《中医药英语》PPT课件.ppt

Brief Introduction of Basic Theory of TCM,What is TCM ?,Origin of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） has a long history. In remote antiquity, our ancestors created primitive medicine during their struggles against nature. While searching for food they found that some foods had the specific property of relieving or eliminating certain diseases. That was the beginning of finding and using herbal medicines.,While warming themselves around a fire they discovered that the way of local warming with hot stone or earth wrapped in bark or animal skin would relieve or eliminate certain symptoms of diseases. They practiced and improved this method repeatedly and then gradually brought into being the therapies of hot medicated compress and moxibustion.,In the course of using stone implements as tools of production, they noted, by change, that the pain in one part of the body would be alleviated when some other part was pricked. Then treatment with bian shi （stone needles） and bone needles came into being. This gradually resulted in acupuncture therapy. Afterwards the therapy of channels was born. The theories of TCM come mainly from practice and have been continually enriched and expanded through practice,黃帝像,Huangdi Neijing 黄帝内经,Shennong Bencaojing 神农本草经,Conclusion,TCM is a system of diagnosis and health-care approaches that has evolved over the last 3，000 years. TCM, as an integrated system of science, is composed of the following parts : basic theories, diagnostics, Chinese material medicine and prescriptions, clinical subjects, and life cultivation.,Basic Characteristics of TCM,TCM has many characteristics both in the understanding of the human bodys physiology and pathology and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. These characteristics, however, can be summarized in the following two aspects,1. The Concept of the Organism as a Whole By “organic whole” we mean entirety and unity. TCM attaches great importance to the unity of the human body itself and its relationship with nature, and holds that the human body itself is an organic whole and has very close and inseparable relations with the external natural surroundings. The concept of emphasizing the unity within the body and the unified relations between the body and the outside world is known as that of an organic whole.,a） The Unity within the Body b） The Unity between the Human Body and Nature c） The Guiding Function of the Concept of the Organism as a Whole,2. Diagnosis and Treatment Based on an Overall Analysis of Signs and Symptoms,Generally speaking, the same syndromes are treated in similar ways. Take cold for example, if it manifests itself in more severe chilliness, slight fever, a tongue with thin and white fur then it belongs to the exterior syndrome caused by wind and cold, and should be treated with strong sudorific drugs pungent in taste and warm in property, to dispel the wind and cold； if its manifestations are more severe fever, milder chilliness, a tongue with thin and yellow fur, then it belongs to the exterior syndrome caused by wind and heat. Of course diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis and differentiation of symptoms and signs should not remain at the present level or stand still or refuse to make any further progress, but instead, be enriched, renewed, developed and improved continually alongside the advancing of modern natural sciences.,The Philosophic Foundation of TCM- yin yang theory,The Basic Concept of Yin-Yang Theory,The Yin Yang theory holds that all phenomena consist of two opposite aspects, yin and yang, which are variously defined as: up and down, left and right, light and dark, hot and cold, stillness and movement, substance and function, etc. Yin and yang represent two opposite aspects of every object and its implicit conflict and interdependence. Generally, anything that is moving, ascending, bright, progressing, hyperactive, including functional disease of the body, pertains to yang. The characteristics of stillness, descending, darkness, degeneration, hypoactivity, including organic disease, pertain to yin.,the Basic Content of Yin-Yang Theory,The Opposition of Yin and Yang Yin and Yang Interdependence The Mutual Consuming-Increasing Relationship of Yin and Yang Yin and Yangs Mutual Transforming Relationship,The Application of Yin-Yang Theory to the Field of TCM,The Anatomical and Histological Structure of the Human Body The Physiological Functions of the Human Body The Pathological Changes of the Human Body Diagnosis of Diseases,The Anatomical and Histological Structure of the Human Body,The Pathological Changes of the Human Body,The Philosophic Foundation of TCM- wu xing theory,wood,fire,earth,water,metal,Relationship between wu xing,Generating The common memory jogs, which help to remind in what order the phases are, are: Wood feeds Fire; Fire creates Earth (ash); Earth bears Metal; Metal carries Water (as in a bucket or tap, or water condenses on metal); Water nourishes Wood. Other common words for this cycle include “begets“, “engenders“ and “mothers.“ Overcoming Wood parts Earth; Earth absorbs Water; Water quenches Fire; Fire melts Metal; Metal chops