2019年高考英语总复习 第一部分 教材梳理 Unit 3 Computers课件 新人教版必修2.ppt

Unit3,Computers,核心单词,universal,universally,universe,1_adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的_adv.,普遍地_n宇宙,simplify,simple,simply,2_vt.简化_adj.简单的_adv.,仅仅；简单地,operator,operate,operation,3_n(电脑)操作员；接线员_v操作；做手术_n手术4_adj.合逻辑的；合情理的_adv.逻,辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地,logical,logically,technology,technological,technique,5_n工艺；科技；技术_adj.科技的_n技术；技巧,6_n革命_adj.革命的,n,革命者,revolution,revolutionary,intelligence,7_n智力；聪明；智能_,adj.智能的；聪明的,intelligent,solve,solution,8_vt.解决；解答_n解决办法9_n真实；事实；现实_vt.实现_adj.真实的_adv.真正地,reality,realize,real,really,10_adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的_,adv.就个人而言；亲自,personal,personally,11_adj.总的；整个的,n总数；合计_,adv.完全地；整个地,total,totally,application,12_n应用；用途；申请_v申,请，适应_n申请人,apply,applicant,13_vt.itisa_(logic)consequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.2(2017年浙江卷阅读理解B)Getting_(little)sleephasbeeabadhabitformostAmericankids.3Tryto_(simple)yourexplanationtothestudentstohelpthemunderstandbetter.,4(2017年浙江卷阅读理解C)ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrola_(grow)immigrantpopulationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforwork,permits，orinsomecases，citizenship.,growing,hadwon,5BythetimeDalewasasenior,he_(win)everytop,honorinspeech.,appearance,totally,6Thereisanotherkindofbeautythathasnothingtodowith_(appear),butesfromtheheart.7Youngpeoplewantsomething_(total)differentfromtheoldways.,solution,todeal,arising,8Itmaytakealongtimetofinda_(solve)totheproblem.9Withsomanythings_(deal)with,Ihavetoworklateintothenight.10Withmanyproblems_(arise),hedidntknowwhattodonext.,1totaladj.总的；整个的,n总数；合计,atotalof总数为intotalinall总计；总共totallyadv.完全地；整个地【写作佳句】Icouldnttotallyagreewithhim,butwhathesaidwaspartlyreasonable.我不能完全同意他的观点，但他所说的有一部分是合理的。,totally,运用,单句语法填空,(1)Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexaminationand18ontheoral,making_totalof65.(2)Howmuchdoyouhavetopay_totalifthefourofyougotogether?(3)I_(total)agreewithwhatSusansaysaboutthebestpresent.,a,in,2applicationn应用；用途；申请onapplicationto索取；申请applyv.申请；涂；应用,applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物applyto适合，适用于applyfor申请；请求,applysth.tosth.把应用到中；涂、敷applyoneself/onesmindtosth./todoingsth.专心于【联想发散】,appliedadj.应用的；实用的applicantn申请人,learning,for,运用,单句语法填空,(1)(2017年北京卷阅读理解A)Taylorwill_(apply)tocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.(2)Thenewtechnology,if_(apply)toricegrowing,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.(3)Theoldmanmanagedtoenrichhisownculturallife,applyinghimselfto_(learn)English.(4)ItsIwhowouldliketoapply_theposition，vicepresidentofourschoolEnglishclub.,apply,applied,3signalvi.vt.发信号,n信号,signalfor用信号传达(某信息)signalsb.todosth.示意某人做某事signalwith用发信号asignalof/forsth.的信号【名师指津】signal过去式、过去分词可有两种形式，即signaled/signaled；signalled/signalled。,辨析,signal,sign,mark和symbol,(1)signal意为“信号”，常指约定俗成、用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光、声音或信号标志。(2)sign意为“记号，标记”，用法最广，可指符号(装置)，也可指情绪、性格的直观显示，还可指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指示牌、卡片等。借喻作“征兆，迹象”讲。(3)mark意为“标志，标记”，含义广泛，指事物留下的深刻印记或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物，比sign更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志，有时不一定十分直观或明显。(4)symbol意为“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案用来代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征。,mark,signal,symbol,sig,运用,用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空,(1)One_ofawritersgreatnessisthatdifferentmindscangetadifferentinspirationfromhisworks.(2)Aredlightisa_ofdanger,whichisevenknowntoafive-year-oldchild.(3)Inthepicturethetreeisthe_oflifeandthesnakeisthesymbolofevil.(4)Sir,youarenotallowedtowalkyourdogonthelawn.Dontyouseethe_“Keepoffthegrass”？,4arisevi.(arose,arisen)出现；发生；起身【名师指津】arise是不及物动词，后常接from，意为“产生于”。