高考英语一轮复习基醇点聚焦Unit12CultureShock北师大版必修4.docx

Unit 12 Culture Shock话题：人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)1.stress v强调2.considerate adj.体贴的3.suit vt.适合4.actually adv.实际上5.shortcoming n.缺点6.consequently adv.所以；结果7.harmony n.和谐8.convenient adj.方便的9.treasure v.珍惜；珍藏10.appreciate v.感激；欣赏11.communicate v.交流；沟通12.precious adj.珍贵的13.respect v.尊敬14.relationship n.关系15.realize v.意识到16.pay a visit to拜访17.fall in love with相爱；爱上18.trust each other相互信任19.turn to sb.for help向某人求助20.look down upon看不起；轻视1.If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.如果你方便的话，我们8：30在学校大门外见面吧。2.It is considerate of you to inform me of the delay of the sports meeting. 告知我运动会延期了，你考虑真是周到。3.The boy is so shy that it is hard for him to communicate with others in a new school.这个男孩那么害羞，所以对于他来说，在一个新的学校里与别人交流是很困难的。(2016全国卷丙书面表达)假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1表示歉意；2说明原因；3另约时间。Dear Bob， Im sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.Yours，Li Hua 1tip v给小费n.小费2toast n.烤面包；祝酒_，干杯3cheque n.支票4wander vi.漫游，闲逛5laughter n.笑；笑声6anyhow adv.总之，反正；不管怎样7modest adj.谦虚的；适度的8eastern adj.东方国家的；东部的9lift n.搭车10blanket n.毛毡，毯子11parcel n.邮包，包裹12aspect n.方面13broad adj.各种各样的；广阔的14appetite n.食欲，胃口15detective n.侦探1book vt.预约，预订2manners n.礼貌3indicate vt.表明；表示4familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的5absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收6whisper vi.低语，耳语7owe vt.欠(情、债等)8conduct vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)；实施9export vt.出口，输出10contrary adj.相反的11exchange vt.兑换，交换12request n.请求13attach vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定14bear vt.携带；容忍15forgive vt.宽恕，饶恕1brief adj.短暂的，简短的 briefly adv.简要地2expectation n. 期待的事物，预期expect vt. 期待，预料expected adj. 预期的，预料之中的expectant adj. 期待的；预期的；期望的3majority n. 大半，大多数major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修4reasonable adj. 合理的，正当的reason n. 理由 v. 推论；劝说reasonably adv. 合理地；相当地5curiously adv. 奇怪地；好奇地curious adj. 好奇的curiosity n. 好奇心6movement n. 动作；活动move v. 移动；感动movable adj. 可移动的7cautious adj. 小心翼翼的，谨慎的caution n. 小心，谨慎8injure vt. 伤害injury n. 伤害，损害injured adj. 受伤的9erupt vi.爆发；喷发eruption n爆发10belong vi. 适应；属于belongings n. 所有物；财产11addition n. 相加，增加物add vt. 增加，加，增添；补充说additional adj. 补充的，额外的，附加的用所给词的适当形式填空1The mayor expressed his satisfaction with the meeting. In addition,_he added that the local government would create an additional 200 jobs. (add)2My parents had expected me to perform well. When the match was over，I saw their expectant faces.I felt ashamed，for I failed to live up to their expectations(expect)3The car is in reasonably good condition and the price is also reasonable，so I dont know the reason why the man didnt buy it.(reason)4I was always curious about some new things.To satisfy my curiosity，I opened the parcel.When I was opening it，my son was watching me curiously(curious)5The soldier was injured in the fire and we were all worried about his injuryThen word came that the injured soldier had been sent to the best hospital.(injure)1give.a_lift让搭车2see.off给(某人)送行3belong_to属于4insist_on_doing_sth.坚决要求做某事5stare_at盯着看6be_attached_to依附于7take.seriously严肃地看待8in_poor_condition状况不好9be_sensitive_to对敏感10get_used_to习惯于11at_least至少12contrary_to与相反13put/bring.to_an_end结束选用上面的短语填空My aunt used to be 1.in_poor_conditionOne day she would fly to the USA to see the doctor and I went to 2.see_her_off at the airport.Before she went aboard，we had a friendly talk，which was to change my whole life.She asked me to 3.get_used_to my college life as soon as possible and not to 4.be_sensitive_to criticism.Above all，5.take my study seriously.1特殊疑问词不定式结构，在句中作宾语Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.【仿写】我真的不知道关于这种事说什么。I really dont know what_to_say about such a thing.2have a difficult time (in) doing sth.做某事有困难When I first arrived in San Francisco，I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.【仿写】因为有这么多的问题要解决，经理经营这个公司将会有很大的困难。With so many things to deal with，the manager will have_a_difficult_time_(in)_operating the company.3名词短语the last time“上次的时候”，用作连词引导时间状语从句I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.