高考英语虚拟语气(23张ppt).ppt

虚拟语气,高三语法复习,Subjunctive Mood,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 五、几种特殊的虚拟语气,二、虚拟语气的主要内容,一、非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用虚拟语气。,考题点击： I am not free today. If I _free today , I _ and visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go 2. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going . A. had been , would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented 3.If I were to see Tom, what _ you _ me to tell him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask,B,A,C,注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气 典型例题 1) The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 2) - Would you have called her up _ possible? - Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would be,B,该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。,问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用 would have called, 从句中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。,A,注意2.虚拟倒装句,1.Were it (=If it were) not for their help,we couldnt have got over the difficulties. 2.Had I (=If I had) known about it,I would have told you. 3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call, please take a message. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? (01 上海) Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,C,注意3.错综条件句 (主从句描述的时间不一致） If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would know B. had asked would have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know,D,If you _ (not buy) the ticket last week, how _ you go now? If I _ (be) you, I _(take) his advice then.,hadnt bought,were,would have taken,would,注意4. 含蓄虚拟条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他代替条件句。,I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.,He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it .,But for your help, I would not have succeeded.,Without you help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.,I went by plane; otherwise I _ much longer time. A.could take B.would take C.will have taken D.would have taken,D,2.Without your help, we _ such rapid progress. A. couldnt make B. wouldnt make C. will not have made D. wouldnt have made 3.Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived,D,C,二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.“wish +宾语从句” “if only +句子” 用在虚拟语气中, 表不能实现的愿望,wish + 宾语从句,1一般过去式 （表“现在的假设”) 2. would/could do (表“将来的假设”) 3. had done 或would/could have done （表“过去的假设”),were,had studied,would rain,I wish I_ (be) as tall as you. I wish I _ (study) harder before. I wish it (rain) tomorrow,If only +从句!=How I wish+从句! 要是就好了 1). If only he could come! (他要能来就好了) = How I wish he could come! 2). If only I had known the answer! (我要早知答案就好了.)=How I wish I had known the answer! 比较if only与only if （只有） I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung.,If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie,C,(lie 躺，lay, lain),2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。 常见的动词有:一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose; 四项要求demand, request, require, desire; 注意: suggest表 暗示表明 时 insist表坚持认为，坚持说时不用虚拟语气,He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves. The doctor suggested that she (should) have an operation at once.,考题点击：,1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I so. A. didnt do B. hadnt done C.havent done D. couldnt do 2.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden. A.has B.had C.will had D.had had 3. The teacher ordered that students_. A. mustnt smoke B. not smoke C. smoked D. had smoked 4.The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. finish C. should finish D. be finished,B,B,B,D,三、主语从句中的虚拟语气,基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that+(should)+动词原形+,过去分词：suggested, requested, ordered, proposed,It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. Its suggested that everybody (should) buy a dictionary.,2. It be+形容词+that+(should)+动词原形+ 形容词:important, necessary, natural, right,proper, funny, strange, surprising,It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. Its important that we (should) take good care of the patient.,3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that + (should)+动词原形+,考题点击： Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told 3.It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library. A. should allow B. be allowed C. will be allowed D. is allowed,D,B,B,四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice , decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中 要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。,My suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.,1)表语从句:,2)同位语从句:,I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,考题点击： His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 2.He gave an advice that they _ each other. A. helped B. must help C.help D.had helped 3.My suggestion is that a few more people _ there to help me. A. be sent B. have sent C. sent D. should sent,A,C,A,谓语动词,1. did （表现在的假设） 2.had done （表过去的假设） 3.would/might/could done （表将来的假设）,五 几种特殊的虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气用在as if (as though)引导的从句中,1)People treat me as if I _a superstar. (be) 2)He looked at me as though I _ something. (steal),were,had stolen,2.用在lest（以免）, for fear that （以免）和 in case引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用 (should)+动词原形 1.She closed the windows lest she _cold.（感冒） 2. He took his raincoat with him for fear that_ (下雨） 3. Heres some money in case you should need it.,catch,it rain,考题点击： 1. We felt as if we _ each other for years. A.knew B.were knowing C.had known D.have knowi