高中英语Unit3Tomorrow’sWorldGrammarandusage课件牛津译林版.ppt

Unit3,Unit3Tomorrowsworld,Thepassivevoice&Modalverbsandthepassivevoice&Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice,Grammarandusage,句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小。在主动语态中，句子的主语是动作发出者；在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。,Thepassivevoice,Thelovelyrobotsattractsthevisitors.,Thevisitorsareattractedbythelovelyrobots.,S.,V.,O.,O.,V.,S.,TheGreatWallwasvisitedbymanypeoplelastyear.,S.,V.,O.,O.,V.,S.,ManypeoplevisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.,被动语态的基本形式是be+过去分词。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。e.g.Foodiskeptinthefridge.Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.,Thepassivevoiceindifferenttenses:,do/does,are/isdone,am/is/aredoing,has/havedone,am/is/arebeingdone,have/hasbeendone,begoingto/willdo,did,was/weredoing,haddone,begoingto/willbedone,was/weredone,was/werebeingdone,hadbeendone,在用被动语态时还要注意以下几点：在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于by之后，但在不必指出动作发出者是谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作发出者。e.g.Boththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtoacomputernetwork.,在give，lend，offer，send，tell和show等动词后，可带有两个宾语，分别指人和指事物。当带有这些动词作谓语的句子变为被动语态时，通常用指人的宾语作句子的主语。有时也可用指事物的宾语作句子的主语。,e.g.OurteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.WeareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.SomeinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinEnglish.,在主动语态中，有些动词后常接宾语和不带to的动词不定式。在被动语态中，则使用带to的动词不定式。e.g.Ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon.Thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon.,在被动语态中，有时get可用来代替be，如getchanged，getdressed和gethurt等。e.g.Mybikegotstolenlastnight.Youdbettergetchangedquickly,asthepartywillbeginsoon.Theeggsseemtohavegotbroken.,有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被动意义。e.g.Thissweaterwasheswell.Thepenwritessmoothly.ThekindofcomputersellswellinChina.,表示状态的动词不能用被动语态。e.g.Ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem.Hehasabighouseneartheriver.Youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation.,一些特殊的被动语态句型：It+动词的被动语态形式+that引导的从句e.g.Itissaidthathewillrecoversoon.Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned.,主语+动词的被动语态形式+动词不定式e.g.TheSunwasoncethoughttotravelaroundtheEarth.,常用于这类句型的动词有say，believe，report，suppose，know和prove等。,Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._,arebeing,theElectricWearCompany,beendeveloped,wasinvented,areused,beencompleted,willbeproduced,willbe,beenannounced,arecleaned/canbecleaned,ReadtheinformationonPage49andcompletethereportontheevent.,情态动词的被动语态形式可用于谈论能力、可能性、职责和允诺等。e.g.FirefighterscouldbetrainedusingRealCine.,Modalverbsandthepassivevoice,2.情态动词的被动语态形式是在情态动词后加be和过去分词。,e.g.Computercanworkoutthepositionoftheuseratanytime.e.g.Thepositionoftheusercanbeworkedoutatanytime.,情态动词+不带to的动词不定式,情态动词+be+过去分词,ReadthetableonPage50andnotetheuseofthesemodalverbsintheactiveandpassivevoices.,ReadthefirstreportonPage50andcompletethesecond.,Answers:1._2._3._4._5._,canbereduced,mustbetaken,mustbeworn,maybecome,oughttobereduced,Someverbsareoftenusedinthepassivevoiceandfunctionlikeadjectives.e.g.Thechildrenaregettingexcitedaboutthecomingholiday.Dontyougettiredofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?,Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice,LookatthetimelineshowingthehistoryofNapsterandcompletethearticleonPage51.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._,boredwith,interestedin,wasfounded,wereemployed,wassurprisedat,wasaccusedof,wascloseddown,waspurchased,1.Itremains_whetherJimllbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.A.seenB.tobeseenC.seeingD.tosee,被动语态练习,2.Yourjob_openforyourreturn.Thanks.A.willbekeptB.willkeepC.hadkeptD.hadbeenkept,3.Idontsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.Well,surprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand_now.A.hasbeenquestionedB.isbeingquestionedC.isquestioningD.hasquestioned,4.Tomsoundsverymuch_inthejob,butImnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyD.interestedly5.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt,6.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWe