vc++实验.docx

实验1.1 实验一 vs2005编程环境基础知识实验实验目的：熟悉vs2005编程环境，认识和使用主要的功能面板，掌握在vs2005中创建项目，编写、运行C语言程序。实验内容： 1、编写一个程序，能够从键盘上接收2个数字，计算这2个数字的积并输出。 2、计算S=1+(1+2)+(1+2+3)+(1+2+n)，n由键盘输入。 3、利用结构变量存储5位学生的姓名和语文、英文成绩，然后分别计算这5位学生的平均成绩，按平均成绩排序输出。 4、在进行上述程序过程中，观察各个项目文件，观察vs2005界面组成。/ 1.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#usingusing namespace System;int main(array args)Stringx;int a,b,c;Console:WriteLine(输入第一个数);x=Console:ReadLine();a=Int32:Parse(x);Console:WriteLine(输入第二个数);x=Console:ReadLine();b=Int32:Parse(x);c=a*b;Console:WriteLine(c.ToString();while(1);实验1.2/ 2.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#usingusing namespace System;int main(array args) Stringx; int n,i,j,num=0,sum=0; Console:WriteLine(请输入数 n); x=Console:ReadLine(); n=Int32:Parse(x); for(i=1;i=n;i+) for(j=1;j=i;j+) num=num+j; sum=sum+num; Console:WriteLine(sum.ToString(); while(1);实验1.3/ 3.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#usingusing namespace System;ref struct personStringname;double Chinese;double English;double average;int main(array args)personstudent1;personstudent2;personstudent3;personstudent4;personstudent5;student1=gcnew person;student2=gcnew person;student3=gcnew person;student4=gcnew person;student5=gcnew person;Stringeng;Stringch;/Srtinghuanhang=/n;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);student1-name=Console:ReadLine();Console:WriteLine(输入语文成绩); ch=Console:ReadLine();student1-Chinese=double:Parse(ch);Console:WriteLine(输入英语成绩); eng=Console:ReadLine();student1-English=double:Parse(eng);student1-average=(student1-Chinese)+(student1-English)/2;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);student2-name=Console:ReadLine();Console:WriteLine(输入语文成绩); ch=Console:ReadLine();student2-Chinese=double:Parse(ch);Console:WriteLine(输入英语成绩); eng=Console:ReadLine();student2-English=double:Parse(eng);student2-average=(student2-Chinese)+(student2-English)/2;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);student3-name=Console:ReadLine();Console:WriteLine(输入语文成绩); ch=Console:ReadLine();student3-Chinese=double:Parse(ch);Console:WriteLine(输入英语成绩); eng=Console:ReadLine();student3-English=double:Parse(eng);student3-average=(student3-Chinese)+(student3-English)/2;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);student4-name=Console:ReadLine();Console:WriteLine(输入语文成绩); ch=Console:ReadLine();student4-Chinese=double:Parse(ch);Console:WriteLine(输入英语成绩); eng=Console:ReadLine();student4-English=double:Parse(eng);student4-average=(student4-Chinese)+(student4-English)/2;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);student5-name=Console:ReadLine();Console:WriteLine(输入语文成绩); ch=Console:ReadLine();student5-Chinese=double:Parse(ch);Console:WriteLine(输入英语成绩); eng=Console:ReadLine();student5-English=double:Parse(eng);student5-average=(student5-Chinese)+(student5-English)/2;double arry =student1-average,student2-average,student3-average,student4-average,student5-average;int i,j;int k;double x;for(i=0;i4;i+)k=i;for(j=i+1;j5;j+)if(arrykarryj)k=j;if(k!=i)x=arryk;arryk=arryi;arryi=x;int a;for(a=0;aaverage)Console:WriteLine(student1-name);Console:WriteLine(student1-average).ToString();else if(arrya=student2-average)Console:WriteLine(student2-name);Console:WriteLine(student2-average).ToString(); else if(arrya=student3-average)Console:WriteLine(student3-name);Console:WriteLine(student3-average).ToString();else if(arrya=student4-average)Console:WriteLine(student4-name);Console:WriteLine(student4-average).ToString();else if(arrya=student5-average)Console:WriteLine(student5-name);Console:WriteLine(student5-average).ToString();while(1);实验二 类的定义及使用实验目的：掌握类及对象的语法规则，练习类成员变量、成员函数、构造函数的使用方法。