高二牛津高中英语第五模块第一单元

Unit1 Getting along with others目标导航 重点单词betray vt.出卖，背叛 primary adj.初步的，初级的；主要的academic adj.学习良好的；学术的 stupid adj. 笨的，愚蠢的overlook vt. 忽略，忽视；俯瞰 cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的admit vt& vi. 承认 deliberately adv故意地swear vt. 发誓 forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕 brilliant adj. 优秀的，杰出的；灿烂的； focus vi& vt.聚焦 n. 焦点，关注点 afterwards adv然后，后来 mean adj. 刻薄的，卑鄙的，吝啬的guilty 内疚的，有罪的 cruel 刻毒的，伤人的；残酷的，残忍的stand vt.容忍，忍让，经受，遭受 awkward adj. 别扭的,不自然的；笨拙的outgoing adj. 开朗的；友好的 apologize vi. 道歉bitter adj. 怀恨的；苦的；痛苦的 unlikely adj. 不太可能的blame vt. 责备，谴责 doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑 vt& vi. 怀疑，疑问behaviour n. 行为，举止 gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才的embarrass vt. 使尴尬，使困窘 unfair adj. 不公平的 disagreement n分歧，意见不同；不调和 ruin vt. 破坏，使毁灭delay vi, vt& n. 耽搁，拖延，椎迟 amusement n. 娱乐，消遣discourage vt. 阻止，劝阻； absurd adj. 荒唐的，荒诞的，怪诞的 essay n. 短文，论文；散文 punishment n.惩罚 anxious 焦急的，焦虑的；渴望的 suffer vi. 忍受痛片；受损害，受损失practical adj. 实用的，实际的 free adj. 免费的 puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑不解 absorb vt.吸收，吸引 attitude n. 态度，看法 hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑不决respond vi. 做出反应，回应，回答 regardless adv.不管，不顾 重点短语1.觉得被出卖 feel betrayed by 2. 对感到很羞愧 be ashamed of 3. 对感到嫉妒 be jealous of 4. 得最低分 get the lowest mark/ score the lowest mark5. 意识到出了差错 sense sth wrong6. 一定故意告诉过某人有关的情况 must have deliberately told someone 7. 承认做过某事 admit doing / admit having done8. 下定决心要振作起来 be determined to be cheerful9. 径直走向某人 go straight to sb10. 信守诺言 keep ones word11. 处于进退两难的境地 be in a dilemma of 12. 朝某人大喊大叫 shout at sb / yell at sb13. 有良好的表现 have a great performance 14. 变成一场可怕的争论 become an awful / a terrible argument 15.不能忍受 cant bear / stand16. 避免做某事 avoid doing 17. 因为某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth18. 当众使某人难堪 make sb embarrassed/ embarrass sb in public19.不要让小小的争论毁了你们的友谊 dont let the disagreement ruin your friendship 20. 问题在你身上, 而不是她 the problem lies with you instead of her21. 尽力做某事 play to ones strengths 22. 打消某人做某事的念头 discourage sb from doing sth23. 对于友谊有不同的观点 have different attitudes towards friendship25. 进行一项调查 carry out / conduct a survey26. 专注于谈话中 be absorbed in conversation 27.以为基础 be based on 28. 与相符合相一致 be consistent with重点句型1I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, 2. I dont feel like I was over looking my studies.3. For example, sometimes when he leaves the apartment to play football, Amanda and her friend, Sharon, will be sitting on the sofa, talking (talk).4. When he comes back three and a half hours later, theyre still sitting on the sofa, absorbed (absorb) in conversation. 5. It has also been shown that many adolescent boys cannot name a single best friend.6. On the other hand, a girls closet friend might be the first to tell (tell) her about something good or bad that has happened in her life. 7. We do a lot of things together such as talking and shopping (talk and shop).8. Regardless of what the friendships are based on / upon, shared feelings or activities, the important thing to remember is that both of them are friendship.语法1. 动词不定式的用法 动名词的用法 任务情感及文化意识目标1.牵手课堂Celebrate Friendship Day 2009 on August 2, Sunday.Human being are social creatures and have always valued the importance of friends in their lives. To celebrate this noble feeling it was deemed fit to have a day dedicated to friends and friendship. Accordingly, first Sunday of August was declared as a holiday in the US in honor of friends by a Proclamation made by the US Congress in 1935. Since then, World Friendship Day has been celebrated every year on the first Sunday in the month of August.This beautiful idea of celebrating Friendship Day was joyfully accepted by several other countries across the world. And today, many countries including India, celebrate the first Sunday of August as Friendship Day every year. Celebrating Friendship Day in a traditional manner, people meet their friends and exchange cards and flowers to honor their friends. It may be noted