后接动词原形是情态动词，接动词不定式（to do）的时候是实意动词10 make money for ones family 为某人的家庭筹钱11 have a sweet teeth = like eating sweet food 喜欢吃甜食12 western food 西方食物 Chinese food 中餐13 good enough 足够好 注：enough修饰形容词或副词时，enough置于被修饰词的后面，enough修饰名词时可置于前面也可置于后面14 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人作某事 invite sb to +place邀请某人去15 never mind = it doesnt matter 没关系16 hold on,please!请稍等，请别挂断！ hold the line 占线17 finish doing sth 完成做某事18 be pleased / happy to 对感到高兴 be pleased /satisfied with 对感到满意19 keep up 继续 keep up the good work继续好好干20 in order to = so that 为了 21 hope to do sth 希望做某事 hope that 希望后接宾语从句 wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做 best wishes 最好的祝愿 Give my best wishes to your teacher.22 supply sth to / for sb 提供某人某物supply sb with sth提供某人某物 23 Lets make his dream come true.让我们帮他梦想成真吧！24 enjoy sth享用某物 enjoy doing sth 喜欢干enjoy oneself 玩得高兴25 make an invitation to sb给某人写请柬invitation是invite的名词26 have/hold a sports meeting 举办运动会27 try ones best=do ones best 尽某人最大努力28 It is a pleasure./My pleasure!That is OK!That is all right!You are welcome.不用谢！都是用于感谢的应答语。29 send/give/pass/lend/write/show后面都可以接双宾语，其形式例如：give sb sth/give sth to sb 把某物给某人30 make sb sth(双宾)=make sth for sb 还可以接这样形式的还有buy,draw,sing,get这些词后面都可以接这样的双宾语31 host by由 主办 host by sb 有某人主办Unit 7 Topic 2 1 V+adv. 在此是副词修饰动词 cutfinely addslowly2 make sth for sb 为某人做.3 be glad/ happy / afraid / sure that后接的都是宾语从句4 be proud of = take pride in 为感到骄傲/自豪5 fill with用装满 70%-80% full 七八成满6 be tired of sth/sb/doing sth对某事/某人/做某事感到厌烦7 for the first time 第一次 spreadon往上涂抹8 had better 最好 （后面接动词原形）9 at the table 在桌子旁 at table 在用餐10 drink to sb 与某人干杯11 take a sip 喝一小口 start with以开始 12 remember to do sth记着去做某事（表示动作还没有发生 ） remember doing sth记得做过某事（表示动作已经发生） remember not to do 记着不去做某事 forget to do sth 忘了去做（表示动作还没有发生 ） forget doing sth 忘了做过（表示动作已经发生）13 too much 修饰不可数名词 much too 修饰形容词的副词too many 修饰可数名词的复数14 around the world = all over the world 全世界，世界各地15 pick up 捡起，拾起；搭载；接收，收到16 both of 两者都 （后加复数）toth A and B A和B都17 at the same time 同时18 cut up the ham 切碎火腿 cut off 关（机器），切断（电路）19 try on试穿 try out试验， 试 try doing sth试着做某事 try to do sth=try ones best to do sth=do ones best to do sth尽力做某事Unit 7 Topic 3 1 welcome to 欢迎来到2 be on sale 在出售3 such as 例如 for example 例如4 a table for two 两人一桌 a family of three 三人一家5 take a seat = sit down 坐下6 a bottle of 一瓶 a cup of 一杯 two bowls of 两碗7 have / pay / get the bill 付帐 Could I have the bill?我可以结帐吗？8 Heres your change. 找你零钱！change在此是名词 change 还可以是动词，与其相关的一些短语有 change ones mind 改变某人的主意 changeinto 把换成.9 in twenty minutes 二十分钟以后 in ten years 在十年以后介词in+时间段之后，一般与将来时态连用10 just a little 一点点表示数量11 go well 进展顺利 work hard 努力工作12 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食13 Its said /reported that 据说/据报道 Its known that据了解14 not only but also 不但而且 15 not all 并非所有16 the + 比较级the + 比较级 表示“越，越17 enjoy oneself=have a good /nice/wonderful time=have fun玩的高兴18 This way ,please.=Please come this way.