【仿写】上次我游黄山时被它的美景迷住了。I was attracted by the beautiful scenery of Mount Huang the_last_time_I_visited_it跟动名词或不定式作宾语的动词； 现在分词的用法单句语法填空1The girl always avoids meeting(meet) him，because she doesnt like him.2To be honest, I didnt mean to_hurt(hurt) you. Would you forgive me, please?3Working(work) hard at your lessons，you are bound to succeed in time.4Even if she can afford to_go(go) to Hong Kong，she wouldnt go there.5The man speaking(speak) to our teacher there is our new headmaster. owe vt.欠(情、债)等(教材P36)I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often.我确实应该因不能经常给你写信而向你道歉。(1)owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb. 欠某人某物owe.to. 把归因于owe it to sb.that. 多亏了某人(2)owing to. 因为，由于I owe my success to my teachers kind help and encouragement!我把成功归功于老师的热心帮助和鼓励。He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life.他把他的身体健康归功于充分的锻炼和有规律的生活。基础练习单句语法填空(1)Our trading connection has broken off owing(owe) to a disagreement over prices.(2)I owe it to you that I made such great progress in my spoken English.(3)Owing(owe) to my lack of experience, I didnt do the work well.能力提升单句写作(4)由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。Owing_to_the_bad_weather,_the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.(5)我必须说我的这些成就都应归功于我的同事和朋友们的鼓励和帮助。I must say I owe_all_the_achievements_to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends. absorbvt.理解，掌握；吸收；吞并；使全神贯注(教材P36) Ive just been so busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around meI think Im still experiencing culture shock.我一直忙于学习，尽力了解身边的新事物我觉得自己仍然一直在经历文化冲击。absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意be absorbed by/into. 被吞并；被所吸收be absorbed/buried in 全神贯注于；专心于(2015天津高考单项填空)Absorbed in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.由于专心绘画， 约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 A good book can absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings.一本好书能如此完全吸引我们的注意力以至于我们暂时忘掉了我们周围的环境。基础练习单句语法填空(1)(2016北京高考)However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed(absorb)(2)The surrounding small towns have_been_absorbed(absorb) into the city.能力提升一句多译汤姆专心于工作， 忘记了通知她这件事。 (3)Tom was_so_absorbed_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(4)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(改为含so.that.的倒装句)(5)Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform her of it.(用过去分词短语作状语) exchange vt. vi.兑换，交换n交换；交流；互换(经典例句)We students should often exchange ideas with our parents, who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.我们学生应该经常和父母交流思想， 他们经验丰富， 而且最重要的是， 他们是在这个世界上最爱我们的人。 (1)exchange sth.for sth.用来交换exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(2)in exchange for 交换(2016江苏高考)The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions.网络使我们能够与很多其他人交换想法来检查我们的主张、判断我们的行为。Where can I exchange my American money for foreign money？我在哪儿可以把美元兑换成外汇？基础练习单句改错(1)I am going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB into dollars in the bank. intofor(2)Ive offered to paint the kitchen in exchange of a weeks accommodation. offor 能力提升高考小作文(3)(2015重庆高考书面表达)与此同时， 他们彼此交流思想和情感， 通过这些他们能获得更多的知识。 Meanwhile, they exchange_ideas_and_feelings_with_each_other,_through which they probably acquire more knowledge. majority n大半，大多数(教材P36)But even though some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and Ive made some good friends.虽然有些英国人十分奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。(1)a/the majority of.大多数be in a/the majority构成大部分/大多数(2)major nv.专业； 主修major in主修；以为专业(3)minority n.少数in the minority占少数 (2016天津高考)The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme.他们大多数在开始课程之前要进行一个网上语言测试。The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.在澳大利亚， 白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。a/the majority of名词， 表示“大多数”， 谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时， 谓语动词用单复数均可。基础练习单句语法填空(1)With the prices going up, the majority of people find(find) it hard to live on the amount of money they get.(2)The majority were/was(be) on the Englands team, which greatly disappointed them.(3)I graduated from Chongqing Normal University and majored in information management.