何兆熊综合英语第二册U.ppt

The Virtues of Growing Older,By Carol Siskin,Pre-reading questions (1) Suppose you are making a deal with the devil, trading your youth for whatever you want. What would you trade your youth for? Why? (2) What would you like your life to be when you are retired?,The Virtues of Aging by Jimmy Carter “We are not alone in our worry about both the physical aspect of aging and the prejudice that exists toward the elderly, which is similar to racism or sexism. What makes it different is that the prejudice also exists among those of us who are either within this group or rapidly approaching it.,When I have mentioned the title of this book to a few people, most of them responded, Virtues? What could possibly be good about growing old? The most obvious answer, of course, is to consider the alternative to aging. But there are plenty of other good answers-many based on our personal experiences and observations.,What, in your opinion, are the advantages and disadvantages of growing older? What do you think are the virtues of being young? Describe some of the occasions that people show their concern to the old.,poor memory,Will You Marry Me? A widower and widow had known one another for a number of years. One evening there was a community supper in the big activity center. These two were at the same table, across from one another. As the meal went on, he made a few admiring glances at her and finally gathered up his courage to ask her, “Will you marry me?“,After about six seconds of careful consideration, she answered. “Yes. Yes, I will.“ The meal ended and with a few more pleasant exchanges, they went to their respective homes. Next morning, he was troubled. Did she say “yes“ or did she say “no“? He couldnt remember. Try as he would, he just could not recall. Not even a faint memory.,With trepidation, he went to the telephone and called her. First, he explained to her that he didnt remember as well as he used to. Then he reviewed the lovely evening past. As he gained a little more courage, he then inquired of her “When I asked if you would marry me, did you say Yes or did you say No?“ He was delighted to hear her say, “Why, I said, Yes, yes I will and I meant it with all my heart.“ Then she continued, “And I am so glad that you called.because I couldnt remember who had asked me.“,poor health,Im Dead An older couple is lying in bed one morning, having just awakened from a good nights sleep. He takes her hand and she responds, “Dont touch me.“ “Why not?“ he asks. She answers back, “Because Im dead.“,The husband says, “What are you talking about? Were lying here in bed together talking to one another.“ She says, “No, Im definitely dead.“ He insists, “Youre not dead. What in the world makes you think youre dead?“ “Because I woke up this morning and nothing hurts.“,poor hearing,Hearing Test An elderly gentleman feared his wife was getting hard of hearing. So he called her doctor to make an appointment to have her hearing checked. The doctor made an appointment for a hearing test in two weeks, and meanwhile suggested the husband try a simple informal test to give the doctor some idea of the state of her problem.,Heres what you do,“ said the doctor, “start out about 40 feet away from her, and in a normal conversational speaking tone see if she hears you. If not, go to 30 feet, then 20 feet, and so on until you get a response.“ That evening, the wife is in the kitchen cooking dinner, and hes in the living room. He says to himself, “Im about 40 feet away, lets see what happens.“ Then in a normal tone he asks, Honey, whats for supper?“ No response.,So the husband moved to the other end of the room, about 30 feet from his wife and repeats, “Honey, whats for supper?“ Still no response. Next he moves into the dining room where he is about 20 feet from his wife and asks, “Honey, whats for supper?“,Again he gets no response so he walks up to the kitchen door, only 10 feet away. “Honey, whats for supper?“ Again there is no response, so he walks right up behind her. “Honey, whats for supper?“ Finally he hears this response: “Damn it Earl - for the fifth time - chicken!“,Success At age 4 success is.not peeing in your pants. At age 12 success is.having friends. At age 16 success is.having a drivers license. At age 20 success is.having sex. At age 35 success is.having money.,At age 50 success is.having money. At age 60 success is.having sex. At age 70 success is.having a drivers license. At age 75 success is.having friends. At age 80 success is.not peeing in your pants.,wrinkle,nasolabial folds (法令纹),18-68 aging,18岁,28 油性肤质，肌肤出现瑕疵,38色素沉积；肌肤特征发生改变；下巴处肌肤质地开始改变；上眼睑开始松弛,。 48眼圈出现，面积变大；深度鱼尾纹和川字纹出现；色素沉积不均匀；下巴轮廓继续变得模糊。,58嘴角处有了十分明显的变化；色斑变深、变大；颈部明显变得更松弛,68脸下半部的松弛变得明显；上眼睑明显凹陷；颈部和下巴处肤质改变；每一个老化临床特征都开始加深。,pop stars aging,安吉利娜裘莉布拉德皮特等,哈里贝瑞朱莉亚罗伯茨等,珍妮佛安妮斯顿强尼戴普等,玛丽亚凯利梅尔吉布森等,麦当娜伊丽莎白赫利等,妮可基德曼莎朗斯通等,energetic creative innovative impulsive emulative 好胜的 fashionable impatient curious stay up late,conservative 保守的 verbose 唠叨的 gracious 慈祥的 patient considerate informed 见多识广的 costive 行动迟缓的 Out of fashion Weather-beaten 沧桑的,Features,Youth,The old,good memory do whatever like , many new thoughts not much worry food and clothing become more beautiful,no work , no burden enjoy the life , understand the life experienced , insightful tolerate family union , grandson , great grandson,Advantages,Youth,The old,make mistakes no experience , easy to be cheated no plan selfish , overconfident cant understand others,lonely , unbelieving food, transportation and dressing seldom accept new thought poor health,Disadvantages,Youth,The old,Text Comprehension,1. General questions (1) What is the writers attitude towards growing old? (2) What are the main benefits of growing old listed in the text? (3) What examples does the writer use to illustrate each of the benefits?,text structure,Part 1(Para.1-2): the two paragraphs make up the first part of the text. Part 2(Para.3-5): the writer, in paragraph three, offers the first advantages of growing older not being obsessed with ones appearance.,The second advantage is discussed in paragraph 4people in their forties are less uncertain than adolescents. Paragraph 5 presents the third and the greatest benefit of growing older,Part 3(Para.6): after sharing her own experience in contrast to adolescents problems with the readers, in this paragraph the writer turns the issue to the similar to the one mentioned in the first paragraph: the validity of American values on the aging problem.,Part one （1-2）,1. Why do people want to hide their gray hair and delay the effect of aging? 2. What does the writer mean when she says “its un-American to say so”? 3. Does the writer deny the virtues of being young?,worship,1.to show respect and love for a god, especially by praying in a religious building. a church where people have worshipped for hundreds of years 2.to admire and love someone very much He absolutely worships her. 3. worship the ground somebody walks on to admire or love someone so much that you cannot see their faults,Hero-worship: great admiration for sb. who is thought to be very brave, good, skilful etc - often used to show disapproval They bowed their heads in worship. Your/His Worship: to talk to or about a public official such as a mayor or magistrate act of worship (=religious ceremony),convince: v. to bring by the use of argument or evidence to firm belief or a course of action convince sb of 除非你能说服我这次活动的安全性，否则我不会批准。 I wont approve this operation unless you can convince me of its safety. convincing & convinced. He is so _ of his own theory that it is impossible to turn him around. I had to let him go, because his reasons are very _.,Detailed reading1 Advertisements 1,Advertisements convince us to buy Grecian Formula and Oil of Olay so we can hide the gray in our hair.,Explanation:,Grecian Formula and Oil of Olay: Grecian Formula is a popular mens hair coloring product in the United States, first introduced in 1961 and is still made. One of its main features is that it works gradually so the color change is not noticeable as with dye products. Olay originated in South Africa as Oil of Olay. It was known as Oil of Olay until 1999 in South Africa and North America, and Oil of Ulay in the United Kingdom. It is a brand based around facial moisturizer and skin care products. It claims to have the effect of helping people to stay looking young.,Detailed reading,Grecian Formula,Oil of Olay,Detailed reading1 Advertisements 2 ,Detailed reading,Translation:,广告使我们相信，只要购买了希腊处方染发剂和玉兰油就能使我们青春永驻。