Title-page-and-acknowledgements.doc

浅析英汉习语翻译中的文化迁移现象摘要：语言与文化密切相关，习语是一种在语言使用过程中形成的独特的固定表达方式，是语言中的精华部分，最能体现其相关文化。英汉语言中都拥有大量的习语资源，英汉的不同文化背景导致它们习语的文化蕴涵和结构也有所不同。理解这些文化差异有利于提高语言学习者的跨文化交际意识，掌握和正确应用这些习语，克服学习英语或汉语的障碍。所以，在翻译习语时不能简单地就词论词，应从文化翻译的角度去向读者传输其文化内涵；注意文化差异，采取恰当的翻译方法，使译文能引起读者的共鸣。随着时代的发展，语言学习者应不断扩充自身的文化知识，发展翻译理论，实践翻译理论。In fact, it is impossible to achieve word-for-word translation in most cases, since theorganization of words in Chinese is quite different from that in English. Literaltranslation will not distort the true characteristics of the original work, while theword-for-word translation often lacks the original spirit.2 Liberal translation Liberal translation is an alternative approach which is used mainly to convey themeaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence patterns orfigures of speech. This method is most frequently adopted when it is really impossiblefor a translator to do literal translation. Liberal translation will remain the content of theoriginal idioms without the form of the original. In many conditions the source languageand target language express the same meaning in different expressions, thus it isdifficult to translate it into the target language with the same effect in the originallanguage. The method is usually used when there are cultural differences between thesource and target languages; furthermore, the cultural connotation cannot be exactlyexpressed. In this case, vocabulary having weak cultural meanings can be employed totranslate the message of the source language. For instance, the idiom a land flowingwith milk and honey originated from the Bible. Milk and honey are two foods withwhich the foreigners are familiar. This idiom refers to a place with rich natural resources.But it does not equal“鱼米之乡”exactly if we put it into Chinese. We may just renderit as“物产富饶之地”by liberal translation. More examples: 1) by hook or by crook不择手段地 to carry fire in one hand and water in the other施展两面手法 to come to the wrong shop(指求助、询问等)找错对象 to have a bee in ones bonnet胡思乱想;被某种念头所困扰 to have other fish to勿另有他图 to hit the nail on the head一针见血;击中要害 to quit scores with对进行报复 to rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨一28一关键词：文化迁移；翻译技巧；英汉习语Cultural Transfer in the Translation of English and