能力提升高考小作文(4)(2015浙江高考书面表达)我们对于组织班级活动可能有不同的观点。当我有不同观点时，我会选择放弃，尊重大多数人的观点。We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；表示；暗示(经典例句)His attitude indicates that he is not very happy with what you are doing.他的态度暗示他对你的所作所为不是很高兴。(1)indicate sth.(to sb.)指示；指出；标示indicate that/whclause表示；示意(2)indication n.暗示；表示；预兆(3)indicator指示器 Her tone indicated that she didnt believe a word of my explanation.她的语气说明，她对我的解释一个字也不信。With a nod of his head，he indicated to me where I should sit.他点头示意我应坐的地方。基础练习单句语法填空(1)He indicated that an indicator should give me some indication of how I did in the test. (indicate) (2)Just as the story indicates(indication)，“Where there is life，there is hope.”(3)As is indicated(indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad.能力提升单句改错(4)There is some research indicated that the economy is improving. indicated_indicating(5)A red sky at night is often a indication of fine weather the next day. aan request nvt.请求；要求(经典例句)All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。 (1)make a request for请求；要求at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求(2)request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事request that.(should) do.请求/要求做某事It is requested that.(should) do.要求 No photos of the girl were printed at the request of her family.依照女孩家人的要求，没有刊登女孩的照片。The workers requested that their working conditions (should) be improved.工人们要求进一步改善他们的工作条件。基础练习单句语法填空(1)They have made an urgent request for international aid.(2)Everyone arrived at the hall at the request of the manager.(3)It is requested that every guest present at the party (should)_bring(bring) a gift.能力提升一句多译我父母要求我再学一门外语。 (4)My parents requested that I (should)_learn_a_second_foreign_language(5)My parents requested me to_learn_a_second_foreign_language familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的(教材P40)Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.当金丽到达美国后不久，她发现美国人的生活方式很熟悉。sb.be familiar with sth.某人对某物很熟悉sth.be familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉Since I am familiar with Beijing，I can help visitors find their way in the city.因为我熟悉北京，所以可以给游客指路。He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own.他谈起其他文化时似乎比对他自己的文化还要熟悉。The children are too familiar with their teacher.这帮孩子对老师过于随便。基础练习单句语法填空(1)This nursery rhyme is very familiar to me.(2)Most of Chinese people are familiar with this musician.能力提升一句多译他总是乐于帮助他人， 因此大家都熟悉他。 (3)He is always willing to help others, so everyone here is_familiar_with him.(4)He is always willing to help others, so he is_familiar_to everyone here. belongvi.适应；属于(经典例句)As is known to us, China is a country belonging to the Third World.众所周知， 中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。 (1)belong to属于(不能用于进行时态和被动语态)(2)belongings n. 财产；所有物；相关事物In my opinion，the new car may belong to the girl living in that building.依我看来，这辆新车可能是住在那座楼的那个女孩的。In my opinion，youd better put the book where/to which it belongs.依我看来，你最好把书放回应放置的地方。基础练习单句语法填空(1)(2016浙江高考)We had to keep track of our belongings(belong), and if something was lost，it was not replaced. (2)This building has a long history, which belongs(belong) to an old businessman.(3)(2016北京高考)Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging(belong)能力提升高考小作文(4)(四川高考书面表达)作为一名理科生， 我一直在复习语、 数、 外、 理、 化、 生， 这些都属于高考科目。 As a science student, I have been reviewing Chinese, Maths, English, Physics, Chemistry and Biology, which_all_belong_to_the_College_Entrance_Examination_subjects attach vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定；附上，贴上；联在一起(教材P42)At first，we didnt feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the land we live on.起初，我们认为自己并不属于这里，但是现在我们已与我们所居住的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。(1)attach.to.把固定/附在上attach great importance/significance to sth.认为有重要性/意义(2)attached adj.依恋的be attached to附属于； 依恋 (天津高考)My parents always attach great importance to my getting a good education.我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。 基础练习单句语法填空(1)I wonder if you have attached a recent photograph to your application form.(2)(2016全国卷乙书面表达)So I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.