,辨析,arise,rise，raise，arouse,arisen,raised,rose,aroused,运用,用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空,Asweallknow,theproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrenhave_fromlackofmunication.Althoughthestandardoflivingwas_，Tomcouldntgetalongwellwithhismother.Hismothergotupthemomentthesun_intheeast.Sheworkedharddayandnighttosupportthefamily.Asaresult,shewasbadlyill,which_Tomeventually.,1asaresult结果；因此(做插入语),asaresultof因为；由于；作为的结果withtheresultthat.因此；结果是resultfrom起因于resultin导致【名师指津】,resultfrom与resultin的主语与宾语刚好对调，内在的因果,关系不能混淆。如：,Theaccidentresultedfromhiscarelessness.,Hiscarelessnessresultedintheaccident.他的粗心导致了,这次事故。,as,a,result,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)他犯了一个大错，结果丢了工作。Hemadeonebigmistake,and,_，losthisjob.(2)普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了癌症。Itsgenerallybelievedthathiscancer_the,overfulltiredness.,resulted,from,(3)如果你做事只求速度而导致错误，你或许会明白“欲速,则不达”。,resulting,in,as,a,Youmightlearnthathastemakeswasteifyoudosomethingsofast,_mistakes.(4)由于最近销量下降，利润也降低了。Profitshavedeclined_therecentdropinsales.,result,of,2inaway在某种程度上；从某一点上看ineveryway在各方面bytheway顺便说一下alltheway一直；全程,onthe/onesway(to)在途中；在去的路上bywayof取道；经由；为了intheway妨碍(某人),makeonesway前进；成功；有出息noway没门儿；肯定不innoway绝不；决不,【名师指津】innoway表示“决不，绝不”，置于句首时，句子部分倒装。,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)尽管我必须承认我当时很失望，但在某种程度上，我没有得到我所申请的职位是一件好事。_，itisagoodthingthatIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor,thoughImustadmitthatIwasdisappointedatthattime.,In,a,way,(2)他一路冲往车站，结果还是错过了火车。Herushed_tothestation,only,tomissthetrain.,all,the,way,(3)这艘船乘风破浪前进。Theship_throughthewindand,waves.,made,its,way,(4)史密斯夫人发现清理杂物很难，因为不管什么时候要去,做这件事，孩子们总是碍事。,in,the,way,Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemess,asherchildrenarealways_whenevershetriesto.,3dealwith处理；安排；对付；应付；论及；涉及；与打交道dealinsth.经营；买卖(某一产品)dealsth.out分发；分配havesomething/nothingtodowith.与有关/无关,辨析,dealwith和dowith,dealwith和dowith都可表示“对付；处理”之意，但dealwith中的deal是不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，how是dealwith的状语；而dowith中的do是及物动词，常与疑问词what连用，what是do的宾语。如：,Idontknowhowtheywilldealwiththeproblem.Idontknowwhattheywilldowiththeproblem.我不知道他们会如何处理这个问题。,运用,单句语法填空,(1)Iwonder_theydealtwiththesituation.(2)Hisarticledeal_ancientEgypt.(3)Theydealt_silkgoodsandmadeafortune.,how,with,with,4watchover看守；监视；照管watchout(for)当心,watchforsb./sth.观察等待某人出现或某事发生watchyourback小心一点；小心背后,watchyourstep注意脚下；小心台阶；小心谨慎【名师指津】,watchout一般用于祈使句，用来提醒对方“小心，注意”，,后接宾语；表示“注意”时，才加for。,watch,out,for,watch,over,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)银行职员已接到要求，要留意假钞。Thestaffinthebankwereaskedto_forgednotes.(2)当我不在时请照看我的狗。Please_mydogwhileImaway.(3)那只猫在墙上伺机捕捉鸟儿。Thecatwasonthewall，_.,watching,for,birds,原句1,AlthoughIwasyoungIcouldsimplifydifficultsums.,尽管当时我还年轻，但是我能简化一些数学难题。although是连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，主句里不可用but；若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。,辨析,although,though和as,(1)although和though同义，在一般情况下可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重。although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。(2)though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为“还是；仍然；可是；然而”。(3)as引导让步状语从句时必须用倒装，though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装，而although从句则不能倒装。,Although/Though,though,as/though,运用,用上面的辨析词填空,(1)_hehadonlyenteredthecontestforfun,hewonthefirstprize.(2)Shepromisedtophone.Iheardnothing,_.(3)Talented_heis,heisnotyetreadytoturnprofessional.,原句2,Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom,andI,wonderedifIwouldgrowanylarger.到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道我是否还会长得更大。(1)by是介词，意为“到为止；在之前”。(2)by引导的时间状语或从句如果是一般过去时，主句的谓语动词应该用haddone，如果谓语动词是be动词，应用was/were的形式；by引导的时间状语或从句如果是一般现在时，主句的谓语动词应该用will/shallhavedone或will/shallbe形式。注意：by可以表示“在旁；被；依照，依据”，还可以表示“方法，手段；拿、握某部位”等。,运用,单句语法填空,willbe,hadmoved,arrived,(1)(2017年江苏卷任务型阅读)Ifcurrenttrendsdontbend，Russiaspopulation_(be)aboutthesizeofYemensbythe,year2050.,by,willhavelearned,(2)Bythetimehegotthere,hisfriends_(move)on.