that some associations celebrate Friendship Day in an entirely different time of the year and with different customs. For instance.National Friendship Day is on the first Sunday in August.Womens Friendship Day is on the third Sunday in August.International Friendship Month is February.Old Friends, New Friends Week is the third week of May.However, what is the remarkably same is the idea behind the celebration of the day. Everywhere, people express love for their friends and cherish their presence in life.Friendship Day ActivitiesGiven here are some Friendship Day celebration ideas to help you make the occasion a memorable one. The idea behind the Friendship Day activities listed here is to have fun on the occasion and to make your friends feel how special they are in your life!A simple idea would be to write a nice card for your friends telling them how much you appreciate their friendship. Please be open in your expression and spill out your heart to them!To touch your friends heart, buy or make them a small present such as flowers, chocolates, friendship bands, a cake, or anything that your friends will appreciate! And how about leaving the gift anonymously for added intrigue!Give a warm hug to your friends and let them have a special place in your heart!Make it a point to call every one of you friends, old and new, on Friendship Day to let them know you care.1. When was the first Friendship Day celebrated? . In 1935 2. Why was Friendship Day is celebrated?. To show our love to our friends 3. Whats the most popular way of celebrating the Friendship Day?People meet their friends and exchange cards and flowers to honor their friends.4. What is the main idea of the passage? Its mainly about how the friendship day came into being and the way to celebrate it. 阅读导学 课文内容填空，设8个空，每空填一词 The 17-year-old boy Andrew and his best friend Matthew play together in the school football team. But now Andrew has a (13)_ . Recently they have stopped talking to each other. Last week they had an important match (14)_another school. The other team was (15)_ and the result was that they (16)_ the match. Andrew told Matthew that he was not trying hard enough and always seemed to be (17)_. Matthew got really angry with him. He insisted that it was not his (18)_. Then they started shouting and they even said some really (19) _ things. Since then Matthew hasnt spoken to Andrew even though they sit next to each other in class. Andrew thinks that it is really an (20) _ situation, so he decides to write a letter to Annie to get help.13. dilemma 14. against 15. brilliant16. lost 17. absent-minded 18. fault 19. cruel 20. awkward 【考点讲练】Parts1-2 Welcome to the unit Reading 语句研习 Step 3 Language points1. Almost everyone wants to make friends and develop friendships with others.Tell the different meanings of the word develop in the following sentences. （1）The huge city has developed from a small village. (2) The child is developing well. (3) The machine develops the fault again. (4) The site is to be developed by a large property company. (5) This type of film develops in twenty minutes.Translate the following into English(1)发达国家_ (2)发展中的城市_ (3)随着经济的发展_ 【经典回放】1)One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to_ healthy eating habits. (06湖北) A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise2)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but how we _ fine. (2008年四川)A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get alongAnswers:1. (1)发展；变得发达 (2) 发育；成长 (3)出现；显露 (4)开发 (5)显出影像developed countries; developing cities; with the development of economy经典回放 答案：1-2 B D 2. What do you think the proverbs tell us about friendship and getting along with others?你认为这些格言在关于友谊和与别人相处方面告诉了我们什么？(1) 这是一个带有插入语do you think 的双重疑问句。英语中常把 do you think/ believe/ expect/ imagine / know /suppose/ guess/say, 等一般疑问句形式插入一个特殊疑问句中形成双重疑问句，该句式有以下特点：插入语为一般疑问句形式 插入语后用陈述语序 插入语后不再接引导词。 Translate the following sentences你认为我应该先和谁谈？ _你认为他会让谁写那个报告？_Tick the right sentences.