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Jan.20,xxVicePresidentCheney,Mr.ChiefJustice,PresidentCarter,PresidentBush,PresidentClinton,reverendclergy,distinguishedguests,fellowcitize:Onthisday,prescribedbylawandmarkedbyceremony,wecelebratethedurablewisdomofourCotitution,andrecallthedeepmitmentsthatuniteourcountry.Iamgratefulforthehonorofthishour,mindfulofthecoequentialtimesinwhichwelive,anddeterminedtofulfilltheoaththatIhaveswornandyouhavewitneed.Atthissecondgathering,ourdutiesaredefinednotbythewordsIuse,butbythehistorywehaveseentogether.Forahalfcentury,Americadefendedourownfreedombystandingwatchondistantborders.Aftertheshipwreckofmunismcameyearsofrelativequiet,yearsofrepose,yearsofsaatical-andthentherecameadayoffire.Wehaveseenourvulnerability-andwehaveseenitsdeepestsource.Foraslongaswholeregiooftheworldsimmerinresentmentandtyray-prooideologiesthatfeedhatredandexcusemurder-violencewillgather,andmultiplyindestructivepower,andcrothemostdefendedborders,andraiseamortalthreat.Thereisonlyoneforceofhistorythatcanbreakthereignofhatredandresentment,andexposethepreteiooftyrants,andrewardthehopesofthedecentandtolerant,andthatistheforceofhumanfreedom.Weareled,byeventsandmonsee,tooneconclusion:Thesurvivaloflibertyinourlandincreasinglydependsonthesueoflibertyinotherlands.Thebesthopeforpeaceinourworldistheexpaionoffreedominalltheworld.Americasvitalinterestsandourdeepestbeliefsarenowone.FromthedayofourFounding,wehaveproclaimedthateverymanandwomanonthisearthhasrights,anddignity,andmatchlevalue,becausetheybeartheimageoftheMakerofHeavenandearth.Acrothegeneratiowehaveproclaimedtheimperativeofself-government,becausenooneisfittobeamaster,andnoonedeservestobeaslave.AdvancingtheseidealsisthemiionthatcreatedourNation.Itisthehonorableachievementofourfathers.Nowitistheurgentrequirementofournationssecurity,andthecallingofourtime.SoitisthepolicyoftheUnitedStatestoseekandsuortthegrowthofdemocraticmovementsandititutioineverynationandculture,withtheultimategoalofendingtyrayinourworld.Thisisnotprimarilythetaskofarms,thoughwewilldefendourselvesandourfriendsbyforceofarmswhenneceary.Freedom,byitsnature,mustbechosen,anddefendedbycitize,andsustainedbytheruleoflawandtheprotectionofminorities.Andwhenthesoulofanationfinallyeaks,theititutiothatarisemayreflectcustomsandtraditioverydifferentfromourown.Americawillnotimposeourownstyleofgovernmentontheunwilling.Ourgoaliteadistohelpothersfindtheirownvoice,attaintheirownfreedom,andmaketheirownway.Thegreatobjectiveofendingtyrayistheconcentratedworkofgeneratio.Thedifficultyofthetaskisnoexcuseforavoidingit.Americasinfluenceisnotunlimited,butfortunatelyfortheoreed,Americasinfluenceiscoiderable,andwewilluseitconfidentlyinfreedomscause.Mymostsolemndutyistoprotectthisnationanditspeopleagaitfurtherattacksandemergingthreats.SomehaveunwiselychosentotestAmericasresolve,andhavefounditfirm.Wewillpersistentlyclarifythechoicebeforeeveryrulerandeverynation:Themoralchoicebetweenoreion,whichisalwayswrong,andfreedom,whichiseternallyright.Americawillnotpretendthatjaileddiidentsprefertheirchai,orthatwomenwelehumiliationandservitude,orthatanyhumanbeingairestoliveatthemercyofbullies.Wewillencouragereforminothergovernmentsbymakingclearthatsueinourrelatiowillrequirethedecenttreatmentoftheirownpeople.Americasbeliefinhumandignitywillguideourpolicies,yetrightsmustbemorethanthegrudgingconceioofdictatortheyaresecuredbyfreedientandtheparticipationofthegoverned.Inthelongrun,thereisnojusticewithoutfreedom,andtherecanbenohumanrightswithouthumanliberty.Some,Iknow,havequestionedtheglobalaealofliberty-thoughthistimeinhistory,fourdecadesdefinedbytheswiftestadvanceoffreedomeverseen,isanoddtimefordoubt.America,ofallpeople,shouldneverbesurprisedbythepowerofourideals.Eventually,thecalloffreedomestoeverymindandeverysoul.Wedonotaepttheexistenceofpermanenttyraybecausewedonotaeptthepoibilityofpermanentslavery.Libertywilletothosewholoveit.Today,Americaeaksanewtothepeoplesoftheworld:Allwholiveintyrayandhopeleecanknow:theUnitedStateswillnotignoreyouroreion,orexcuseyouroreors.Whenyoustandforyourliberty,wewillstandwithyou.Democraticreformersfacingrepreion,prison,orexilecanknow:Americaseesyouforwhoyouare:thefutureleadersofyourfreecountry.TherulersofoutlawregimescanknowthatwestillbelieveasAbrahamLincolndid:Thosewhodenyfreedomtoothersdeserveitnotforthemselveand,undertheruleofajustGod,caotlongretainit.Theleadersofgovernmentswithlonghabitsofcontrolneedtoknow:Toserveyourpeopleyoumustlearntotrustthem.Startonthisjourneyofprogreandjustice,andAmericawillwalkatyourside.AndallthealliesoftheUnitedStatescanknow:wehonoryourfriendship,werelyonyourcouel,andwedependonyourhelp.Divisionamongfreenatioisaprimarygoaloffreedomsenemies.Theconcertedeffortoffreenatiotopromotedemocracyisapreludetoourenemiesdefeat.Today,Ialsoeakanewtomyfellowcitize:Fromallofyou,IhaveaskedpatienceinthehardtaskofsecuringAmerica,whichyouhavegrantedingoodmeasure.Ourcountryhasaeptedobligatiothataredifficulttofulfill,andwouldbedishonorabletoabandon.Yetbecausewehaveactedinthegreatliberatingtraditionofthisnation,teofmilliohaveachievedtheirfreedom.Andashopekindleshope,milliomorewillfindit.Byourefforts,wehavelitafireaswell-afireinthemindsofmen.Itwarmsthosewhofeelitspower,itburthosewhofightitsprogre,andonedaythisuntamedfireoffreedomwillreachthedarkestcornersofourworld.AfewAmericahaveaeptedthehardestdutiesinthiscause-inthequietworkofintelligenceanddiplomacy.theidealisticworkofhelpingraiseupfreegovernments.thedangerousandnecearyworkoffightingourenemies.Somehaveshowntheirdevotiontoourcountryindeathsthathonoredtheirwholelives-andwewillalwayshonortheirnamesandtheirsacrifice.AllAmericahavewitneedthisidealism,andsomeforthefirsttime.Iaskouryoungestcitizetobelievetheevidenceofyoureyes.Youhaveseendutyandallegianceinthedeterminedfacesofoursoldiers.Youhaveseenthatlifeisfragile,andevilisreal,andcouragetriumphs.Makethechoicetoserveinacauselargerthanyourwants,largerthanyourself-andinyourdaysyouwilladdnotjusttothewealthofourcountry,buttoitscharacter.Americahasneedofidealismandcourage,becausewehaveeentialworkathome-theunfinishedworkofAmericanfreedom.Inaworldmovingtowardliberty,wearedeterminedtoshowthemeaningandpromiseofliberty.InAmericasidealoffreedom,citizefindthedignityandsecurityofeconomicindependence,iteadoflaboringontheedgeofsuistence.ThisisthebroaderdefinitionoflibertythatmotivatedtheHomesteadAct,theSocialSecurityAct,andtheG.I.BillofRights.Andnowwewillextendthisvisionbyreforminggreatititutiotoservetheneedsofourtime.TogiveeveryAmericanastakeinthepromiseandfutureofourcountry,wewillbringthehigheststandardstoourschools,andbuildanownershipsociety.Wewillwidentheownershipofhomesandbusinees,retirementsavingsandhealthiurance-preparingourpeopleforthechallengesoflifeinafreesociety.Bymakingeverycitizenanagentofhisorherowndestiny,wewillgiveourfellowAmericagreaterfreedomfromwantandfear,andmakeoursocietymoreproerousandjustandequal.InAmericasidealoffreedom,thepublicinterestdependsonprivatecharacter-onintegrity,andtolerancetowardothers,andtheruleofcocienceinourownlives.Self-governmentrelies,intheend,onthegoverningoftheself.Thatedificeofcharacterisbuiltinfamilies,suortedbymunitieswithstandards,andsustainedinournationallifebythetruthsofSinai,theSermonontheMount,thewordsoftheKoran,andthevariedfaithsofourpeople.Americamoveforwardineverygenerationbyreaffirmingallthatisgoodandtruethatcamebefore-idealsofjusticeandconductthatarethesameyesterday,today,andforever.InAmericasidealoffreedom,theexerciseofrightsiseobledbyservice,andmercy,andaheartfortheweak.Libertyforalldoesnotmeanindependencefromoneanother.Ournationreliesonmenandwomenwholookafteraneighborandsurroundthelostwithlove.America,atourbest,valuethelifeweseeinoneanother,andmustalwaysrememberthateventheunwantedhaveworth.Andourcountrymustabandonallthehabitsofracism,becausewecaotcarrythemeageoffreedomandthebaggageofbigotryatthesametime.Fromtheperectiveofasingleday,includingthisdayofdedication,theiuesandquestiobeforeourcountryaremany.Fromtheviewpointofcenturies,thequestiothatetousarenarrowedandfew.Didourgenerationadvancethecauseoffreedom?Anddidourcharacterbringcredittothatcause?Thesequestiothatjudgeusalsouniteus,becauseAmericaofeverypartyandbackground,Americabychoiceandbybirth,areboundtooneanotherinthecauseoffreedom.Wehaveknowndivisio,whichmustbehealedtomoveforwardingreatpurposes-andIwillstriveingoodfaithtohealthem.YetthosedivisiodonotdefineAmerica.Wefelttheunityandfellowshipofournationwhenfreedomcameunderattack,andourreoecamelikeasinglehandoverasingleheart.AndwecanfeelthatsameunityandpridewheneverAmericaactsforgood,andthevictimsofdisasteraregivenhope,andtheunjustencounterjustice,andthecaptivesaresetfree.Wegoforwardwithpleteconfidenceintheeventualtriumphoffreedom.Notbecausehistoryruonthewheelsofinevitability;itishumanchoicesthatmoveevents.NotbecausewecoiderourselvesachosennatioGodmovesandchoosesasHewills.Wehaveconfidencebecausefreedomisthepermanenthopeofmankind,thehungerindarkplaces,thelongingofthesoul.WhenourFoundersdeclaredaneworderoftheagewhensoldiersdiedinwaveuponwaveforaunionbasedonliberty;whencitizemarchedinpeacefuloutrageunderthebaerFreedomNow-theywereactingonanancienthopethatismeanttobefulfilled.Historyhasaneandflowofjustice,buthistoryalsohasavisibledirection,setbylibertyandtheAuthorofLiberty.WhentheDeclarationofIndependencewasfirstreadinpublicandtheLibertyBellwassoundedincelebration,awitnesaid,Itrangasifitmeantsomething.Inourtimeitmeasomethingstill.America,inthisyoungcentury,proclaimslibertythroughoutalltheworld,andtoalltheinhabitantsthereof.Renewedinourstrength-tested,butnotweary-wearereadyforthegreatestachievementsinthehistoryoffreedom. Jan.20,xxVicePresidentCheney,Mr.ChiefJustice,PresidentCarter,PresidentBush,PresidentClinton,reverendclergy,distinguishedguests,fellowcitize:Onthisday,prescribedbylawandmarkedbyceremony,wecelebratethedurablewisdomofourCotitution,andrecallthedeepmitmentsthatuniteourcountry.Iamgratefulforthehonorofthishour,mindfulofthecoequentialtimesinwhichwelive,anddeterminedtofulfilltheoaththatIhaveswornandyouhavewitneed.Atthissecondgathering,ourdutiesaredefinednotbythewordsIuse,butbythehistorywehaveseentogether.Forahalfcentury,Americadefendedourownfreedombystandingwatchondistantborders.Aftertheshipwreckofmunismcameyearsofrelativequiet,yearsofrepose,yearsofsaatical-andthentherecameadayoffire.Wehaveseenourvulnerability-andwehaveseenitsdeepestsource.Foraslongaswholeregiooftheworldsimmerinresentmentandtyray-prooideologiesthatfeedhatredandexcusemurder-violencewillgather,andmultiplyindestructivepower,andcrothemostdefendedborders,andraiseamortalthreat.Thereisonlyoneforceofhistorythatcanbreakthereignofhatredandresentment,andexposethepreteiooftyrants,andrewardthehopesofthedecentandtolerant,andthatistheforceofhumanfreedom.Weareled,byeventsandmonsee,tooneconclusion:Thesurvivaloflibertyinourlandincreasinglydependsonthesueoflibertyinotherlands.Thebesthopeforpeaceinourworldistheexpaionoffreedominalltheworld.Americasvitalinterestsandourdeepestbeliefsarenowone.FromthedayofourFounding,wehaveproclaimedthateverymanandwomanonthisearthhasrights,anddignity,andmatchlevalue,becausetheybeartheimageoftheMakerofHeavenandearth.Acrothegeneratiowehaveproclaimedtheimperativeofself-government,becausenooneisfittobeamaster,andnoonedeservestobeaslave.AdvancingtheseidealsisthemiionthatcreatedourNation.Itisthehonorableachievementofourfathers.Nowitistheurgentrequirementofournationssecurity,andthecallingofourtime.SoitisthepolicyoftheUnitedStatestoseekandsuortthegrowthofdemocraticmovementsandititutioineverynationandculture,withtheultimategoalofendingtyrayinourworld.Thisisnotprimarilythetaskofarms,thoughwewilldefendourselvesandourfriendsbyforceofarmswhenneceary.Freedom,byitsnature,mustbechosen,anddefendedbycitize,andsustainedbytheruleoflawandtheprotectionofminorities.Andwhenthesoulofanationfinallyeaks,theititutiothatarisemayreflectcustomsandtraditioverydifferentfromourown.Americawillnotimposeourownstyleofgovernmentontheunwilling.Ourgoaliteadistohelpothersfindtheirownvoice,attaintheirownfreedom,andmaketheirownway.Thegreatobjectiveofendingtyrayistheconcentratedworkofgeneratio.Thedifficultyofthetaskisnoexcuseforavoidingit.Americasinfluenceisnotunlimited,butfortunatelyfortheoreed,Americasinfluenceiscoiderable,andwewilluseitconfidentlyinfreedomscause.Mymostsolemndutyistoprotectthisnationanditspeopleagaitfurtherattacksandemergingthreats.SomehaveunwiselychosentotestAmericasresolve,andhavefounditfirm.Wewillpersistentlyclarifythechoicebeforeeveryrulerandeverynation:Themoralchoicebetweenoreion,whichisalwayswrong,andfreedom,whichiseternallyright.Americawillnotpretendthatjaileddiidentsprefertheirchai,orthatwomenwelehumiliationandservitude,orthatanyhumanbeingairestoliveatthemercyofbullies.Wewillencouragereforminothergovernmentsbymakingclearthatsueinourrelatiowillrequirethedecenttreatmentoftheirownpeople.Americasbeliefinhumandignitywillguideourpolicies,yetrightsmustbemorethanthegrudgingconceioofdictatortheyaresecuredbyfreedientandtheparticipationofthegoverned.Inthelongrun,thereisnojusticewithoutfreedom,andtherecanbenohumanrightswithouthumanliberty.Some,Iknow,havequestionedtheglobalaealofliberty-thoughthistimeinhistory,fourdecadesdefinedbytheswiftestadvanceoffreedomeverseen,isanoddtimefordoubt.America,ofallpeople,shouldneverbesurprisedbythepowerofourideals.Eventually,thecalloffreedomestoeverymindandeverysoul.Wedonotaepttheexistenceofpermanenttyraybecausewedonotaeptthepoibilityofpermanentslavery.Libertywilletothosewholoveit.Today,Americaeaksanewtothepeoplesoftheworld:Allwholiveintyrayandhopeleecanknow:theUnitedStateswillnotignoreyouroreion,orexcuseyouroreors.Whenyoustandforyourliberty,wewillstandwithyou.Democraticreformersfacingrepreion,prison,orexilecanknow:Americaseesyouforwhoyouare:thefutureleadersofyourfreecountry.TherulersofoutlawregimescanknowthatwestillbelieveasAbrahamLincolndid:Thosewhodenyfreedomtoothersdeserveitnotforthemselveand,undertheruleofajustGod,caotlongretainit.Theleadersofgovernmentswithlonghabitsofcontrolneedtoknow:Toserveyourpeopleyoumustlearntotrustthem.Startonthisjourneyofprogreandjustice,andAmericawillwalkatyourside.AndallthealliesoftheUnitedStatescanknow:wehonoryourfriendship,werelyonyourcouel,andwedependonyourhelp.Divisionamongfreenatioisaprimarygoaloffreedomsenemies.Theconcertedeffortoffreenatiotopromotedemocracyisapreludetoourenemiesdefeat.Today,Ialsoeakanewtomyfellowcitize:Fromallofyou,IhaveaskedpatienceinthehardtaskofsecuringAmerica,whichyouhavegrantedingoodmeasure.Ourcountryhasaeptedobligatiothataredifficulttofulfill,andwouldbedishonorabletoabandon.Yetbecausewehaveactedinthegreatliberatingtraditionofthisnation,teofmilliohaveachievedtheirfreedom.Andashopekindleshope,milliomorewillfindit.Byourefforts,wehavelitafireaswell-afireinthemindsofmen.Itwarmsthosewhofeelitspower,itburthosewhofightitsprogre,andonedaythisuntamedfireoffreedomwillreachthedarkestcornersofourworld.AfewAmericahaveaeptedthehardestdutiesinthiscause-inthequietworkofintelligenceanddiplomacy.theidealisticworkofhelpingraiseupfreegovernments.thedangerousandnecearyworkoffightingourenemies.Somehaveshowntheirdevotiontoourcountryindeathsthathonoredtheirwholelives-andwewillalwayshonortheirnamesandtheirsacrifice.AllAmericahavewitneedthisidealism,andsomeforthefirsttime.Iaskouryoungestcitizetobelievetheevidenceofyoureyes.Youhaveseendutyandallegianceinthedeterminedfacesofoursoldiers.Youhaveseenthatlifeisfragile,andevilisreal,andcouragetriumphs.Makethechoicetoserveinacauselargerthanyourwants,largerthanyourself-andinyourdaysyouwilladdnotjusttothewealthofourcountry,buttoitscharacter.Americahasneedofidealismandcourage,becausewehaveeentialworkathome-theunfinishedworkofAmericanfreedom.Inaworldmovingtowardliberty,wearedeterminedtoshowthemeaningandpromiseofliberty.InAmericasidealoffreedom,citizefindthedignityandsecurityofeconomicindependence,iteadoflaboringontheedgeofsuistence.ThisisthebroaderdefinitionoflibertythatmotivatedtheHomesteadAct,theSocialSecurityAct,andtheG.I.BillofRights.Andnowwewillextendthisvisionbyreforminggreatititutiotoservetheneedsofourtime.TogiveeveryAmericanastakeinthepromiseandfutureofourcountry,wewillbringthehigheststandardstoourschools,andbuildanownershipsociety.Wewillwidentheownershipofhomesandbusinees,retirementsavingsandhealthiurance-preparingourpeopleforthechallengesoflifeinafreesociety.Bymakingeverycitizenanagentofhisorherowndestiny,wewillgiveourfellowAmericagreaterfreedomfromwantandfear,andmakeoursocietymoreproerousandjustandequal.InAmericasidealoffreedom,thepublicinterestdependsonprivatecharacter-onintegrity,andtolerancetowardothers,andtheruleofcocienceinourownlives.Self-governmentrelies,intheend,onthegoverningoftheself.Thatedificeofcharacterisbuiltinfamilies,suortedbymunitieswithstandards,andsustainedinournationallifebythetruthsofSinai,theSermonontheMount,thewordsoftheKoran,andthevariedfaithsofourpeople.Americamoveforwardineverygenerationbyreaffirmingallthatisgoodandtruethatcamebefore-idealsofjusticeandconductthatarethesameyesterday,today,andforever.InAmericasidealoffreedom,theexerciseofrightsiseobledbyservice,andmercy,andaheartfortheweak.Libertyforalldoesnotmeanindependencefromoneanother.Ournationreliesonmenandwomenwholookafteraneighborandsurroundthelostwithlove.America,atourbest,valuethelifeweseeinoneanother,andmustalwa
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