(3)Bythetimewe_(arrive)atthecinema,thefilmhadstarted.(4)Iswitchtheradioon_pressingthisbutton.(5)Bytheendofthisterm,you_(learn)399newEnglishwords.,原句3,AsIhavegrownolderIhavealsogrownsmaller.随,着我年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。as是连词，意为“随着”，后面需要跟句子；而介词with也有“随着”之意，但其后面需要跟名词做宾语。as的其他用法：(1)用作连词时，意为“当时候；因为；由于；正如；如同；虽然；尽管”，当其表示“尽管”时，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序。(2)用作介词时，意为“像；如同；作为”。(3)用作副词时，意为“和一样”，常用于比较结构中，如“as.as.”。(4)用作关系代词时，引导定语从句，表示“正如”。,运用,单句改错,AsWith或goingwent,(1)Astimegoingby,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftotheschool,life.,WithAs或continuescontinuing,_(2)Withtheworldspopulationcontinuestogrow,thesupplyoffoodbeesmoreandmoreofaconcern._(3)Youngalthoughheis,hecouldhandletheproblem._,althoughthough/as,运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来,Withthehelpofscience1._technology,humanraceisnow2._(live)amuchhappierlifethanbefore.Taketheinventionoftheputerforexample.Itnotonlyhelpsussolvedifficultmathematicalproblems3._(save)time,butwecanalsotypeanymaterialorinformationintoourputertomunicatewithour4._(teammate)onourbusinessbythenetwork.Besides,itcantake5._placeofustodealwithmanydangeroussituationsunderthecontrolofthe,and,living,tosave,teammates,the,6._(program)Inaway,theiradvantagesareoverhumans,andthisiswhypeoplecreatesomerobotswithartificial7._(intelligent)tohelpushumanbeings.However,somepeopleareworriedthatdangerousproblemswillarise8._anyoveruseofhigh-tech.9._(person)speaking,Idisagreewithit.Anyhow,thetechnologycanmakeupfor10._(we)shortingsandhelpusdolotsofthings.Ifnot,whyhumancreateanddevelopthem?,programers,intelligence,from,Personally,our,阅读理解(四),阅读理解八个常考点解读之7、8：7观点态度,文章中作者对于某人或某事物的观点或态度，以及文章中涉及的其他人或组织机构的观点或态度也常受出题人青睐。考生解题时要留意文章中出现“doubt,appreciate,hate,against”等表达观点态度的词语的地方，以及一些带有感情色彩的特殊句式(祈使句、感叹句、反问句等)。考生在阅读时要学会揣摩作者的写作意图或想要表达的观点等。,【例】(2017年新课标卷),SomeoftheworldsmostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasa,unifying(联合)voiceacrosscultures.,Despitethecelebrations,though,intheUS.thejazzaudience,continuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.,ItsJasonMoransjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCentersartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.,“JazzseemslikeitsnotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite，”MorantellsNationalPublicRadiosreporterNeal,Conan.“WhatImhopingtoacplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwhiteanymore.Itsactuallycolor,anditsactuallydigital.”,Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthatthe,entertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.“Themusiccant,bepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthe,same，”saysMoran.,Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFats,Wallersmusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic，”saysMoran.“Forme,itstherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion(情感)lie?Arewe,ashumansgaininganyinsight,(感悟)onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingas,abstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusic,hasawidercontext，”saysMoran,“SoIwanttocontinuethose,dialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”,30WhatcanweinferaboutMoransopiniononjazz?AItwilldisappeargradually.BItremainsblackandwhite.,CItshouldkeepupwiththetimes.DItchangesevery50years.,解析：C推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Themusic,cantbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthe,same”可知Moran认为爵士乐应该与时俱进。说明随着时代的发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。