拟人personifica.ppt

Personification,Definition,拟人是指把物（包括物体、动物、思想或 抽象概念）拟作人，使其具有人的外表、个性或情感的这样的修辞手段。 A figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are represented with human qualities or form.,1.Thirsty soil drank in the rain.饥渴的土壤在雨中畅饮。 2.Did you see the anger of the tempest?你看到暴风雨的愤怒吗? 3.The flowers nodded in the breeze.花儿在微风中点头。,一.拟人格的表现形式,1.名词或名词短语 ex: 1）They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather. 他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。 2）Prices are low in sympathy with the general depression. 物价是随着市面的普通萧条而低落的。,2.动词,ex. 1）The sea was singing; The forests were dancing. 海在欢唱，林在舞动。 2）The racing car strained impatiently at the starting line. 那辆赛车站在跑道上急迫地紧张起来。,3.形容词,ex：But he just looked at her with his crying face. (也可以说是利用了移就transferred epithets ),二.Types,一、生物拟人是把有生命的动植物当作人描写。 例:At last bee felt sufficiently confident to attempt a trial flight .终于蜜蜂觉得有充分信心可以作一次试飞了。 二、非生物拟人是把无生命的事物当作人描写。 例3： I heard the singing of Mississippi .我听风密西西比河在歌唱。 三、抽象概念拟人是把抽象概念当作人描写。 例：Culture is not satisfied till we all come to a perfect man. 在我们大家都成为完美的人之前，文化是不会满意的.,三.Advantages,拟人化的写法可以使文章更加生动、形象、具体，既能生动形象地写出某事物的某个特点,一. 被拟人化的无生命事物，如大自然、天气、季节、等被赋予生命活力，充满生机，洋溢着青春的欢乐，使人感到生气勃勃。 例：Springiscoming home with her world wandering feet.春天迈着周游世界的步伐回来了。,二、国家、城市的人格化，往往使人产生一种亲切的感觉，有时带有一敬仰、钦佩、自豪的感情，从而使语言带有昂扬和庄严的色彩。如： 例：France, mother of arts , of warriors, and of laws. 法兰西，您是艺术之母，勇士之母和法制之母。,三、有生命的动植物人格化，使描述的动植物获得人的案性，使人产生联想。如： 使：What can you do for a dog ?What there was to do I did. He lived in luxury.对一条狗又能怎么办呢？该做的我都做了，它生活得很奢侈 四、非生物名词的人格化除能表达令人喜爱的美好方面外，还能表示使人憎恨的丑恶方面。拟人法表示出爱憎分明的态度。如： 例：Tea ,although an Oriental, is a gentleman at least , coca is a coward, coca is a beast.茶虽然是东方人，但至少是一位绅士。可可却是懦夫，可可是坏蛋。 五、抽象概念的人格化，可以烘托出一种艺术气氛，加强语言的感染力。如： 例：Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. Opportunity knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door you are ready.尽可能成训练有素的人。尽量多参加训练。良机会敲每个人的门。一定要使自己在良机敲门时已作好准备。,六、拟人手法大量使用简洁自然的，最普遍的，最常用 的词来刻画生动的情景和深刻的情感。 例：I hope what he was building would have better luck.我希望他们正在建造的东西会更幸运一些。 七、人格化的修饰语使事物具有一种动态的特征，能传达出作者的心理或精神状态及所描写的事物内涵。 例：You can understand why residents stay here ,and visitors keep on coming ,despite the sleeping threat of another earthquake.尽管有再一次地展的潜在威胁，你会懂得为什么人们愿意居住在此，游客继续不断地来参观。,More examples,1.“He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth.”“一股怪味袭来，使他相信了我说的是真话.” greet,一般用来指人的动作，指打招呼，问候。而本句中 greet 的逻辑主语变成了物, 即 the smell，通过拟人，赋予没有生命的事物以生命，使句子更形象、精彩。 2.“A yellow light on the dash-board flashed angrily” 仪表盘上一盏黄灯闪着刺眼的光芒angrily 指生气地，愤怒地，一般用来形容人或有生命的事物，表示一种强烈的感情，而在以上例句中angrily则用来修饰灯光的闪亮程度和状态。通过拟人的运用，赋予灯光以生命，从而使文章更有生气，更加形象生动。 3.：The sun kisses you skin with glowing warmth. The light sea breeze plays with your hair.日益暖和的太阳亲吻着你的肌肤。轻柔的海风戏弄着你的头发。 这里通过赋予太阳和微风以人格来描写人们在海滩上的感受，使读者有身临其境、心旷神怡之感。,四.Appreciation,1.诗歌 Youth is hot and bold, Age is weak and cold, Youth is wild, and Age is tame. -William Shakespeare 2.广告词 Time always follow me.（时间因我