实验内容： 1、设计名为CEllipse的椭圆类。其属性为外接矩形的左上角与右下角两个点的坐标，并能计算出椭圆的面积，并测试该类。 2、设计一个日期类，包含year、month、day数据成员。包含2个构造函数，一是能够传3个整数给3个数据成员；二是传一个日期格式的字符串(xxxx-xx-xx)，函数分解字符串赋值给数据成员。包含2个获取日期的重载函数GetDate()，一是返回3个整数，二是返回一个日期格式的字符串。 提示：本题中会用到字符串运算，有关的内容如下： （1）系统字符串类为String （2）定义字符串对象String s; （3）在字符串对象中查找的函数IndexOf(查找的字符，查找开始位置)，例 s-IndexOf(-，4);表示在s中查找字符-，从s中第4个字符开始查找。 （4）从字符串中截取一部分子串的函数s-Substring(开始位置,子串长度)，例如从s中的第6个字符开始，取出2个字符： s-Substring(5,2); （5）String和int类型的转换方法Convert:ToInt32(String变量);int变量.ToString(); 3、找出下面程序的错误#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Sampleprivate:int m_nX;public:Sample( int a = 0 ) m_nX= a;void fun( const Sample &p )Console:WriteLine(p.m_nX.ToString();int _tmain()Sample s( 10 );fun( s );return 0;实验2.1/ 9.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#using#include using namespace System;class CEllipsepublic:double fun1(double a,double b);double fun2(double c,double d);double area(double r1,double r2);double CEllipse:fun1(double a,double b)return (b-a)/2);double CEllipse:fun2(double c,double d)return (d-c)/2);double CEllipse:area(double r1,double r2)return (3.14159*r1*r2);int main(array args)CEllipse A;Stringx;Stringy;double x11,y11;double x22,y22;double r11,r22;double s; Console:WriteLine(L请输入左上角坐标);x=Console:ReadLine();x11=Double:Parse(x);y=Console:ReadLine();y11=Double:Parse(y);Console:WriteLine(您输入的坐标是：x=0 y=1,x11.ToString(),y11.ToString();Console:WriteLine(L请输入右下角坐标);x=Console:ReadLine();x22=Double:Parse(x);y=Console:ReadLine();y22=Double:Parse(y);Console:WriteLine(您输入的坐标是：x=0 y=1,x22.ToString(),y22.ToString(); r11=A.fun1(x11,x22);r22=A.fun2(y22,y11);s=A.area(r11,r22);Console:WriteLine(s.ToString();while(1);实验2.2/ shiyan2.2.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#using using namespace System;ref struct Dateint d;int e;int f;class datepublic:int year;int month;int day;date(int a,int b,int c)year=a;month=b;day=c;date(Strings)Stringdate1;date1=s;Stringyear1;Stringmonth1;Stringday1;int i,j;i=date1-IndexOf(-,1);j=date1-IndexOf(-,i+1);year1=date1-Substring(0,4);month1=date1-Substring(i+1,2);day1=date1-Substring(j+1,2);year=Int32:Parse(year1);month=Int32:Parse(month1);day=Int32:Parse(day1);DateGetDate(Strings);StringGetDate(int h,int k,int l);Date date:GetDate(Strings)Dateshuju;shuju=gcnew Date; Stringdate1;date1=s;Stringyear1;Stringmonth1;Stringday1;int i,j;i=date1-IndexOf(-,1);j=date1-IndexOf(-,i+1);year1=date1-Substring(0,4);month1=date1-Substring(i+1,2);day1=date1-Substring(j+1,2);shuju-d=Int32:Parse(year1);shuju-e=Int32:Parse(month1);shuju-f=Int32:Parse(day1);return shuju;String date:GetDate(int h,int k,int l)Stringhe;Stringha;Stringhei;he=h.ToString();ha=k.ToString();hei=l.ToString();Stringdate11;date11=he+-+ha+-+hei;return date11;int main(array args)Dateriqi;riqi=gcnew Date; Console:WriteLine(L输入日期，格式：xxxx-xx-xx);Strings;s=Console:ReadLine();Stringdate1;date1=s;Stringyear1;Stringmonth1;Stringday1;int i,j;i=date1-IndexOf(-,1);j=date1-IndexOf(-,i+1);year1=date1-Substring(0,4);month1=date1-Substring(i+1,2);day1=date1-Substring(j+1,2);int year2,month2,day2;year2=Int32:Parse(year1);month2=Int32:Parse(month1);day2=Int32:Parse(day1);date A(year2,month2,day2);/A.date(year2,month2,day2);/A.date(s);riqi=A.GetDate(s);Console:WriteLine(你输入的日期为：0-1-2,riqi-d.ToString(),riqi-e.ToString(),riqi-f.ToString();Stringhahaha;hahaha=A.GetDate(year2,month2,day2);Console:WriteLine(日期为:0,hahaha);while(1);实验2.3/ shiyan6.