(3)She found herself growing deeply attached(attach) to the handsome boy.能力提升一句多译他如此迷恋网络游戏以至于他经常旷课。(4)He is so_attached_to_the_network_games_that he is often absent from class.(5)So_attached_to_the_network_games，he is often absent from class.(过去分词短语作状语)(6)Attaching_himself_to_the_network_games_so_much，he is often absent from class.(现在分词短语作状语) bear vt.(bore，borne/born)携带；容忍；忍受，忍耐；负担，承担；生育(2016浙江高考书面表达)However，a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out.然而，一个计划不实际付诸于实施是无用的。一词多义写出下列句中bear的含义(1)It would be unjust for him to bear the great expenses personally.承担(2)I cant bear young people casting away their youth.忍受(3)She bore him three sons，but she was deserted by him.生育cant bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事bear sb./sb.s doing忍受某人做某事bear sth.in mind牢记某事She cant bear to be parted from her baby daughter.她受不了和她刚出生的女儿分开。The teacher always asks his students to keep/bear it in mind that sometimes the rough road is the only access to the peak.老师总是告诫同学们，有时艰难的道路是通向顶峰的唯一途径。表示“忍耐，忍受”的单词和短语还有：stand, tolerate, put up with等。How could these animals stand the hot weather there?这些动物怎么受得了那里如此炎热的天气？Some old people dont like pop songs because they cant tolerate much noise.一些老年人不喜欢流行歌曲，因为他们受不了大的噪音。We cant change the bad weather, so we must put up with it.我们改变不了这种坏天气，所以只好忍受它。基础练习单句语法填空(1)I cant bear people smoking(smoke) while theyre eating.(2)You must bear it in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.(3)Why did Bob cry?He couldnt bear being_laughed/to_be_laughed(laugh) at before the whole class.能力提升单句写作(4)(福建高考书面表达)妈妈经常提醒我要记住“失败乃成功之母”。My mother often reminds me to bear_in_mind_that_failure_is_the_mother_of_success(5)他是一个总是吃苦在前， 享乐在后的人。He is always the first to_bear_hardships and the last to enjoy comforts. forgive vt. (forgave，forgiven)宽恕，饶恕；原谅(经典例句)She eventually forgave him for forgetting her birthday the other day.不久前的一天她终于原谅了他忘记自己生日的这件事。 forgive me请原谅；对不起forgive ones doing sth.原谅某人做了某事forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事forgive and forget摒弃前嫌 Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.请原谅我耽搁了你这么多时间， 并接受我极其诚恳的祝福： 祝你健康幸福。 Believe it or not, Ill forgive you the debt. vt. 免除(债务)基础练习单句语法填空(1)Being_forgiven(forgive) for the past is the most precious gift we can receive.(2)Forgive me for interrupting, but I really dont agree with that.(3)When she realized what she had done，she begged his forgiveness(forgive)能力提升高考小作文(4)(江苏高考书面表达)不计前嫌也是一种美德， 尤其是在竞争如此激烈、 压力如此沉重的社会中。It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,_especially in such a competitive and stressful society. get used to习惯于(教材P36)Youre going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭。be/become/grow/get used/accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(暗示现在已经不做了) The Internet can be used to get large amounts of information.网络可以被用来获取大量的信息。We used to sit in the yard every evening and to listen to my grandpa tell stories.我们过去常常每天晚上坐在院子里，听我爷爷讲故事。巧学活用单句改错(1)He moved to this city. A few months later, he got used to live here. liveliving(2)The engineer used to doing some walking near the river, but now he has quit it. doingdo contrary to 与相反(经典例句)My sisters taste in dresses is contrary to my own. 在服装方面，我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。on the contrary (与所说的)正相反；相反，反之to the contrary相反的；相反地Contrary to popular belief，the animals do not often attack humans.和人们通常的看法相反，动物并不会经常攻击人类。It wasnt a good thing；on the contrary, it was a huge mistake.这不是件好事情，正相反，是个巨大的错误。巧学活用单句语法填空(1)Contrary to his parents advice, he dropped his study.(2)It doesnt seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think its rather beautiful. bring an end to.结束；制止(教材P46)The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the traditional Aboriginal way of life.白人的到来逐渐结束了传统的土著居民的生活方式。(1)come to an end结束bring/put sth.to an endbring/put an end to sth. 结束make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵，量入为出be at an end 结束(2)end up with 以结束end up doing sth. 最终/最后做某事All good things will come to an end，so you neednt feel depressed.一切美好事物终有结束之时，所以你不必消沉。Since John lost his job，we