人教版高一英语必修一Unit-1--Friendship知识点详解和练习试卷.doc

Unit 1 Friendship一、语法直接引语和间接引语(1) 陈述句的转换直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时用连词that(that在口语中常省略)引导，其人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词作相应的变化。若引述动词用的是saytosb.通常改为tellsb；若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，要注意在第二个宾语从句前加连词that，引导第一个宾语从句的that可省，但引导第二个从句的that通常不省。例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时-一般过去时He said,“I walk to school.”“Ihopeyoucancome,”hesaidtome.He said that he walk to school.HetoldmethathehopedIcouldgo.现在进行时-过去进行时He said,“I am walking to school. ”He said that he was walking to school.现在完成时-过去完成时He said,“I have walked to school.”Jennysaid,“Ihavelostabook.”He said that he had walked to school.Jennysaidshehadlostabook.一般过去时-过去完成时He said,“I walked to school.”“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”He said that he had walked to school.HetoldmehehadbrokenmyCDplayer.过去完成时-过去完成时(不变)He said,“I had walked to school.”He said that he had walked to school.一般将来时-过去将来时He said,“I will walk to school.”Mumsaid,“Illgotoseeafriend.”He said that he would walk to school.Mumsaidshewouldgotoseeafriend.个别动词，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语的变化thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforethis evening that eveningtomorrowthe next daylast weekthe week beforenext weekthe next weekagobeforeheretherethis placethat placecomegotwodays(years)agotwodays(years)before;thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore;（2）一般疑问句的转换直接引语为一般疑问句时，变为间接引语时用if或whether引导，语序为陈述句语序；若谓语动词后没有间接宾语，加上间接宾语me,him,her,us等。1)“Haveyoubeenthere?”heasked.Heaskedmeif/whetherIhadbeenthere.2)Heasked,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”HeaskedmeifIwasinterestedinEnglish.3)Hesaid,“Canyourun,Mike?”HeaskedMikewhether/ifhecouldrun.(3)特殊疑问句的转换直接引语为特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语用疑问词作为连词，构成宾语从句，语序为陈述语序，若直接引语的动词为say，改为ask。1)Hesaid,“Jim,whenisthenexttrain?”HeaskedJimwhenthenexttrainwas.2)Heaskedme,“Whydidyoudoit?”HeaskedmewhyIhaddoneit.（4）.祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order,beg等)*(not)todosth.”句型。如：“Passmethewater,please.”saidhe.Heaskedhimtopassherthewater.（5）.直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：Shesaid,“Letsgotothecinema.”Shesuggestedgoingtothecinema.或Shesuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.二、选择题1、Since Margot found it difficult to settle in a new place, she felt _ that the family had to move. A. upset B. crazy C. happy D. easy2、When I came _ with the teenager, I was surprised to find him _covered with dust. A. face-to-face; entirely B. face to face; entire C. in face of; completely D. face to face; entirely 3、It was in 1969 _ two Americans went to the moon by spaceship.A. when B. that C. at that time D. just then4、The heavy rain made his business _ a great loss.A. sufferB. suffer from C. suffering D. suffering from5、I am tired _ the partner I have been working with; he is too hard a person_. A. with; to get along with B. from; to be got along with C. of; to get along with D. of; getting along with 6、When I met her this morning, I went up to greet her but I _ and she continued her way. A. was kept away B. was ignored C. was left alone D. was kept away 7、Remember never to leave your dog _. It might bite people around. A. lose B. lost C. losing D. loose 8、The hostess left the money on the table _purpose to test the honesty of her maid. A. with B. in C. on D. for 9、Some children are too selfish today. They should be taught to _things with others so that they will show concern for others. A. live B. give C . share D. enjoy 10、_improve her English, Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself. A. So as to B. In order that C. So that D. In order to 三、将下列各句转化为间接引语1.Susansaidtohersister,“Iwillturnonthelightforyou.”Susantoldhersister.2.Hesaidtome,“Iamgoingtohavemyhaircuttoday.”Hetoldme.3.Herhusbandaskedher,“Doesthedressfit?”Herhusbandaskedher.4.MrLiusaidtothestudents,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”MrLiutoldthestudents.5.Sheasked,“Whatdidyoudoyesterday?”Sheasked.