拆掉这堵墙吧范文.doc

拆掉这堵墙吧范文 residentRonaldReagon:Thankyouverymuch.ChancellorKohl,GoverningMayorDiepgen,ladiesandgentlemen:Twenty-fouryearsago,PresidentJohnF.KeedyvisitedBerlin,eakingtothepeopleofthiscityandtheworldattheCityHall.Well,sincethentwootherpresidentshavee,eachinhisturn,toBerlin.AndtodayI,myself,makemysecondvisittoyourcity.WeetoBerlin,weAmericanpresidents,becauseitsourdutytoeak,inthisplace,offreedom.ButImustconfe,weredrawnherebyotherthingsaswell:bythefeelingofhistoryinthiscity,morethan500yearsolderthanourownnatiobythebeautyoftheGrunewaldandtheTiergartemostofall,byyourcourageanddetermination.PerhatheposerPaulLinckeunderstoodsomethingaboutAmericanpresidents.Yousee,likesomanypresidentsbeforeme,IeheretodaybecausewhereverIgo,whateverIdo:IchhabnocheinenKofferinBerlin.IstillhaveasuitcaseinBerlin.OurgatheringtodayisbeingbroadcastthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica.IunderstandthatitisbeingseenandheardaswellintheEast.TothoselisteningthroughoutEasternEurope,aecialword:AlthoughIcaotbewithyou,Iaddremyremarkstoyoujustassurelyastothosestandingherebeforeme.ForIjoinyou,asIjoinyourfellowcountrymenintheWest,inthisfirm,thisunalterablebelief:EsgibtnureinBerlin.ThereisonlyoneBerlin.Behindmestandsawallthatencirclesthefreesectorsofthiscity,partofavastsystemofbarriersthatdividestheentirecontinentofEurope.FromtheBaltic,south,thosebarrierscutacroGermanyinagashofbarbedwire,concrete,dogru,andguardtowers.Farthersouth,theremaybenovisible,noobviouswall.Butthereremainarmedguardsandcheckpointsallthesame-stillarestrictionontherighttotravel,stillanitrumenttoimposeuponordinarymenandwomenthewillofatotalitarianstate.YetitishereinBerlinwherethewallemergesmostclearly;here,cuttingacroyourcity,wherethenewsphotoandthetelevisionscreenhaveimprintedthisbrutaldivisionofacontinentuponthemindoftheworld.StandingbeforetheBrandeurgGate,everymanisaGerman,separatedfromhisfellowmen.EverymanisaBerliner,forcedtolookuponascar.PresidentvonWeizsackerhassaid,TheGermanquestionisopenaslongastheBrandeurgGateisclosed.TodayIsay:Aslongasthegateisclosed,aslongasthisscarofawallispermittedtostand,itisnottheGermanquestionalohatremaiopen,butthequestionoffreedomforallmankind.YetIdonoteheretolament.ForIfindinBerlinameageofhope,evenintheshadowofthiswall,ameageoftriumph.Inthisseasonofringin1945,thepeopleofBerlinemergedfromtheirair-raidshelterstofinddevastation.Thousandsofmilesaway,thepeopleoftheUnitedStatesreachedouttohelp.Andin1947SecretaryofState-asyouvebeentold-GeorgeMarshallaouncedthecreationofwhatwouldbeeknownastheMarshallPlan.eakingprecisely40yearsagothismonth,hesaid:Ourpolicyisdirectednotagaitanycountryordoctrine,butagaithunger,poverty,deeration,andchaos.IntheReichstagafewmomentsago,Isawadilaymemoratingthis40thaiversaryoftheMarshallPlan.Iwasstruckbythesignonaburnt-out,guttedstructurethatwasbeingrebuilt.IunderstandthatBerlinersofmyowngenerationcanrememberseeingsiglikeitdottedthroughoutthewesternsectorsofthecity.Thesignreadsimply:TheMarshallPlanishelpingheretostrengthenthefreeworld.Astrong,freeworldintheWest,thatdreambecamereal.Japanrosefromruintobeeaneconomicgiant.Italy,France,Belgium-virtuallyeverynationinWesternEuropesawpoliticalandeconomicrebirth;theEuropeanCommunitywasfounded.InWestGermanyandhereinBerlin,theretookplaceaneconomicmiracle,theWirtschaftswunder.Adenauer,Erhard,Reuter,andotherleadersunderstoodthepracticalimportanceofliberty-thatjustastruthcanflourishonlywhenthejournalistisgivenfreedomofeech,soproeritycaneaboutonlywhenthefarmerandbusinemanenjoyeconomicfreedom.TheGermanleadersreducedtariffs,expandedfreetrade,loweredtaxes.From1950to1960alone,thestandardoflivinginWestGermanyandBerlindoubled.Wherefourdecadesagotherewasrule,todayinWestBerlinthereisthegreatestindustrialoutputofanycityinGermany-busyofficeblocks,finehomesandapartments,proudavenues,andthereadinglawofparkland.Whereacityscultureseemedtohavebeendestroyed,todaytherearetwogreatuniversities,orchestrasandanopera,countletheaters,andmuseums.Wheretherewaswant,todaytheresabundance-food,clothing,automobiles-thewonderfulgoodsoftheKudamm.Fromdevastation,fromutterruin,youBerlinershave,infreedom,rebuiltacitythatonceagainranksasoneofthegreatestonearth.TheSovietsmayhavehadotherpla.Butmyfriends,therewereafewthingstheSovietsdidntcounton-BerlinerHerz,BerlinerHumor,ja,undBerlinerSchnauze.Berlinerheart,Berlinerhumor,yes,andaBerlinerSchnauze.Inthe1950s,Khrushchevpredicted:Wewillburyyou.ButintheWesttoday,weseeafreeworldthathasachievedalevelofproerityandwell-beingurecedentedinallhumanhistory.IntheCommunistworld,weseefailure,technologicalbackwardne,decliningstandardsofhealth,evenwantofthemostbasickind-toolittlefood.Eventoday,theSovietUnionstillcaotfeeditself.Afterthesefourdecades,then,therestandsbeforetheentireworldonegreatandinescapableconclusion:Freedomleadstoproerity.Freedomreplacestheancienthatredsamongthenatiowithityandpeace.Freedomisthevictor.AndnowtheSovietsthemselvesmay,inalimitedway,beingtounderstandtheimportanceoffreedom.WehearmuchfromMoscowaboutanewpolicyofreformandopee.Somepoliticalprisonershavebeenreleased.Certainforeignnewsbroadcastsarenolongerbeingjammed.Someeconomicenterpriseshavebeenpermittedtooperatewithgreaterfreedomfromstatecontrol.ArethesethebegiingsofprofoundchangesintheSovietstate?Oraretheytokengestures,intendedtoraisefalsehopesintheWest,ortostrengthentheSovietsystemwithoutchangingit?Wewelechangeandopeeforwebelievethatfreedomandsecuritygotogether,thattheadvanceofhumanlibertycanonlystrengthenthecauseofworldpeace.ThereisonesigntheSovietscanmakethatwouldbeunmistakable,thatwouldadvancedramaticallythecauseoffreedomandpeace.GeneralSecretaryGorbachev,ifyouseekpeace,ifyouseekproerityfortheSovietUnionandEasternEurope,ifyouseekliberalization:Comeheretothisgate!Mr.Gorbachev,openthisgate!Mr.Gorbachev,teardownthiswall!Iunderstandthefearofwarandthepainofdivisionthatafflictthiscontinent-andIpledgetoyoumycountryseffortstohelpoveretheseburde.Tobesure,weintheWestmustresistSovietexpaion.Sowemustmaintaindefeesofunaailablestrength.Yetweseekpeace;sowemuststrivetoreducearmsonbothsides.Begiing10yearsago,theSovietschallengedtheWesternalliancewithagravenewthreat,hundredsofnewandmoredeadly-20nuclearmiiles,capableofstrikingeverycapitalinEurope.TheWesternalliancereondedbymittingitselftoacounter-deploymentunletheSovietsagreedtonegotiateabettersolutionamely,theeliminationofsuchweapoonbothsides.Formanymonths,theSovietsrefusedtobargaininearnestne.Asthealliance,inturn,preparedtogoforwardwithitscounter-deployment,thereweredifficultdays-daysofprotestslikethoseduringmy1982visittothiscity-andtheSovietslaterwalkedawayfromthetable.Butthroughitall,theallianceheldfirm.AndIinvitethosewhoprotestedthen-Iinvitethosewhoprotesttoday-tomarkthisfact:Becauseweremainedstrong,theSovietscamebacktothetable.Andbecauseweremainedstrong,todaywehavewithinreachthepoibility,notmerelyoflimitingthegrowthofarms,butofeliminating,forthefirsttime,anentireclaofnuclearweapofromthefaceoftheearth.AsIeak,NATOministersaremeetinginIcelandtoreviewtheprogreofourproposalsforeliminatingtheseweapo.AtthetalksinGeneva,wehavealsoproposeddeepcutsinstrategicoffeiveweapo.AndtheWesternallieshavelikewisemadefar-reachingproposalstoreducethedangerofconventionalwarandtoplaceatotalbanonchemicalweapo.Whilewepursuethesearmsreductio,IpledgetoyouthatwewillmaintainthecapacitytodeterSovietaggreionatanylevelatwhichitmightour.Andincooperationwithmanyofourallies,theUnitedStatesispursuingtheStrategicDefeeInitiative-researchtobasedeterrencenotonthethreatofoffeiveretaliation,butondefeesthattrulydefend;onsystems,inshort,thatwillnottargetpopulatio,butshieldthem.BythesemeaweseektoincreasethesafetyofEuropeandalltheworld.Butwemustrememberacrucialfact:EastandWestdonotmistrusteachotherbecausewearearmed;wearearmedbecausewemistrusteachother.Andourdifferencesarenotaboutweapobutaboutliberty.WhenPresidentKeedyokeattheCityHallthose24yearsago,freedomwasencircled,Berlinwasundersiege.Andtoday,deiteallthepreuresuponthiscity,Berlinstandssecureinitsliberty.Andfreedomitselfistraformingtheglobe.InthePhiliines,inSouthandCentralAmerica,democracyhasbeengivenarebirth.ThroughoutthePacific,freemarketsareworkingmiracleaftermiracleofeconomicgrowth.Intheindustrializednatio,atechnologicalrevolutionistakingplace-arevolutionmarkedbyrapid,dramaticadvancesinputersandtelemunicatio.InEurope,onlyonenationandthoseitcontrolsrefusetojointhemunityoffreedom.Yetinthisageofredoubledeconomicgrowth,ofinformationandiovation,theSovietUnionfacesachoice:Itmustmakefundamentalchanges,oritwillbeeoolete.Todaythusrepresentsamomentofhope.WeintheWeststandreadytocooperatewiththeEasttopromotetrueopee,tobreakdownbarriersthatseparatepeople,tocreateasafe,freerworld.AndsurelythereisnobetterplacethanBerlin,themeetingplaceofEastandWest,tomakeastart.FreepeopleofBerlin:Today,asinthepast,theUnitedStatesstandsforthestrictoervanceandfullimplementationofallpartsoftheFourPowerAgreementof1971.Letususethisoasion,the750thaiversaryofthiscity,tousherinanewera,toseekastillfuller,richerlifefortheBerlinofthefuture.Together,letusmaintainanddevelopthetiesbetweentheFederalRepublicandtheWesternsectorsofBerlin,whichispermittedbythe1971agreement.AndIinviteMr.Gorbachev:LetusworktobringtheEasternandWesternpartsofthecityclosertogether,sothatalltheinhabitantsofallBerlincanenjoythebenefitsthatewithlifeinoneofthegreatcitiesoftheworld.ToopenBerlinstillfurthertoallEurope,EastandWest,letusexpandthevitalairaetothiscity,findingwaysofmakingmercialairservicetoBerlinmoreconvenient,morefortable,andmoreeconomical.WelooktothedaywhenWestBerlincanbeeoneofthechiefaviationhuinallcentralEurope.WithourFrenchandBritishpartners,theUnitedStatesispreparedtohelpbringinternationalmeetingstoBerlin.ItwouldbeonlyfittingforBerlintoserveasthesiteofUnitedNatiomeetings,orworldconferencesonhumanrightsandarmscontrolorotheriuesthatcallforinternationalcooperation.Thereisnobetterwaytoestablishhopeforthefuturethantoenlightenyoungminds,andwewouldbehonoredtooorsummeryouthexchanges,culturalevents,andotherprogramsforyoungBerlinersfromtheEast.OurFrenchandBritishfriends,Imcertain,willdothesame.AnditsmyhopethatanauthoritycanbefoundinEastBerlintooorvisitsfromyoungpeopleoftheWesternsectors.Onefinalproposal,oneclosetomyheart:ortrepresentsasourceofenjoymentandeoblement,andyoumayhavenotedthattheRepublicofKorea-SouthKorea-hasofferedtopermitcertaineventsofthe1988OlympicstotakeplaceintheNorth.Internationalortspetitioofallkindscouldtakeplaceinbothpartsofthiscity.AndwhatbetterwaytodemotratetotheworldtheopeeofthiscitythantoofferinsomefutureyeartoholdtheOlympicgameshereinBerlin,EastandWest?Inthesefourdecades,asIhavesaid,youBerlinershavebuiltagreatcity.Youvedonesoiniteofthreats-theSovietattemptstoimposetheEast-mark,theblockade.Todaythecitythrivesiniteofthechallengesimplicitintheverypresenceofthiswall.Whatkeeyouhere?Certainlytheresagreatdealtobesaidforyourfortitude,foryourdefiantcourage.ButIbelievetheressomethingdeeper,somethingthatinvolvesBerlinswholelookandfeelandwayoflife-notmeresentiment.NoonecouldlivelonginBerlinwithoutbeingpletelydisabusedofillusio.Somethingitead,thathasseenthedifficultiesoflifeinBerlinbutchosetoaeptthem,thatcontinuestobuildthisgoodandproudcityincontrasttoasurroundingtotalitarianpresencethatrefusestoreleasehumanenergiesorairatio.Somethingthateakswithapowerfulvoiceofaffirmation,thatsaysyestothiscity,yestothefuture,yestofreedom.Inaword,IwouldsubmitthatwhatkeeyouinBerlinislove-lovebothprofoundandabiding.Perhathisgetstotherootofthematter,tothemostfundamentaldistinctionofallbetweenEastandWest.Thetotalitarianworldproducesbackwardnebecauseitdoessuchviolencetotheirit,thwartingthehumanimpulsetocreate,toenjoy,toworship.Thetotalitarianworldfindsevensymbolsofloveandofworshipanaffront.Yearsago,beforetheEastGermabeganrebuildingtheirchurches,theyerectedasecularstructure:thetelevisiontoweratAlexanderPlatz.Virtuallyeversince,theauthoritieshavebeenworkingtocorrectwhattheyviewasthetowersonemajorflaw,treatingtheglahereatthetopwithpaintsandchemicalsofeverykind.Yeteventodaywhenthesunstrikesthathere-thatherethattowersoverallBerlin-thelightmakesthesignofthecro.ThereinBerlin,likethecityitself,symbolsoflove,symbolsofworship,caotbesureed.AsIlookedoutamomentagofromtheReichstag,thatembodimentofGermanunity,Inoticedwordscrudelyray-painteduponthewall,perhabyayoungBerliner:Thiswallwillfall.Beliefsbeereality.Yes,acroEurope,thiswallwillfall.Foritcaotwithstandfaith;itcaotwithstandtruth.Thewallcaotwithstandfreedom.AndIwouldlike,beforeIclose,tosayoneword.Ihaveread,andIhavebeenquestionedsinceIvebeenhereaboutcertaindemotratioagaitmying.AndIwouldliketosayjustohing,andtothosewhodemotrateso.Iwonderiftheyhaveeveraskedthemselvesthatiftheyshouldhavethekindofgovernmenttheyaarentlyseek,noonewouldeverbeabletodowhattheyredoingagain.ThankyouandGodbleyouall.Note:ThePresidentokeat2:20p.m.attheBrandeurgGate.Inhisopeningremarks,hereferredtoWestGermanChancellorHelmutKohl.Priortohisremarks,PresidentReaganmetwithWestGermanPresidentRichardvonWeizsackerandtheGoverningMayorofWestBerlinEberhardDiepgenatSchloBellevue,PresidentWeizsackersofficialresidenceinWestBerlin.Followingthemeeting,PresidentReaganwenttotheReichstag,whereheviewedtheBerlinWallfromtheEastBalcony. residentRonaldReagon:Thankyouverymuch.ChancellorKohl,GoverningMayorDiepgen,ladiesandgentlemen:Twenty-fouryearsago,PresidentJohnF.KeedyvisitedBerlin,eakingtothepeopleofthiscityandtheworldattheCityHall.Well,sincethentwootherpresidentshavee,eachinhisturn,toBerlin.AndtodayI,myself,makemysecondvisittoyourcity.WeetoBerlin,weAmericanpresidents,becauseitsourdutytoeak,inthisplace,offreedom.ButImustconfe,weredrawnherebyotherthingsaswell:bythefeelingofhistoryinthiscity,morethan500yearsolderthanourownnatiobythebeautyoftheGrunewaldandtheTiergartemostofall,byyourcourageanddetermination.PerhatheposerPaulLinckeunderstoodsomethingaboutAmericanpresidents.Yousee,likesomanypresidentsbeforeme,IeheretodaybecausewhereverIgo,whateverIdo:IchhabnocheinenKofferinBerlin.IstillhaveasuitcaseinBerlin.OurgatheringtodayisbeingbroadcastthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica.IunderstandthatitisbeingseenandheardaswellintheEast.TothoselisteningthroughoutEasternEurope,aecialword:AlthoughIcaotbewithyou,Iaddremyremarkstoyoujustassurelyastothosestandingherebeforeme.ForIjoinyou,asIjoinyourfellowcountrymenintheWest,inthisfirm,thisunalterablebelief:EsgibtnureinBerlin.ThereisonlyoneBerlin.Behindmestandsawallthatencirclesthefreesectorsofthiscity,partofavastsystemofbarriersthatdividestheentirecontinentofEurope.FromtheBaltic,south,thosebarrierscutacroGermanyinagashofbarbedwire,concrete,dogru,andguardtowers.Farthersouth,theremaybenovisible,noobviouswall.Butthereremainarmedguardsandcheckpointsallthesame-stillarestrictionontherighttotravel,stillanitrumenttoimposeuponordinarymenandwomenthewillofatotalitarianstate.YetitishereinBerlinwherethewallemergesmostclearly;here,cuttingacroyourcity,wherethenewsphotoandthetelevisionscreenhaveimprintedthisbrutaldivisionofacontinentuponthemindoftheworld.StandingbeforetheBrandeurgGate,everymanisaGerman,separatedfromhisfellowmen.EverymanisaBerliner,forcedtolookuponascar.PresidentvonWeizsackerhassaid,TheGermanquestionisopenaslongastheBrandeurgGateisclosed.TodayIsay:Aslongasthegateisclosed,aslongasthisscarofawallispermittedtostand,itisnottheGermanquestionalohatremaiopen,butthequestionoffreedomforallmankind.YetIdonoteheretolament.ForIfindinBerlinameageofhope,evenintheshadowofthiswall,ameageoftriumph.Inthisseasonofringin1945,thepeopleofBerlinemergedfromtheirair-raidshelterstofinddevastation.Thousandsofmilesaway,thepeopleoftheUnitedStatesreachedouttohelp.Andin1947SecretaryofState-asyouvebeentold-GeorgeMarshallaouncedthecreationofwhatwouldbeeknownastheMarshallPlan.eakingprecisely40yearsagothismonth,hesaid:Ourpolicyisdirectednotagaitanycountryordoctrine,butagaithunger,poverty,deeration,andchaos.IntheReichstagafewmomentsago,Isawadilaymemoratingthis40thaiversaryoftheMarshallPlan.Iwasstruckbythesignonaburnt-out,guttedstructurethatwasbeingrebuilt.IunderstandthatBerlinersofmyowngenerationcanrememberseeingsiglikeitdottedthroughoutthewesternsectorsofthecity.Thesignreadsimply:TheMarshallPlanishelpingheretostrengthenthefreeworld.Astrong,freeworldintheWest,thatdreambecamereal.Japanrosefromruintobeeaneconomicgiant.Italy,France,Belgium-virtuallyeverynationinWesternEuropesawpoliticalandeconomicrebirth;theEuropeanCommunitywasfounded.InWestGermanyandhereinBerlin,theretookplaceaneconomicmiracle,theWirtschaftswunder.Adenauer,Erhard,Reuter,andotherleadersunderstoodthepracticalimportanceofliberty-thatjustastruthcanflourishonlywhenthejournalistisgivenfreedomofeech,soproeritycaneaboutonlywhenthefarmerandbusinemanenjoyeconomicfreedom.TheGermanleadersreducedtariffs,expandedfreetrade,loweredtaxes.From1950to1960alone,thestandardoflivinginWestGermanyandBerlindoubled.Wherefourdecadesagotherewasrule,todayinWestBerlinthereisthegreatestindustrialoutputofanycityinGermany-busyofficeblocks,finehomesandapartments,proudavenues,andthereadinglawofparkland.Whereacityscultureseemedtohavebeendestroyed,todaytherearetwogreatuniversities,orchestrasandanopera,countletheaters,andmuseums.Wheretherewaswant,todaytheresabundance-food,clothing,automobiles-thewonderfulgoodsoftheKudamm.Fromdevastation,fromutterruin,youBerlinershave,infreedom,rebuiltacitythatonceagainranksasoneofthegreatestonearth.TheSovietsmayhavehadotherpla.Butmyfriends,therewereafewthingstheSovietsdidntcounton-BerlinerHerz,BerlinerHumor,ja,undBerlinerSchnauze.Berlinerheart,Berlinerhumor,yes,andaBerlinerSchnauze.Inthe1950s,Khrushchevpredicted:Wewillburyyou.ButintheWesttoday,weseeafreeworldthathasachievedalevelofproerityandwell-beingurecedentedinallhumanhistory.IntheCommunistworld,weseefailure,technologicalbackwardne,decliningstandardsofhealth,evenwantofthemostbasickind-toolittlefood.Eventoday,theSovietUnionstillcaotfeeditself.Afterthesefourdecades,then,therestandsbeforetheentireworldonegreatandinescapableconclusion:Freedomleadstoproerity.Freedomreplacestheancienthatredsamongthenatiowithityandpeace.Freedomisthevictor.AndnowtheSovietsthemselvesmay,inalimitedway,beingtounderstandtheimportanceoffreedom.Wehear