( ) Who do you think will the manager have go there with him?( ) Who do you think that the manage will have go there with him?( ) Who do you think the manager will have go there with him?【经典回放】Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday? (05 福建 ) A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got Answers:(1)Who do you think I should talk to first?Who do you think he will have write the report?() 经典回放 答案：C(2) get along/on(with) 与相处; 进展，进行1)How is your son getting along in school? 你的儿子在学校表现怎么样？2)The business is getting along very well. 生意经营得很不错。3)They said they could get along without our help.他们说没有我们的帮助他们也能进行下去。【短语链接】get about/around到处走动；（消息等）传播 get sth. across to sb. 将（想法、信息等）传达给某人get away (from ) sth.离开；摆脱 get away with 侥幸做成，侥幸取走get back返回；重新得到 get down to (doing ) sth.开始（做）某事get in 到达，考取，收获 get out泄露；出去；逃避 get through用完；完成；接通电话 get in touch with 与取得联系get sb. into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困难 get into trouble 招致不幸1)She works hard and is easy _ _ _ _. 她工作努力而且容易相处。2)They should get along well together because they have much_ _.他们在一起应该处得不错，因为他们有许多共同点。3)How are you_ _ _ your English? 你的英语学得怎么样？【经典回放】I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we _ fine. (08四川)A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along -How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?-Well, I _ somehow. ( 06 重庆 )A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off -The boss said we had only three days to finish the work-Dont worry. We have already_ two thirds of it. (06四川) A .got down B .got through C .given in D .given awayReaders can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get throughAnswers:(2)1) to get along with; 2)in common; 3)getting along with经典回放 答案：D A B C典题印证I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but how we _ fine. (2008年四川)A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along答案： D 句意：我以前同父母经常吵架，但现在相处很好。Look out ( for ) “留神，小心（）”; stay up “熬夜，挺住”；carry on “继续，进行”；get along well / fine / badly ( with) “跟（）相处得好/ 不好”。3. If you can buy a persons friendship, its not worth having. worth作形容词使用时，通常作表语，后接名词或动名词，解释为“价值”“值的分量”。如：精讲：be well worth +n/doing 值得，值得做1) The food is not worth eating. 饭菜不值一吃。2)Our house is worth about $60,000. 我们的房子值60,000 美元。精练：1) His suggestion is _nothing. 他的建议没有任何价值。 2) Its not as good as his last book but its definitely_ _.这本书虽没有他最后一本书好，但肯定是值得一读的。3) The film is _ _seeing twice. 这部电影非常值得再看一遍。worthy/ worthwhile 4) Without facts, we cannot form a _opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _which to base our thinking. 5) Its _ visiting/to visit the museum.6) The song is worthy_ _ _ _. 这首歌曲值得一听。Answers: 3. 1)worth; 2)worth reading; 3)well worth; 4)worthwhile; upon; 5)worthwhile6) of being listened to /to be listened to4. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good mark.（P2,line8） 考点 must + have done( p.p) 意思是：一定已经做了某事，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测。must have done 表示对已经发生的事的肯定推测，意为“一定已经”。Your uncle must have slept, for his room was dark.你以那么快的车速驾驶，准是疯了！贴心提示must have done 结构的反意疑问句应视句子所表达的时间概念来确定。如果句中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，应用“didnt + 主语”结构；否则应用“havent / hasnt + 主语”。He must have left, hasnt he?他准备已经离开了，是吗？They must have returned last week, didnt they?他们准是上周已回来了，是吗？归纳拓展cant / couldnt have done 不可能已经做过（表推测） (1) 可能已经做过（表推测）could have done (2)本来有可能做过（表虚拟）Should have done 本来应该做（表虚拟）Would have done 本来想做（表虚拟）Might have done 本来有可能做（表虚拟）Neednt have done 本来不必做（表虚拟）典题印证1. -The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. （NMET 05， 江苏）-oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. may go through B. might go through C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through点拨 根据题干中“studying wild animals for 13 years”可判断出一定遇到了许多困难。故选D。I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, 考试之后，我的口气听上去想必很是得意2.The teacher _ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. ( 2007年安徽)A. should B. can C. would D. must 答案：D must have done sth. “准是已经做了某事”；should have done sth. “本来应该做某事（但没做）”；would have done sth. “本来想做某事（但没做）”。