,jog,to run slowly and steadily, especially as a way of exercising I go jogging every morning. to knock or push something lightly by mistake = bump You jogged my elbow. jog somebodys memory to make someone remember something,Detailed reading1 gladly sign ,gladly sign with the devil just to be young again,Explanation:,Literally, the phrase means to sign a contract with the devil, so that the devil would help you become young again in exchange for your soul. In the text the phrase is metaphorically used to mean be willing to do anything (even bad) to become young again.,Detailed reading,Dread to feel great fear or anxiety about E.g. Ive got an interview with the bank manager tomorrow Im dreading it. E.g. He always dreaded asking them for their rent because he knew it would end in an argument. Aging the process of growing old E.g. Our society is full of attitudes towards aging and old people.,Age bracket: the people between two particular ages, considered as a group = age group =age range single people in the 40-50 age bracket the age of consent the age when someone can legally get married or have a sexual relationship,Distinct,1).noticeable; unmistakable E.g. There is a distinct possibility that shell be appointed manager of the company. 2).clearly different or belonging to a different type distinct types/groups/categories etc distinct from: different from Gold is distinct from iron.,Para 3,The first advantage of growing older-not being obsessed. The technique of contrast is used to project the difference between adolescents and people in their forties. They are focused on 2 aspects: the shape of their bodies and clothes. With her own experience, the writer drive home her point.,be apt to do something to have a natural tendency to do something apt: exactly right for a particular situation or purpose = appropriate Love at first sight is a very apt description of how he felt when he saw her. The punishment should be apt for the crime. an apt pupil/student formal a student who is quick to learn and understand,Detailed reading1- be obsessed with 1,be obsessed with have an unreasonably strong and continuous interest in particular things or persons,e.g.,The new president was obsessed with the thought of being watched. 新主席总觉得受人监视而心神不宁。,Derivation:,obsession n. obsessive a.,Synonym:,preoccupy, haunt,Detailed reading,Detailed reading1 be obsessed with 2,她童年时一直害怕父母离异。,Translation:,The fear of her parents divorce obsessed her throughout her childhood.,_,Detailed reading,Detailed reading1- perfect,perfect vt. make sth. perfect,e.g.,Nowadays, more and more foreigners come to China to perfect their Chinese.,Derivation:,perfection n. perfectible a.,Comparison:,improve vt. cause sth. to become better refine vt. improve sth. by removing defects and attending to details,Detailed reading,Mega-: a million - used with units of measurement; extremely; very big 1000 megawatts of electricity Her family is megarich! a megastore (giga-: a billion) Adj. very big and impressive or enjoyable Their first record was a mega hit.,Detailed reading1- turn into,turn into change completely and become sth. else,e.g.,After years development, Shenzhen, which used to be a small village, has turned into an international metropolis.,Synonym:,change into, become,Comparison:,turn against sb. 与某人反目成仇 turn sth. inside out 把里面翻作外面 turn (sb. / sth.) over （使某人/某物）翻身或翻转,Detailed reading,Detailed reading1- diet,diet vi. eat less in order to lose weight,e.g.,The doctor told the patient to diet and take some exercise.,Collocation:,a diet of sth. so much of sth. that you feel boring or unpleasant,Detailed reading,n. the type of food that a person regularly eats,e.g.,Exercise and a well-balanced diet keeps you fit and healthy.,e.g.,a constant diet of soap operas on TV 多得令人腻烦的电视连续剧,Detailed reading1- plead,plead vi. make an urgent, emotional statement or request for sth.,e.g.,The little girl pleaded with her parents not to leave her in her uncles home. The criminal pleaded to see his wife once more.,Comparison:,beg vi. ask sb. very strongly in a way that makes one feel ashamed or makes other people lose respect for him,Detailed reading,e.g.,The unfilial son begged mercy of his mother.,Collocation:,plead with sb. for sth. make repeated urgent requests to sb. for sth.,Detailed reading1 If our parents ,If our parents didnt get them for us, we felt our world would fall apart.,Translation:,如果父母不给我们买我们想要的衣服，我们就觉得世界末日到了。