请这边走19 else 别的，其他的 常用来修饰疑问词和不定代词，else都是放在这些词之后，例如：who else anything else 等等20 main courses 主菜 a small dish 小菜 main food 主食21 different kinds of 不同种类的22 cut the meat 切肉 fry the fish 炸鱼add the rice 加饭 eat the soup 喝汤 eat the beef curry 吃牛肉咖喱 serve the food上菜Unit 8 Topic 1 1 buy sth for sb 买给某人 make,draw,sing,get这些词后面都可以接这样的双宾语2 so that 其中so是副词其结构是so+adj/adv+that从句 so 因此 so that 以便，为的是 可以引导目的状语从句或目的状语从句 suchthat 其结构是(1)such+a(n)+adj+可数名词单数+that从句 (2) such+adj+可数名词复数+that从句 (3) such+adj+不可数名词+that从句3 have a class fashion show 举行班级时装秀4 have time = be free 空闲 spare time 空闲时间5 on the first/second/third floor 在第一/二/三楼6 would like to do sth 想要做某事 would like sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 would like sth 喜欢某物7 be made of 由制成（从成品能够看出原材料） be made from 由制成（ 从成品上看不出原材料） be made in 由哪儿制造 be made up of 由组成8 though / although 虽然，但是 注意：有了这两个词就不能用but 9 depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于10 the same as 和.一样 be different from 与不一样 the same style / way of 相同款式11 according to 根据，按照12 catch ones eye 引起某人的注意13 in warm /30water 温水 on low heat 低温14 protect from 保护免受15 tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于什么事 tell about 讲关于的内容 16 know from 从得知17 as the saying goes 正如谚语所说18 You are what you wear. 该句子是表语从句，译：衣如其人19 as well 也 同样 又 与too,also同义。注意下面的例句中其不同的位置。He is a scientist,and he is a poet as well.=He is a scientist,and he is a poet,too.=He is a scientist,and he is also a poet.他是一位科学家，也是一位诗人。20 It is said that据说 It is reported that据说，据报道Unit 8 Topic 2 1 make sth for sb 给某人做该词后面接的是双宾语2 look ugly on sb 穿在某人身上会很难看 3 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事4 Its +adj +that =Its +adj+for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说5 agree with sb 同意某人6 be glad to do sth 乐意做某事7 carry out 执行，实施，履行 out of work失业8 be at work （人）在工作，（机器）在运转；从事于，忙于9 in danger 处于危险，在危险中 out of danger脱离危险10 stopfrom doing =preventfrom阻止干某事11 at /in the office 在办公室12 wear a suit 穿套装13 take off 脱下；起飞 put on 穿上 表示动作14 on every occasion在每一个场合on different occasions在不同的场合15 dress sb /oneself /in 表示穿某种类型的衣服wear表示状态 dress up化装,打扮 dress sb up为某人打扮16 help to protect them 帮助保护他们 17 at other times 在其他时候 18 write a letter to sb =write sb a letter 给某人写信 hear from =get a letter from sb 收到某人的来信19 give sb some advice 给某人一些建议20 in dark / light /warm / cold color 穿深色/浅色/暖色/冷色的衣服 21 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advice是不可数名词22 tell sb about向某人讲述tell sb sth告诉某人某事Unit 8 Topic 3 1 there is going to be 这是there be 结构的将来时的结构2 show/ model the clothes 展示时装3 pants with two pockets dress带有两个兜的裤子 with white buttons带有白色纽扣的with是“有，带着（某物）”的意思其构成的介词短语往往做后置定语。其反义词是without4 Here come the models. 这是一个倒装句译：模特们登场了。5 in the center of 在的中央 in the middle of 在的中间6 another three young women再有三个女人another“又一个，再一个”，其结构是：another+单数名词，another+数词+可数名词的复数7 as for 至于.用于开始谈论某人或某事8 the others（三个以上之中）其余的人（或物）the other其他的9 know 认识，了解，熟悉know about了解，知道的情况 know of知道（有），听说过，后接表示人或者事物的名词 10 be full of 充满了 be filled with充满了11 stand for 代表，象征 a symble of 的象征12 got its name得名13 be different from 不同于 be the same as 相同14 design as 按来设计，其通用结构是be designed as be designed for为而设计15 both and 两者都 not only but also 不但而且16 the item of 的部件，零件17 eitheror 要么.要么18 at one time（过去）有一个时期，一度，曾经at a time 一次，每次19 有少数动词用现在进行时态来表示将来如：go(去) ,come(来)，leave(启程)，arrive（到达）等20 known是know的过去分词形式，可以做形容词用。意为“大家知道的，已知的，知名的”其用法主要有be known to 为所熟知，be known for因而出名21 except except for和 besides 都有“除之外”的意思 except译为：“从整体中除去一部分”。一般不放在句首 except for译为：“把某一点除外”，通常指所除去的和提到的并非同一类事物。可以放在句首。 besides 译为：“除之外还有”相当于as well as,in addition toUnit 5语法1. Linking verb + adjective 系动词+形容词,构成系表结构.系动词：be (是)feel look sound taste turn get become smell seem 等等eg :The food tastes delious.2. hope 与wish 的比较都与that引导的从句连用Hope常用于将来时表可能实现的愿望 Wish常用于过去式表示不可能实现的愿望eg : I hope that you will be happy. I wish that you could be happy.3. 