由句意知此处应用must have done 结构表示对过去所做的事情的肯定判断。be proud of 对感到自豪( = take pride in ) We are proud of our success. = We take pride in our success.我们为自己的成功感到自豪。Im proud to be a League member. 我以成为一名团员而自豪。归纳拓展be proud to do sth. 对做某事感到自豪对感到自豪be proud + that 从句take ( a ) pride in 典题印证After hearing the news, all of us were proud _ the medical researches had done in the field.A. what B. that C. of what D. of that 答案：C be proud of 意为“对.感到自豪”。What 引导了of 的宾语从句，并同时在从句中作do的宾语；that 引导名词性从句时无此功能。5. We went to wash our hands in the girls toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done(午饭前我们去女洗手间洗手时，我承认了我这次考得很差。（P2, line 16) 考点 admit 表示承认,接纳。常用以下搭配：admit sb. into/ to sth. /admit doing sth./. that- clause admit vt. & vi. 承认，招认；准许进入，接收The little boy admitted his mistake.那个小男孩承认了自己的错误。He admitted that he was wrong.他承认自己错了。She admits ( to ) being very strict with her children.她承认对自己的孩子很严厉。Women were only admitted to / into the club last year.这有俱乐部去年才接纳女会员。归纳拓展admit后面可接名词、代词、动名词、复合结构和从句作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。接名词或动名词时，有时可加介词to，意义不变。此外，在拼写方面，admitted 和admitting 都要双写t。admit ( to ) doing sth. 承认/招供做了某事admit to sb. + that 从句 向某人承认admit sb. / sth. to / into准许某人/某物进入典题印证They are pleased that their only daughter _ Qinghua Universtiy. Which of the following is wrong? A. has been admitted to B. has been admitted intoC. has been accepted by D. has been recorded by 答案：D be admitted to / into 意为“被允许进入，获得进入的资格”；be accepted by意为“被所接受”；be recorded by意为“被记录下来”。由句意可知D项在此意义不当。6. He seemed absent-minded and as a result of his careless playing, we lost the game.( P3 ,line38) 他看起来有点心不在焉，结果由于他踢球时的疏忽，我们输掉了比赛。考点 as a result of 表示由于,后常接名词代词，或动名词及其名词从句，而as a result 表示结果，后常接表示结果的句子。as a result of 由于，因为He has lost weight as a result of running every day.他因每天跑步而减肥了。贴心提示当用of短语限定时，也可以用as the result of ，意为“作为的结果”。归纳拓展as a result 结果，因此(其后是结果，用逗号与句子分开)as a result of 多亏，因为，由于（其后是原因）because of thanks to owing to due to result in / lead to 导致，造成result from / lie in 起因于，由引起He worked very hard. As a result, he got a great success.他工作非常努力。因此，他取得了很大的成功。The terrible accident resulted from his smoking at work.那次可怕的事故是由他上班抽烟引起的。Drinking too much can result in stomach cancer.过度饮酒会导致胃癌。典题印证1）My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _ , he could neither eat nor sleep.A. as a result B. after all C. anyway D. otherwise答案：A as a result “结果，因此”；after all “毕竟，终究”；anyway “反正，无论如何”；otherwise “否则，要不然”。由句意可知A项正确。2） My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _, he could neither eat nor sleep.(NMET 05, 江西) A. as a result B. after all C. any way D. otherwise点拨After all 毕竟， any way 无论如何， otherwise否则。上句说“马丁患了奇怪的发烧，病得很厉害。”下句说“他不能吃也不能睡。”一词连接词应意为“结果”。故选A。7. I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too, but I cant stand seeing our team lose.( P3, line 46) 我的确感到内疚，因为我也说了一些很冷酷的话，但我无法忍心看到我们球队输球。guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的I feel guilty about not visiting my parents more often.我因没常去看望父母而感到内疚。He felt guilty that he couldnt afford to send his son abroad for further study.他因负担不起送儿子出国深造的费用而感到内疚。The jury found the defendant not guilty of the murder.陪审团裁决被告谋杀罪名不成立。归纳拓展feel guilty that 对觉得内疚feel guilty about sth. 为某事感到内疚be guilty of sth. 犯了罪，有过失guiltily adv. 内疚地，guilt n. 内疚stand vt.容忍，忍受；经受，遭受I cant stand his brother. 他弟弟让我受不了。She cant stand it when others do better than her. 她受不了别人做得比她好。How can you stand being spoken to like that? 你怎么能忍受别人那样和你说话？贴心提示stand vt. “容忍，忍受”，多用于否定句和疑问句中，与can/could连用，无进行时和被动语态形式，常构成以下搭配形式：stand + 名词/代词 stand + it + when 从句stand + 动名词归纳拓展put up with 忍受bear v. 忍受；承载（负担等）tolerate v. 忍受，容忍典题印证1）Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures.A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support答案：A 句意：新型塑料能承受很高和很低的温度。Stand此处意为“承受，经得起”；hold “支撑，掌握”；carry “运载，搬运”；support “支持，养活”。 2）Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures. ( NMET 05, 山东) A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support 点拨 hold 持有，拥有，carry携带，传送，support 支撑，支援，而