四.完形填空“Sheisa1.”Myheartachedwhenmybestfriendsaidthat.Howcouldshe?Mybestfriend,Cathy.Irandownthehall,notwantingtolook2.Iwantedtoforgeteverything.Thenextday,Ifacedmybestfriend.“Whydidyousaythatyesterday?”shelookedatme3.“Whatareyoutalkingabout?Ifitwasaboutyesterday,Iwasjustjoking!”shereplied.Ibelievedwhatshehadsaid.Afewdaysafterthat,Ifellill.I4onthebed,staringatthephone.Ring!Yes!Shefinallycalled!“Hello?Cathy?”Ishoutedintothephone.Asoftvoicecalledout.“ErmmNo.Itsme,Cindy.”Greatdisappointment5me.Wetalkedafewminutesandshehungup.Thenextday,Iwas6again.IwentroundthewholeschoollookingforCathy.“Canyoubelieveit?ShethoughtthatIwouldreallybeherfriend.”Cathysvoiceroselouderwitheachword.Iwas7thatshewouldburstoutlaughing,sayingshewasjoking.Shedid.Butshewasnot8.Shewaslaughingatmeforbeingafool.“AmIreallyafailure?”Ifelt9.“Areyouokay?”Thatfamiliarsoftvoicewas10.Ilookedup.Cindyseyesonlyshowedconcern.Inoddedmyheadandwavedmyhand,11hertoleave.Amonthpassedby.Ismiledandwalkedthroughthecrowd12adeskthatIpassedbyoften.“Readytogoshopping?”Iasked.“Sure!”The13wasnotCathysbutCindys.Together,wewalkeddownthehallwayandoutofthedoor.Ihavewokenupfromadream.Choosefriendsfor14theyare.Friendshipafterallisthe15thatbringswarmthtotheheart.1.A.friend B.success C.failure D.talent2.A.back B.forward C.up D.down3.A.only B.simply C.shameful D.mindful4.A.lied B.lay C.lain D.laid5.A.randownB.ranoutC.ranthrough D.ranover6.A.ill B.sick C.well D.health7.A.worriedB.eager C.long D.anxious8.A.laughingB.joking C.saying D.stopping9.A.worthy B.worthwhile C.worth D.worthless10.A.upsettingB.surprising C.comforting D.discouraging11.A.calling B.called C.telling D.told12.A.across B.towards C.at D.from13.A.girl B.desk C.voice D.sound14.A.who B.that C.which D.what15.A.bridge B.garden C.rainbow D.wine五.语法填空Everyone had a childhood. And childhood experiences are often very funny. Children often make us_(laugh). Its true children brighten up a home. They never turn off the lights.I often recall my childhood, the years many interesting things happened. When I was a two-year-old child, both my parents were always very busy with their work. My mother worked a sales manager in a company while my father served in army. So I lived with my grandma in a village. I was always waiting for my parents at home. Once my father (send) us a photo of his in a soldiers uniform, was posted on the table reminding me of him. Once my mother came to see me and we went (shop) together. On the way we saw a group of soldiers. And when I saw them, I became very (excite). I said in a ringing voice pointing to , “This is my father, and this is my father, and that is my father, too!” My mother said she would remember that moment all her life.五.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案A篇Mr.Langworkedinafactory.Asadriver,hewasbusybuthewaspaidmuch.Hiswifewasanablewomananddidallthehousework.Whenhecameback,shetookgoodcareofhimandheneverdidanythingathome.Sohehadenoughtimewhenhehadaholiday.Afewfriendsofhislikedgambling(赌博)andhelearneditsoon.Sohewasinterestedinitandhardlyforgotanythingexceptgambling. Helostallhismoneyandlaterhebegantosellthetelevision,watchesandsoon.Hiswifetoldhimnottodoitbuthedidntlistentoher.Shehadtotellthepolice.Heandhisfriendswerepunishedforit.Andhewashardlysentaway.Afterhecameoutoflockup(拘留所),hehatedherverymuchandthewomanhadtoleave him.ItwasNewYearsDay.Mr.Langdidntgotowork.Hefeltlonelyandwantedtogambleagain.Hecalledhisfriendsandtheycamesoon.Buttheywereafraidthepolicewouldcome.Hetoldhisfive-year-oldsontogotofindoutiftherewerethepolicemenoutside.Theywaitedforalongtimeanddidntthinkthepolicewouldcomeandbegantogamble.Suddenlyopenedthedoorandincameafewpolicemen.