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Sample/private:/int m_nX;public:int m_nX;Sample(int a)m_nX=a;void fun(const Sample &p)Console:WriteLine(p.m_nX.ToString();while(1);int main() Sample s(10); fun(s); return 0;实验3.1实验三 类的继承实验实验目的：掌握继承的概念，理解派生类与基类的关系实验内容： 1、分析以下程序，理解继承过程中构造函数的执行次序 2、定义一个大学生类CStudent，私有数据成员包括“姓名”、“学号”与“校名”，并为它定义带参数的构造函数，以及名为ToString()的成员函数，功能是将全部信息组合为一个字符串。令定义一个研究生类，增加私有数据成员“研究方向”、“导师”，同样定义名为ToString()的成员函数。在主函数中定义派生类对象进行测试。 3、声明一个Shape（形状）基类，它有两个派生类：Circle（圆）和Square（正方形）。Shape类的数据成员包括图形基准点的坐标（对圆就是圆心，对正方形就是一个顶点），以及尺寸。派生类实现周长和面积的计算。进行测试输出。/ shiyansan1.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Apublic:A()Console:WriteLine(Constructor 1_A);A(int m):x(m)Console:Write(Constructor 2_A);Console:WriteLine(x.ToString();A()Console:Write(Destructor_A);Console:WriteLine(x.ToString();private:int x;class B:public Apublic:B()Console:Write(Constructor1_B);Console:WriteLine(y.ToString();B(int m, int n, int l):A(m),a(n),y(l)Console:Write(Constructor2_B);Console:WriteLine(y.ToString();B()Console:Write(Destructor_B);Console:WriteLine(y.ToString();private:A a;int y;int main(array args)B b1,b2(5,6,7);/B b1,b2; Console:ReadLine(); return 0;实验3.2/ ff.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.husing namespace System;#using ref class cstudentprivate:Stringname;Stringnumber;Stringschoolname;public:StringToString(Stringname1,Stringnumber1,Stringschoolname1)/StringToString()Stringnews;name=name1;number=number1;schoolname=schoolname1;news=name+number+schoolname;return news;ref class Postgraduate:public cstudentStringdirection;Stringtutor;StringToString(Stringnews1,Stringdirection1,Stringtutor1)direction=direction1;tutor=tutor1;Stringnews;news=news1+direction+tutor;return news;int main(array args)cstudent b;Stringname1;Console:WriteLine(输入姓名);name1=Console:ReadLine();Stringnumber1;Console:WriteLine(输入学号);number1=Console:ReadLine();Stringschoolname1;Console:WriteLine(输入校名);schoolname1=Console:ReadLine();Stringnews1;news1=b.ToString(name1,number1,schoolname1);/news1=b.ToString();Console:WriteLine(news1);Stringdirection1;Console:WriteLine(研究方向);direction1=Console:ReadLine();Stringtutor1;Console:WriteLine(导师);tutor1=Console:ReadLine(); Postgraduate C;Stringnews2;news2=C.ToString(news1,direction1,tutor1);/news2=b.ToString();Console:WriteLine(news2); Console:ReadLine(); return 0;实验3.3/ 34.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.h#using using namespace System;class shapepublic:/int x,y;double r;class Circle:public shapepublic:double area(double r)double he;he=3.141592657*r*r;return he;double girth(double r)double ha;ha=2*3.141592657*r;return ha;class Square:public shapepublic:double area(double r)double he;he=r*r;return he;double girth(double r)double ha;ha=4*r;return ha;int main(array args) Console:WriteLine(L请输入圆的半径);Stringa;a=Console:ReadLine();double b;b=Double:Parse(a);Circle cc;double dd;dd=cc.area(b);Console:WriteLine(圆的面积是：0,dd.ToString();double dd1;dd1=cc.girth(b);Console:WriteLine(圆的周长：0,dd1.ToString();Console:WriteLine(L请输入正方形的边长);Stringa2;a2=Console:ReadLine();double b2;b2=Double:Parse(a2);Square cc2;double dd2;dd2=cc2.area(b2);Console:WriteLine(正方形的面积是：0,dd2.ToString();double dd21;dd21=cc2.girth(b2);Console:WriteLine(正方形的周长：0,dd21.ToString();while(1); return 0;实验4.1实验四 类的多态性编程实验实验目的：理解多态的概念，掌握虚函数使用方法。实验内容：1 分析下面程序，掌握抽象类、纯虚函数以及动态绑定。2、练习动态绑定。定义一个类Base，该类含有虚函数display，然后定义它的两个派生类FirstB和SceondB，这两个派生类均含有公有成员函数display，再主程序中定义指向基类Base的指针变量ptr，并分别定义Base、FirstB和SceondB的对象，让ptr分别指向这三个对象的地址，然后执行这些对象的display函数，观察结果。