高中英语每日一题第2周每周一测含解析新人教版.docx

每周一测. 阅读理解APre-school children who spend time together take on one anothers personalities, new research had found. The study reveals that environment plays a key role I shaping peoples personalities.While genetics still forms the core of the human psyche(心灵), the research finds that personality traits are “contagious” among children.“Our finding that personality traits are “contagious” among children flies a face of common assumptions that personality is ingrained(根生蒂固的) and cant be changed,” said Dr Jennifer Neal, associate professor of psychology at Michigan State University and co-author of the study. “This is important because some personality traits can help children succeed in life, while others can hold them back.”The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classed for a full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and one a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. But children whose peers were anxious or easily frustrated did not take on these traits.The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits.A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. Researchers form Swedens Lund University claimed that even petty (微不足道的) behavior, like not inviting someone to a communal event or spreading rumors, can start the cycle off. The study found that seeing a supervisor being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them. Often, those who experienced rudeness would be rude to others.Dr Eva Torkelson, a psychologist at Lund University, said the most common cause of people acting rudely at work was imitating others.“An important finding form our study is that those who behave rudely in the work place experience stronger social support, which probably makes them less afraid of negative reactions to their behavior form managers and colleagues.”Dr Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do, as it can grow and damage the atmosphere in the office.1. What does the underlined word “contagious” mean in the second paragraph?A. Faulty.B. Influential.C. Harmful.D. Troublesome2. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that .A. children whose friends are hard-working can succeed more easilyB. children whose peers are easily frustrated can fail more easilyC. children of three years old have personalities that are more activeD. children of four years old have personalities that are less active3. The 2015 psychology study indicates that .A. rudeness at work should be banned totallyB. rudeness at work is beneficial occasionallyC. supervisors and employees can be influenced by the rudeness at workD. rudeness at work like “a disease” cannot be changed4. What can we conclude from Dr Eva Torkelson?A. People who behave rudely will not gain support at work.B. Bad behavior can be imitated in the workplace,C. Managers will be more friendly to their employees in the future.D. Rudeness can be a motivation for most employees.BMany kids help out around the house with chores(家庭杂务) such as emptying the dishwasher, putting laundry away, and taking out the trash. In exchange, some kids get allowances(补贴) or other rewards such as extra computer time.But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isnt worth doing unless you get something in return. Running any kind of household is a team effort, Susie said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. Its important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and that families decide together how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look.”Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed(兑取) either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall. “Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards,” says Chris Bergman, founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive reinforcement(强化) to help motivate them.”What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return?5. How does the author start the passage?A. By presenting some facts.B. By listing some evidence.C. By comparing different views.D. By stating his own experiences.6. According to Susie Walton, _.A. kids should be rewarded for doing choresB. parents decide what kids can do for the familyC. kids have the responsibility to share houseworkD. kids can get extra computer time for doing chores7. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The advantages of rewarding kids for doing chores. B. Chris Bergmans opinion on raising kids.C. Main reasons why kids need encouragement.D. How to motivate kids to try new applications.8. Whats the authors attitude toward rewarding kids for doing chores?A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Critical. D. Neutral. . 完形填空When you ask people why they work, a lot of them will say theyre “only in it for the money.” When you work for 1, you can be financially independent, and have some 2over your life.Sometimes money truly is the only reason a person works. But most people have some important 3 for working: some like to 4 their days doing something theyre good at, some feel 5 to use their skills.Usually, a person 6 for a sense of being accomplished, of being able to do things with his hands, with his mind, and with his will. Each of us wants to feel we 7 the ability to do something 8. You can see the carpenter(木匠) standing aside and 9 the product of his personal skill. For many people the 10 of work is harmful to their health. It has been observed that 11 brings enormous psychological trouble. Large numbers of people get headache on 12 when they dont have work to do.13 you didnt work and you had every day to yourself? You could choose to watch television, go to the movies, go shopping, read books, visit friends, go traveling, do sports.These all sound wonderful, but youd need14 some money. Relaxing and doing what you 15 is great for a holiday, but after a while the pleasure can wear off and you can feel aimless and 16.In fact, our life 17 work. What would happen if no one worked? The goods and services we need to live and enjoy in our leisure time simply couldnt 18. For example, if you needed to catch a bus: Who would design and construct the bus? Who would drive the bus? If you wanted to read a newspaper: Who would19 the articles and take the pictures for it? Who would print it?So, the next time you hear people 20 about their jobs, you can simply remind them how terrible life would be if they were unemployed.1. A. lifeB. moneyC. schoolD. fun2. A. accountB. attemptC. controlD. remark3. A. reasonsB. ideasC. methodsD. thought4. A. spendB. consideC. presentD. analyse5. A. qualifiedB. satisfyingC. obligedD. stressful6. A. arrangeB. lookC. applyD. long7. A. haveB. needC. requireD. trust8. A. curiousB. confusingC. meaningfulD. romantic9. A. improvingB. admiringC. protestingD. criticizing10. A. effortB. powerC. victoryD. absence11. A. tradeB. businessC. unemploymentD. relief12. A. weekendsB. daytimeC. work timeD. duty13. A. How aboutB. What ifC. WhyD. Where14. A. more thanB. notC. at leastD. at most15. A. hateB. hesitateC. overcomeD. enjoy16. A. boredB. optionalC. matureD. moody17. A. createsB. depends onC. contacts withD. respects18. A. existB. workC. standD. mention19. A. readB. buyC. writeD. choose20. A. caringB. talkingC. askingD. complaining. 语法填空Ive been a volunteer at Radio Lollipop since May. It is one of the best 1(experience) that Ive had in the last few years.Radio Lollipop is an international charity organization 2(found) in 1979 to provide care, comfort, games and entertainment for children in hospital. The service is provided 3(entire) by volunteers who have been specially selected and trained to make a childs stay in hospital more interesting and less 4(frighten).I help out regularly on Monday evenings after work at the Royal Hospital. My task is to deliver a smile to the children at the wards (病房) 5might be there for a few days or even a couple of months. 6is hard to find children on Monday, as the cinema at the hospital is open on that day. Most of them tend 7(be) there.I am 8(thank) for this opportunity to help children at the hospital and make their stays more pleasant. The experience also 9(help) me deal with the difficulties and challenges that Ive been faced with in my own life. I am now more positive in helping others and realize that everyone goes 10some pain and suffering from time to time. 阅读理解A【语篇解读】研究发现，人格特质是可以相互传染的，环境对塑造人的性格起着关键的作用。在工作中，人的粗俗行为最常见的原因是模仿他人。企业需要更清楚地意识到在工作场所无礼所造成的危害，因为它可以破坏办公室里的气氛。1. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据前面的让步状语从句“While genetics still forms the core of the human psyche(心灵),”以及后面举的例子可知，尽管遗传形成了人类心灵的核心，但是人格特质是可“传染”的。故选B。4. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章中“Dr Eva Torkelson, a psychologist at Lund University, said the most common cause of people acting rudely at work was imitating others.”和“Dr Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do, as it can grow and damage the atmosphere in the office.”可知，在工作中，人的粗俗行为最常见的原因是模仿他人。企业需要更清楚地意识到在工作场所无礼所造成的危害，因为它可以破坏办公室里的气氛。故选B。B【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。家长要不要奖励孩子做家务呢？不同的人对此有不同的看法。文章介绍了奖励孩子做家务的利弊。5. A 【解析】推理判断题。由文章第一段可知，作者首先陈述目前一些家长的常见做法，从而引出本文讨论的话题：家长该不该奖励孩子做家务。故A选项切题：作者是通过陈述事实来引出本文话题的。6.C 【解析】推理判断题。由第二段中的Susie Walton.believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isnt worth doing unless you get something in return. Running any kind of household is a team effort, Susie said. A home is a living space for everyone in the family. Its important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house可知，Susie Walton认为家长不应奖励孩子做家务，如果奖励孩子做家务的话，那么孩子就会认为没有回报的事不值得做。她认为孩子有义务帮助家长做家务，故C选项正确。7. A 【解析】段落大意题。由第三段的内容，尤其是第三段的第一句Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them world lessons about how we need to work to earn money可知，该段主要介绍的是奖励孩子做家务的好处。故A选项切题。8.D 【解析】观点态度题。作者在文中只是客观介绍了不同人对于家长奖励孩子做家务的看法，并没有发表个人观点，所以作者对此持中立态度，故D选项正确。. 完形填空【语篇解读】文章主要讨论了人们为什么要工作，如果不工作会对自己的生活有什么影响。5C考查形容词。句意：有些人喜欢把时间花在他们擅长的事情上，有些人觉得有必要利用他们拥有的技能。A. qualified合格的；有资格的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. obliged必须的；感激的；有责任的；D. stressful紧张的；有压力的。故选C。6D考查动词短语。此处指一个人渴望获得成就感。A. arrangefor安排；为做准备；B. look for寻找；C. apply for申请；D. long for渴望；向往。故选D。7A考查动词。have the ability to do something指“有做某事的能力”，是一个固定搭配。A. have有，拥有；B. need需要；有必要；C. require需要；要求；命令；D. trust信任。故选A。8C考查形容词。此处指做一些有意义的事情。A. curious好奇的；B. confusing令人迷惑的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. romantic浪漫的；多情的。故选C。9B考查动词。根据后面的the product后面的修饰语of his personal skill可知，那个木匠欣赏自己的产品。A. improving改善，提高；B. admiring钦佩；称赞；C. protesting抗议；断言；D. criticizing批评；评论。故选B。10D考查名词。根据后面的“Large numbers of people get headache on when they dont have work to do.”可知，人们不工作的时候（一直闲着）可能会对身体有害。A. effort努力；成就；B. power能力；功率；政权；C. victory胜利；D. absence没有；缺乏；缺席。故选D。11C考查名词。句意：人们注意到失业给人们带来了巨大的心理问题。