“Isawtherewerentanypolicemenoutside,daddy，”saidtheboy,“soIwenttothecrossingandaskedsometocome.”1Mr.Langwaspaidmuchbecause_.Ahewasadriver BheworkedinafactoryChehadalotofworktodo Dhehadworkedthereforalongtime2Mrs. Lang did all housework because_. Ashe couldnt find any work Bshe thought her husband was tiredCherhusbandspentalltimeingambling Dshewouldntstopherhusbandgambling3_，sohewasputintolockup.AMr.LangoftengambledBMr.LangwaslateforworkCMr.LangdidnthelphiswifeathomeDMr.Langwasntpolitetothepolice4ThewomanhadtoleaveMr.LangbecauseAhedidntloveheranylonger BhewouldntstopgamblingChehadbeenputintolockup Dhewashardlysentawaybythefactory5Whichofthefollowingisright?ATheboyhopedhisfathertobeputintolockupagain. BTheboythoughthisfatherneededsomepolicemen.CTheboyhopedhisfathertostopgamblingsoon.DTheboyhopedhismothertocomeback.B篇Itwasaquietvillageinwhichtherewasamilitarycamp.Itwasfarfromthetownsandcitiesandthereweresomehighmountainsaround.Ofcourseitwasagoodplacefortrainingthenewsoldiers.Butitwasdifficultfortheyoungmentogooutside.Mr.White,anofficerofforty,wasstrictwiththemandhehardlyletthemleavethecamp.OnceMr.Whitewasillinbed.Hecouldntworkandayoungofficer,Mr.Hunt,begantotrainthenewsoldiersinsteadofhim.Heknewtheyoungmenwellandletninesoldiersgotothenearesttowntohaveaholiday.Butnightfellandnonecamebacktothecamp.Hewasworriedaboutitandstoodatthegate.ItwasfivetotwelvewhenMr.Huntdecidedtogotothetownandseewhatwashappeningwiththeyoungmen.Hestartedthecarquicklyandsetoff.Atthatmomenttheninesoldierscameback.Itseemedtheywerealldrunk.Ofcoursetheyfoundtheofficerwasangry.“Imsorry,sir，”saidthefirstsoldier.“Ileftthetownontime.Butsomethingwaswrongwithmybusonmywayhere.Ihadtobuyahorseandmadeitrunfast.Badluck!ItdiedandIhadtorunback.”Andtheothersevensoldierssaidtheywerelateforthesamereason.Itwasthelastsoldiersturn.Hesaid,“Imsorry,sir.Igotonabusontime,but.”Havingheardthis,theofficerbecameevenangrierandstoppedhimatonce.Hecalledout,“Ifyousaysomethingwaswrongwithyourbus,Illpunishyouatonce！”“No,no,sir，”saidtheyoungman.“Mybuswasallright,butthedeadhorseswereinitsway！”6Themilitarycampwasbuiltinthevillageto_.Astopthesoldiersgoingtotowns BstopthesoldiersmeetingtheirfriendsCtrainthenewsoldiers Dmaketheyoungmenlivequietly7Mr.Huntlettheninesoldiershaveaholidaybecause_.Ahewaskindtothem BtheyfeltlonelyCtheyhadsomethingimportanttodo Dtheywerethebestofall8Theyoungofficerwasworriedbecause_.AatrafficaccidenthadhappenedBhewasafraidsomethinghappenedtotheninesoldiersCtheninesoldiersdidntcomebackontimeDtheninesoldiersdranktoomuchinthetown9Theninesoldiersreturnedtothecamplatebecause_.AsomethingwaswrongwiththeirbusesBtheirhorsesdiedonthereturnwayCittookthemmuchtimetorunbackDtheyallhaddrunkmuchinthetown10Whichanswerdoyouthinkright?AIllbelieveonlythelastsoldier.BTheofficerbelievedtheninesoldiers.CIllbelievenoneoftheninesoldiers.DTheofficerwontpunishhissoldiers.答案1. that she would turn on the light for her 2. that he was going to have his hair cut that day 3. whether/if the dress fitted 4. that the earth goes around the sun 5. what I had done the day before完形填空：解析：被自己的好朋友说成失败者， 1. C 解析：从下文 “Am I really a failure?” 可知2. A “我”十分伤心，头也不回地跑开了。 3. B 解析：当“我”质问好友时，她十分坦然地说那只是她的玩笑。 4. B 解析：lie (lied, lied)说谎；lie (lay, lain) vi. 平躺；lay (laid, laid) vt. 搁置， 平放。这里是说“躺在床上” ，故选 B。 5. C 解析：run down 撞到；run out 用完；run through 传遍，贯穿；run over 碾过，压过。6. C 解析：上文提到“我”生病了，过了一天后， “我”的病好了又回到了学校。 7. D 解析：这里描述了“我”的心理活动，焦急的期望着好友能笑着说那是个玩笑。 8. B 解析：联系上一句，好友所说的不是个玩笑，而是真的在嘲笑“我” 。 9. D 解析：好友的话伤了“我”的心， “我”开始怀疑自己是否真是那么失败，感觉到了这段友 情很没有价值。 10. C 解析：正当“我”难过的时候，Cindy 过来安慰“我”了。 11. A 解析：分词作状语，意思是“唤上她和我一起离开” 。 12. B 解析：穿过人群，走向那张桌子。 13. C 解析：指人的嗓音用 voice。这里说传来的是 Cindy 的声音。 14. D 解析： “我”从这次事件中吸取的教训是，择友应选择她们的本质。 15. C 解析：友谊如虹，温暖彼此的心灵。语法填空【小题1】laugh 【小题2】th