3、上机完成下面实验。声明一个Shape（形状）基类，它有两个派生类：Circle（圆）和Square（正方形），要求利用多态性的概念，分别以虚函数的形式完成对圆和正方形的周长及面积的计算。要求：Shape类的数据成员包括中心点的坐标，Circle类和Square类初始值分别给出：圆的圆心和半径；正方形的中心和一个顶点。/ 4.1.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Shape public:virtual double Area() return 0.0; / 纯虚函数，在派生类中重载virtual void Print()= 0;class Point : public Shape/int x, y; /点的x和y坐标public:int x, y;Point( int = 0, int = 0 ); / 构造函数void SetPoint( int a, int b ); / 设置坐标int GetX()/ 取x坐标 return x; int GetY()/ 取y坐标 return y;virtual void Print();/输出点的坐标;Point:Point( int a, int b ) : x( a ), y( b )void Point:SetPoint( int a, int b )x = a;y = b;void Point:Print()Console:WriteLine(x=+x.ToString()+ y=+y.ToString();class Circle : public Pointdouble radius;public:Circle(int x = 0, int y = 0, double r = 0.0);void SetRadius( double r ); /设置半径double GetRadius(); /取半径virtual double Area(); /计算面积avirtual void Print(); /输出圆心坐标和半径;Circle:Circle(int a,int b,double r): Point(a,b), radius( r )void Circle:SetRadius( double r )radius = ( r = 0 ? r : 0 ); double Circle:GetRadius() return radius; double Circle:Area() return 3.14159 * radius * radius;void Circle:Print()Console:WriteLine(x=+x.ToString()+ y=+y.ToString()+ r=+radius.ToString();int main()Point point(30,50);Circle circle(120,80,10.0);point.Print();circle.Print();Shape * arrayOfShapes2;/Shape *arrayOfShapes = new point();/Shape *arrayOfShapes1= new circle();/arrayOfShapes.Print();/arrayOfShapes1.Print();/arrayOfShapes1 = new circle();for ( int i = 0; i 2; i+ ) /arrayOfShapesi.Print();Console:ReadLine(); return 0;实验4.2/ shiyan4.2.cpp: 主项目文件。#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Basepublic:virtual void display()Console:WriteLine(Base里的小猪);class FirstB:public Basepublic:void display()Console:WriteLine(FiratB里的小猪);class SecondB:public Basepublic:void display()Console:WriteLine(SecondB里的小猪);int main(array args)Base * aBase = new Base();FirstB * aFirstB = new FirstB();SecondB * aSecondB = new SecondB();Base * ptr;ptr=aBase;ptr-display();ptr=aFirstB;ptr-display();ptr=aSecondB;ptr-display();while(1); return 0;实验4.3/ 1.cpp : main project file.#include stdafx.husing namespace System;class Shape public:virtual double Area() return 0.0; virtual double Perimeter() return 0.0; ;class Circle : public Shapeint x,y;double radius;public:Circle()x=0;y=0;radius=0;void Setxy( int a,int b ) /设置圆心x=a;y=b;void SetRadius( double r ) /设置半径radius = ( r = 0 ? r : 0 );virtual double Area() /计算面积a return 3.14159 * radius * radius;virtual double Perimeter() return 2*3.14159*radius; ;class Square : public Shapeint x1,y1,x2,y2;public:Square()x1=0;y1=0;x2=0;y2=0;void Setx1y1( int a,int b ) /设置正方形中心x1=a;y1=b;void Setx2y2( int a,int b ) /设置顶点x2=a;y2=b;virtual double Area() /计算面积a return Math:Abs(4*(x2-x1)*(y2-y1);virtual double Perimeter() return 4*(Math:Abs(x2-x1)+Math:Abs(y2-y1); ;int main(array args)Shape * ptr =new Shape();Circle * ac = new Circle();Square * as =new Square();String str;int a,b;double c;Console:WriteLine(请输入圆心x);str=Console:ReadLine();a=Convert:ToInt32(str);Console:WriteLine(请输入圆心y);str=Console:ReadLine();b=Convert:ToInt32(str);ac-Setxy(a,b);Console:WriteLine(请输入半径);str=Console:ReadLine();c=Convert:ToDouble(str);ac-SetRadius(c);Console:WriteLine(请输入正方形中心x);str=Console:ReadLine();a=Convert:ToInt32(str);Console:WriteLine(请输入正方形中心y);str=Console:ReadLine();b=Convert:ToInt32(str);as-Setx1y1(a,b);Console:WriteLine(请输入正方形顶点x);str=Console:ReadLine();a=Convert:ToInt3