人教版必修5第1单元详尽单词讲解.doc

Vocabulary of Unit 5本单元单词多既可以做动词，又可以做名词。l characteristic nc.特征；特性&adj. 显著的；独特的 近义词：feature搭配 be characteristic of表现。的特点，是。所特有的区别 character性格,品质;性质;角色;特征（此时为不可数名词）e.g.The two groups of children have quite different characteristics. 这两组儿童具有截然不同的特点She spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.她说话带着特有的热情The defiant manner is characteristic of teenagers. 那种反抗态度是十几岁的青少年所特有的。l put forward 提出搭配 put oneself/sb. forward (as) 自荐/提名某人（为某职位的候选人） put sth. forward 提前某事；把（时钟）往前拨；提出某事e.g.He put forward a new plan. 他提出了一个新计划。May I put your name forward as chairman of committee? 我可以提名你当委员会主席吗？put短语put aside 搁在一边（不去理会）；储备put in 插话put down 放下；镇压；写下put away 收拾好；储存put off 延期put on 穿上；上演；假装put out 扑灭，使熄灭；生产put through 接通（电话）；完成；实行put up 举起；搭建；张贴；留.住宿put up with 容忍put on weight 发胖；增加体重put back放回原处；拨回时钟；恢复正常l conclude v.结束；推断出搭配conclude (sth.) with.用结束（某事） concludefrom 从中推断出同源conclusion n. 结论，决定；终结，结束arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之 e.g.She concluded her speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.她引用莎士比亚的名言结束了演讲What do you conclude from that? 从那你总结出了什么？Ive come to the conclusion that hes not the right person for the job. 我得出结论，他不是那份工作的合适人选In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.总而言之，散步是一种便宜、安全、愉快、方便的锻炼方式l defeat v. 打扮；战败；使受挫；n. 失败辨析beat/defeat/winbeat/defeat 的宾语是人或某个集体。Defeat的宾语多为敌人；在游戏或比赛中击败对手多用beatwin的宾语为game/match/race/bet/election/prizee.g.They suffered a great defeat at the first attempt.We were defeated by 3 goals to 2. 我们以2比3的比分被打败l attend v. 照顾；护理；出席；参加搭配attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听报告/上学attend to sb./sth. 照顾某人/处理某事物attend (on/upon) sb. 照料、看护、服侍某人e.g.Attend to your work and stop talking. 专心工作，不要说话Dr. Smith attended (on) her in the hospital. 史密斯医生在医院给她治疗。l expose v. 暴露；揭露；使曝光expose sb./oneself to 使某人/自己暴露于expose sb./sth. 揭露、揭发某人/某事e.g.Dont expose babies to strong sunlight. 不要把婴儿暴露于强烈的阳光下。He exposed their plot. 他揭穿了他们的阴谋。l cure vt. 治愈；治疗& n. 治愈；痊愈搭配a cure for治疗。cure sb.(of sth.) 治好某人（的.病）e.g. The new treatment effected a miraculous cure. 这种新疗法产生了奇迹般的疗效We have to cure the child of bad habits. 我们必须纠正孩子的坏习惯l challenge vt.向挑战 & n. 挑战搭配challenge sb. (to sth.) 向某人挑战（做某事）e.g. I dont challenge the data, only the conclusions drawn from it. 我对这些资料没哟异议，只是认为由其得出的结论有问题。The difficulty of the problem challenged me to find a solution. 这个问题的难度激发我去寻找解决方案。l suspect vt.认为；怀疑 & n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯搭配 suspect sth./that 怀疑某事 suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人（做过）某事 suspect sb. to be.怀疑某人是.e.g.The police took the suspect to the police station. 警察把那个嫌疑犯带到了警察局I suspect him to be the pickpocket. 我怀疑他就是扒手l blame vt.责备；谴责 & n. 过失；责备搭配 blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做）某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for) (因)受谴责，应（为）负责任 put/place/lay the blame on sb. for sth. 将某事归咎于某人e.g.She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. 她把婚姻的失败归咎于他Do you blame the accident on him? 你是否将这个意外事件归罪于他呢？It is the boy, not the girl, that is to blame. 该受责备的是那个男孩，而不是那个女孩She stole the computer but she was trying to put the blame on me. 她偷了电脑，但她试图嫁祸于我。l pollute vt.污染；弄脏搭配pollute sth. with sth. 某事物污染另一事物同源 pollution n. 污染e.g. The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories. 当地工厂排放的有毒废物污染了这条河。l handle vt.处理；操纵 & n. 柄；把手e.g.Pick up the typewriter case by the handle. 抓住把手，把打字机箱子拿起来。Some customers are quite difficult to handle. 有些客人很难对付。l link vt.& n. 连接；联系linkto将。和。联系或连接起来搭配 link A to B / link A with B (together) 把A与B连接起来 link up with与结合 a link between A and B a link with sth./sb. 与某事/某人的联系同义：connect . with/to; combine .with; relate toe.g.Newspaper have linked his name to/with the singer. 报纸报道把他的名字与那位歌手连在一起The space shuttle will link up with the space station this afternoon. 航天飞机将于今天下午和空间站对接The country would like to maintain trade links with China. 这个国家愿意和中国保持贸易关系。l announce vt. 宣布；通告搭配 announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣告某事 无announce sb. sth. announce that.Its announced that 据宣布同源：announcement n. 宣告；通告 announcer n. 播音员；宣告者辨析 declare 断言，宣称e.g.The spokesman of the Foreign Minister announced the news to the reporters.It is announced that she is going to Japan next week. 据宣布，下个星期她要去日本。 l contribute vt.&vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助搭配：contribute (sth.) to.（把.）贡献给。contribute to sth. 促成某事物；促进某事；导致某事，to 为介词e.g.The government calls on people to contribute food and clothing to the flood victim. 政府号召人们给遭受水灾的难民捐助食品和衣物。Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult task. 她的著作大大有助于我们对这项艰难任务的了解。Im sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem. 我确信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题l apart from 除。之外；此外 美式英语 aside from辨析：apart from 可以与besides(除。以外还有）或except(除。以外无)换用； except for 肯定整体，否定部分；except that后跟从句；but 通常与补丁代词连用e.g. Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher. 除了几个缺点之外，他是个值得信赖的老师。Apart from the price, the dress doesnt suit me. 姑且不论价格，这件礼服不适合我 l （be） strict with 对。严格的e.g. They were always very strict with their children.There are strict guidelines on how the work is to be carried out.l make sense 讲得通；有意义搭配 (sth.) make sense （某事）讲得通（有道理、有意义）（sb.）make sense of sth. (人)理解、明白某事l spin vt.&vi.（spun, spun）（使）旋转；纺（线或纱）搭配 spin (sth) (round / around)e.g. His theories on economics are enough to make your head spinHe spun around to face her.l reject vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃辨析reject, refuse, declinereject 常用于正式场合，强调当面拒绝对方的请求、申请、提议等。refuse