动词-ing 和-ed形式作主语补语的区别动词-ing表示主语的特征，常用于事物动词-ed表示主语的状态，常用于人这类词有：interest move active disappoint excite surprise frighten bore等等eg：The game is interesting. I am interested in the game.4表示能力的词Could 表示过去的能力 Can表示现在的能力 be able to 表示过去，现在，将来任何时候的能力将来时态（shall will be able to-）5. 原因状语从句引导词：because since so 等，但是因为，所以不能同时出现eg：He is ill, so he isnt able to come. She is lonely because she has no friends to talk with. Since she is very strict with herself ,she is unhappy.6. always常用于一般现在时表示频繁发生的动作但与现在进行时态连用表是厌恶，责备，赞扬的语气eg: She is always talking about money.7. cant 表示一种否定的推测You cant have SARS. must 表示一种肯定的推测It must be sunny day tomorrow8. 使役动词（让使）make let have 的用法make +宾语(省约to 的不定式)动词make+宾语名词We make him team leader.make +宾语形容词It make me happy.Let+宾语(省约to 的不定式)动词.Have+宾语+(省约to 的不定式)动词Father let me watch TV tomorrow afternoon. 爸爸让我明天下午看电视。9. 英语语法as.as、soas、sothat和tooto的用法区别soas只用于否定句，asas不但可用于肯定句，还可用于否定句asas中的第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词的原形;第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句. eg:Jack is as tall as you. 杰克和你一样高. Jim is not so/as brave as you. 吉姆不如你聪明.sothat 如此以至于(只能引导结果状语从句,的后面多接形容词、副词或分词,后接句子. 例如:The house was so crowded that I could hardly turned around. 屋里很挤,我几乎都无法转身了.tooto 太以至于不能(too为副词,后接形容词或者副词,to为不定式的标志,这个不定式短语本身带有否定含义.) 例如:The box is too heavy for her to carry it. 对于她来说,这个箱子太重了,以至于她搬不动.10. few ; a few ; little; a little的用法和区别. (a) few与 (a) little的区别 从所修饰的名词来看：(a) few后接可数名词，且要用复数形式；(a) little后接不可数名词。如：We had little time to do it. 我们没什么时间做此事。Theres only a little soup left. 只剩下一点儿汤了。He has few friends. 他朋友很少。Ill only be away a few minutes. 我只离开几分钟。从所表示的意思来看：上面提到，两者均可表示数量，其主要区别是，(a) few后接可数名词，(a) little后接不可数名词。但是，(a) little还可表示大小。如：Please accept this little gift请接受这件小小的礼物。注意体会下面两句，前面的little表示形状或个子“小”，后面的little表示数量“少”：The little boy is very busy. He has little time to play. 这个小男孩很忙，他很少有时间玩。Its a little animal. It eats only a little food. 那是一个小动物，它只吃一点点食物。 从各自的词性来看：在词性方面，两者的共同点是，均可用作形容词或代词；其不同点是，(a) little 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语。如：He is a little tired. 他有点累了。They are a little bit better now. 现在他们稍好一点了。You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。She was only a little over fifty years old她才五十多一点。有 a 与没有 a 的区别不带 a 的little和few 含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有，强调“少”；带有a 的little和few含有肯定意义，表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有，强调“有”。比较：Few people like such things. 没什么人喜欢那样的东西。A few people like such things. 有少数人喜欢那样的东西。He knows little English. 他几乎不懂英语。He knows a little English. 他懂一点点英语。注意，当few前不带 a，但带有the, some these, those等修饰语时，也表示肯定意义。如：Some few have already left. 有几个已经离开了。The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天都很冷。The first few chapters are about his early days前几章谈他的少年时期。思维拓展注意两者比较级和最高级的用法及区别：little的比较级和最高级分别为less和least，few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。如：Boys think less about dress than girls do. 男孩子不像女孩子那样爱打扮。11.系动词的用法 连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词,或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。 二、分类 1. 存在类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调存在。常见的有:be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。例如: The story sounds true. Those oranges taste good. 2. 持续类:表示某种情况或