,(2016年太原高三二模),At39weekspregnantmostwomenwouldonlybethinkingofracingtohospital.ButnotAmberMiller,whosetofftoruntheChicagoMarathonwhileexpectinghersecondchildanyday.Asshenearedthefinalstageoftherace,shebegantofeelpaininthestomach.Butthedeterminedathletemanagedtocrossthefinishlinein6hoursand25minutes.,UnbelievablytheChicagoracewasnotevenbabyJunesfirstmarathonMillerrantheWisconsinMarathonearlierthisyear,fourmonthspregnant.Shealsorananothermarathonwhenshewasaboutfourmonthspregnantwithherson,Caleb.,Althoughtherewasextraweight,theseasonedrunnerstime,wasjust3hoursoffherpersonalbest.,Millerbegantofeelpainneartheendoftherace,butshewas,notsureifitwaslabor(分娩),becauseshetypicallyfeelssome,painwhensherunswhilepregnant.AfterherraceherhusbanddrovehertoCentralDuPageHospitalinWinfieldwhereshegavebirthtothehealthy7pounds,13ouncebaby.,Millerdecidedtorunbecausesheandherhusbandhadalreadysignedupfortherace.Theathleticmothersaidsheexperiencedanenthusiasticwelefromcrowdsassheranalong.Butthedevotedrunner,whohadpletedeightmarathons,admittedthatshedidgetafewstrangelooksalongthecourse.,“IknowwhatIcanhandle.ThisissomethingIvebeendoingforalongtime，”theexperiencedmarathonrunnersaid.Junewasbornat10：29p.m.onSundaynightaftersevenhourslabor.“Shesabsolutelyperfect，”Millersaid.“Weare,extremelyhappy,butverytired.”,Afterhersurprisingdoubleachievement,Millersayssheisplanningtotakesometimeofftoconcentrateonbeingafull-timemom.,1Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?APeoplehavedifferentattitudestoMillersaction.BMillerwillsoonreturnforherfavouritemarathons.CThebabywasindangeratbirthbecauseoftherace.DMillerspersonalbestinmarathonswasover6hours.,解析：A,推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Theathleticmother,saidsheexperienced.getafewstrangelooksalongthecourse.”可知，人们对Miller怀孕仍坚持跑马拉松比赛有着不同的态度。故选A。,8引言,作者为论证自己的观点，常会引用其他人或组织机构的论断或其发现，出题人常会在此处设题。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点，也有可能是作者通过它来驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，同时也是出题者考查的热点区域，通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。,【例】(2015年湖北卷),Theoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Hereare,someexamples.,Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronaut,thelookofafunnyballet(芭蕾)dancer.“Imaninsideguy，”,MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation.“Iliketobewrappedup.”,Onthestation,theordinarybeesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,itsjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicroputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbon-dioxideyouexhale(呼气)hasatendencytoformaninvisible(隐形的)cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwith,whatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.,LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyour,seat.“Yourinnerearthinksyourefalling.Meanwhileyoureyesare,tellingyouyourestandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoyingthats,whysomepeoplefeelsick.”Withinacoupledaystrulyterrible,daysforsomeastronautsbrainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.,Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.ThatswhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars.,65Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause_.AtheirsensesstopworkingBtheyhavetostandupstraightCtheyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedlyDtheirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages,解析：D,推理判断题。根据第四段中“Yourinnerearthinks,yourefalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyourestandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoyingthatswhysomepeoplefeelsick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D。,(2016年东北三省四市教研联合体高考一模),Thefollowingsimpleexerciseroutineworksaswellas,prescriptionmedication(药物治疗)withoutthesideeffects.,Ajogadaycouldkeepyourheadachesatbay:Regularcardio,workouts(有氧锻炼)maypreventmigraines(偏头痛),agrowing,bodyofresearchsuggesting.,Migrainepatientshadfewerheadachesafterdoing40-minutecyclingworkoutsthreetimesaweekforthreemonths,accordingtoaSwedishstudy.,Theexerciseroutineworkedjustaswellasoneofthetopmigraine-preventingdrugs-topamiratebutwithoutthesideeffects,ofdepressionandtremors(颤抖),“Cardioworkoutscanhelpwithregularheadaches,too，