,Detailed reading,school blazer,Freak: someone who is extremely interested in a particular subject so that other people think they are strange or unusual a religious / computer freak someone who is considered to be very strange because of the way they look, behave, or think = weirdo These glasses make me look like a freak.,tailor: v. to fit or provide (a person) with clothes made to that persons measurements; to make, alter, or adapt for a particular end or purpose 我们应该使自己的知识符合社会的需要。 We should tailor our knowledge to the need of the society. tolerate: v. tolerance (n), tolerant (adj.), tolerable (adj.), intolerable (adj.) If I can be _ of this monstrosity, then there is nothing _ to me.,Tolerant: adj. allowing people to do, say, or believe what they want without criticizing or punishing them tolerant of/towards, a tolerant society Tolerable: a situation that is tolerable is not very good, but you are able to accept it The heat in this room is barely tolerable.,Its beyond me why she wants to marry Burton. 我不明白她为什么想嫁给伯顿。,beyond prep. outside the range or limit of,Detailed reading1 beyond,e.g.,Dealing with such a troublesome problem is beyond my capability. The radio is beyond repair. 这台收音机已经不能修理了。,Collocation:,be beyond sb. be impossible for sb. to imagine, understand or calculate,e.g.,Detailed reading,Antonym:,within,Agony: very severe pain; a very sad, difficult, or unpleasant experience extreme mental or physical pain or suffering E.g. He lay in agony until the doctor arrived. He was in agonies of remorse. Agony aunt: someone who writes an agony column(报刊上登载的寻人、寻物、离婚等启事的）私事广告栏),Detailed reading1 deny oneself,Detailed reading,deny oneself not do sth. that one enjoys doing or have sth. one desires to have, because he thinks that will be good for him,e.g.,He denied himself all small pleasures and luxuries in his effort to live a holy life.,Comparison:,do without be able to manage without sth. one really wants to have,e.g.,No one can do without drinking water for a long time.,Translation:,为了省钱给女儿治病，他戒烟了。,In order to save money for his daughters medical treatment, he denied himself smoking.,_ _,Pecan pie,Lanky: someone who is lanky is tall and thin, and moves awkwardly = gangling: Leggy: a woman is tall and attractive with long legs Giant: a man is very tall, esp. when you are surprised.,lanky,leggy,Detailed reading1 we are no ,we are no longer slaves to style,Explanation:,we no longer follow the fashion blindly,Detailed reading,Detailed reading1 at the mercy ,at the mercy of fashion,Explanation:,completely controlled by fashion,Detailed reading,1. According to the writer, what is the first advantage of growing older?,Not being obsessed with ones appearance.,Detailed reading,2. Why are adolescents apt to be obsessed with their appearances?,Because they feel anxious about what others will think.,Detailed reading1 Activity1,Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.,Detailed reading,Mozarts with piano started when he was a baby. 2. The shy girl in former days has a pretty lady. 3. The toothache tortured me a whole night. 4. Seeing the interesting toys from the window, the little boy with his mother for buying some back home. 5. Shakespeares wife had nothing Shakespeares second best bed.,obsession,_,turned into,_,agonizing,_,pleaded,_,beyond,_,Detailed reading1 Activity2,Detailed reading,6. Her parents marriage portion really her. 7. He moved to his grandfathers home so as to his Latin. 8. The headmaster those naughty students behavior. 9. The nurse says Richard has got to go on a . 10. In order to find an expected job, she all the entertainments in her internship.,satisfied,_,diet,_,tolerated,_,perfect,_,denied herself,_,preferable: adj. more desirable or worthy than another; preferred prefer: v. prefer A to B：喜欢A多过B 我喜欢在黑夜里游走而不是在白天徘徊 I prefer roaming at night to wandering in the daytime. preference: n. e.g. sexual preference, political preference, etc. 9. critical: adj. very important, essential, urgent; crucial, etc. e.g. a critical situation, a critical element, etc.,Detailed reading1 but I have, but I have already made many of the critical decisions that confront those just starting out.,Detailed reading,Translation:,但是当刚刚踏入社会的年轻人在为生活中的每个重要决策感到焦头烂额之时，我已经做过很多重要的决断。,10. await vt. wait for 等待 (it is a vt.!) e.g. The committee is awaiting a decision from head office before it takes any action.