全新版大学英语综合教程3thelastleaf文段赏析.ppt

The last leaf,O.Henry,Scene 2 By Team 2,The background,Johnsy and Sue are artists who move into Greenwich Village in New York City. As Winter approaches and the weather gets colder, Johnsy becomes ill with pneumonia. She gets so sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls from the vine outside her window, she will die. she lay, scarcely moving, on her painted iron bedstead, looking through the small Dutch window-panes at the blank side of the next brick house.,3,一天早晨，那个忙碌的医生扬了扬他那毛茸茸的灰白色眉毛，把苏叫到外边的走廊上。 One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a bushy, grey eyebrow.,4,“我看，她的病只有一成希望，”他说，“这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去。你的这位小姐满肚子以为自己不会好了。她有什么心事吗？” “She has one chance in ten,“ he said, “ And that chance is for her to want to live. Your little lady has made up her mind that shes not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind?“,5,“她她希望有一天能够去画那不勒斯海湾。”苏艾说 “She - she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day.“ said Sue.,6,“绘画？别瞎扯了！她心里有没有值得想两次的事情。比如说，男人？” “Paint? - bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking twice - a man for instance?“,7,“男人？”“男人难道值得. .不，医生，没有这样的事。” “A man?“ said Sue, “Is a man worth - but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind.“,8,“能达到的全部力量去治疗她。可要是我的病人开始算计会有多少辆马车送她出丧，我就得把治疗的效果减掉百分之五十。”医生走后，苏艾走进工作室里哭了。后来她手里拿着画板，装做精神抖擞的样子走进琼西的屋子，嘴里吹着爵士音乐调子。 “Well, “ said the doctor. “I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral procession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.“After the doctor had gone Sue went into the workroom and cried. Then she swaggered into Johnsys room with her drawing board, whistling ragtime.,reading,Please tell me the four elements of this scene time, place, persons, event,the Second Scene Para.3-8,time-One morning,in November place- persons-Doctor,Sue,Johnsy event -The doctor told Sue that Johnsy needed a strong will to live on. The doctor-an efficient and truthful expert,the Second Scene Para.3-8,According to the doctor, how would Johnsy be able to recover from pneumonia? What had been Johnsys ambition before she fell ill? How did Sue went into Johnsys room? Why ?,the Second Scene Para.3-8,it truly touched the heart of its audience.,。,直击作者欧亨利,O. Henrys writing style is lively and interesting,he is good at using puns(双关语) and homophonic(谐音), his humorous uasge of words has winned him the name of tearful smile(含泪的微笑). He also has an accurate description of details, manufacturing and reproducing the atmosphere(再现气氛),Subtract 减去扣除,常用短语.subtract from 1， If you subtract 3from 5,you get 2. 2， It is said the corporation has already subtract a number of expenditures from the total cost; yet it still runs as high as 300 million dollars. 联想 make a subtraction做减法,Whistle 吹口哨,1,v He was whistling softly to himself 2,v This dog is well trained shell come running back to me every time I whistle to her. 3,n He gave a low whistle.,Merry 高兴的愉悦的,1，adj Before she had always been so lively and merry , now she just sat up in bed, staring out of the window. 2, 联想Merry Christmas圣诞快乐 Make merry作乐，尽情欢乐,Writing techniques appreciation,The second part ( paragraph 38 ）,Writing techniques appreciation,metaphor（比喻） personification（拟人） euphemism（委婉） pun（双关） irony（反语） oxymoron（矛盾修饰） zeugma （轭式搭配） transferred epithet（移位修饰） alliteration（头韵） climax（渐进）,metaphor（比喻）,my loves like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 He jumped as if he had been stung. 他像被蜇了似的跳了起来,personification（拟人）,把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响,pun（双关）,用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。 A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。,euphemism（委婉）,用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。 用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替 to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替 fat people,irony（反语）,使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。,oxymoron（矛盾修饰）,把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。 She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。 The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。,zeugma （轭式搭配）,把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。 She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。 As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。,transferred epithet（移位修饰）,将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。 There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。 The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。,alliteration（头韵）,两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。 Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。 The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。 The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。,climax（渐进）,根据事物的逻辑关系，由小到大，由轻到重，由浅到深，由低到高，由少到多依次渐进地进行描述或论述。这种整齐的结构可以使人们的思想认识一层层深化提高，增强语言的感染力和说服力。 I came; I saw; I conquer. 我来了；我看到了；我征服。 Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实；交谈使人机智；写作使人精确。,Lets return to The Last Leaf,Paragraph 3,One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a bushy, gray eyebrow. Describles the appearance of the doctor, ay the same time indicates that the doctor is old but energetic.,Paragraph 4,“She has one chance in ten,“ he said. “And that chance is for her to want to live. Your little lady has made up her mind that shes not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind? Coreference(指代）：means that she only has ten percent opportunity to go through the illness.,Paragraph 6,“Paint? - bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice - a man, for instance?“ Coreference(指代）：something johnsy can not bear to part, something she lingered in the mind, something she reluctant to leave.,Paragraph 7,“A man?“ said Sue. “Is a man worth - but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind.“ Transition of an essay(文意的转折）， the function of dash(破折号）. Reflect the heart activity of Sue, a motion concerned and fearful, it shows us how Sue cares for Jhonsy. Also strenthe her answer with a firm word “no“.,Paragraph 8,“Well,“ said the doctor. “I will do all that science can accom