Unit-7-Culture-习题与解答.docx

Unit 7 CultureExercise I Vocabulary and StructureSection ADirections:Choose the best word to complete each of the following sentences1. He left the spot immediately, afraid of being _ in the car accident. DA. connectedB. takenC. seatedD. involved 2. As the dictionary says, “graciousness” _ means being polite, kind and generous.AA. literallyB. gracefullyC. exactlyD. constantly 3. He insisted that she _ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice.DA. couldB. wouldC. mightD. should 4. We dont believe that those special kinds of leaves are _. BA. actualB. edibleC. ridiculousD. comprehensive 5. She was scared to _ her fathers wishes.CA. go aboutB. go throughC. go againstD. go on6. Many a parent _ to go through this same painful process.BA. haveB. hasC. are havingD. is having7. _ the war finally came to an end.（直到1972年，战争才结束）AA. It was not until 1972 thatB. No sooner it was 1972 thanC. Hardly it was 1972 thatD. Scarcely it was 1972 when8. He drove to the airport to _ Mr. Dixon who came to see him from Orillia.AA. pick upB. set outC. call forD. tone down 9. It is considerate _ you to do me a favor at this moment.CA. toB. forC. ofD. about 10. “Please dont worry. Well give you a _ delivery of your purchase.” the shop assistant said.BA. briefB. prompt（立刻）C. nastyD. well-intentioned（出于好意的）11. It is so heavy that it can only be lifted with our _ effort. AA. jointB. equalC. aptD. courteous 12. She _ crying very helpful to express her sadness.AA. considersB. confirmsC. believesD. pretends 13. The plan had been _, which made him very angry.AA. called offB. called upC. called inD. called on 14. Hesmoking when he was still a teenager.AA. slipped into（slip into doing sth，悄悄做某事)B. got used toC. took leave ofD. contributed to15. Haughtiness（傲慢） invites losses whilebrings profits.DA. dignityB. uprightness （正直，诚实，垂直）C. respectD. modesty16. Weve decided to negotiatethe employers about our wage claim.DA. toB. onC. forD. with17. The children werefrom their father.DA. leftB. segregatedC. keptD. parted18.makes waste.C A. HurryB. RushC. HasteD. Hastiness19. The frightened people fledthe fire.BA. offB. fromC. withD. away20. Inflation（通货膨胀）saving.BA. admonishes（告诫，劝告） B. discouragesC. warnsD. deters（制止，阻止)21. I wouldfire and water（冒着危险，赴汤蹈火） to find out the truth of that matter.AA. go throughB. work throughC. run throughD. put through22. This is a translation; theis in French.CA.archetype(原型）B. copyC. originalD. fake23. We were thinking of surprising Helen with a birthday present, but Peterthe beans（短语，泄密） by asking her what she would like.DA. spreadB. slopped（溢出，溅出）C. shed（倾诉，流出）D. spilled24. He is tooto criticism.DA. sensible（明智的，合乎情理的）B. responsiveC. activeD. sensitive25. The food was excellent, andthe wine.CA. likelyB. as wellC. likewiseD. alikeSection BDirections:Complete the following sentences with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.26. He couldnt hide his _ (embarrass) at his childs rudeness.embarrassment27. It is _ (custom) for customers to tip the servers when going out to restaurants, bars and coffee shops in America.customary28. If the painting is an _ (origin), it will be very valuable, but I think it may be a fake.original29. Let us be kind and _ (thought) and not be unkind and hurt other people.thoughtful30. We take this opportunity of expressing our sincere _ (appreciate) of your help.appreciation31. Despite his achievements, he retains an endearing sense of _ (grace) and humility.graciousness32. The company put forward a _ (propose) for a joint posal33. His answer to my question has only added to my _ (confuse).confusion34. All disputes in connection with this contract should be settled through friendly _ (negotiate).negotiation35. He has many good qualities- generosity, diligence, _ (modest), simplicity, and so forth.modestyExerciseII Reading ComprehensionDirections:This passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and fill in the corresponding letters in the boxes after each question.Passage OneQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.What impact can mobile phones have on their users health? Many people worry about the supposed ill effects caused byradiationfromhandsetsandbase stations, despite the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is rather more abundant. Indeed, asystematicreview carried out by Rifat Atun and his colleagues at Imperial College, London,rounds up150 examples of the use of text-messaging in the delivery of health care. These users fall into threecategories: efficiency gains; public-health gains; and direct benefits to patients by incorporating text-messaging into treatmentregimes. The study, funded by Vodafone, the worlds largest mobile operator, was published this week.Using texting to boost efficiency is not rocket science, but big savings can be achieved. Several trials carried out in England have found that the use of text-messaging reminders reduces the number of missed appointments with family doctors by 26%-39%, for example, and the number of missed hospital appointments by 33%-50%. If suchschemeswererolled outnationally, this would translate into annual savings of 256 million to 364 million pounds.Text message are also being used to remind patients about blood tests,clinics, scans anddentalappointments. Similar schemes in America, Norway and Sweden have had equally satisfying resultsthough the use of text-message reminders in the Netherlands, where non-attendance rates are low, at 4%, had no effect other than to annoy patients.Text message can also be a good way todisseminate（广泛传播）public-health information, particularly to groups who are hard to reach by other means, such as teenagers, or in developing countries where other means of communication are unavailable. Text messages have been used in India to inform people about the World Health Organizations strategy to controltuberculosis, for example, and in Kenya, Nigeria and Mali to provide information about HIV and malaria. In Iraq, text messages were used to support a campaign to vaccinate nearly 5 million children againstpolio（小儿麻痹症）.Finally, there are the uses of text-messaging as part of a treatmentregime. These involve sending reminders to patients to take their medicine at the right time, or to encouragecompliance(遵守) with exercise regimes or efforts to stop smoking. The evidence for the effectiveness of such schemes is generallyanecdotal,however, notes Dr. Rifat. More quantitative research is neededwhich is why his team published three papers this week looking at the use of mobile phones in health care in more detail. One of these papers, written inconjunctionwith Victoria Franklin and Stephen Greene of the University of Dundee, in Scotland, reports the results of a trial in whichdiabeticteenagers treatment was backed up with text-messaging.36. We can infer from the study by Rifat Atun and his colleagues that_.CA. mobile phones have profound ill effects on peoples healthB. the relation between mobile phones and health is not provedC. evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is abundantD. Vodafone is the worlds largest mobile operator37. What do the experiments implemented in England indicate?AA. Text-messaging is useful in reminding doctors of their appointments with patients.B. Using texting to boost efficiency is very popular in hospitals.C. Text-messaging has helped to save much money for the hospital.D. Text-messaging plays an important role in treating patients with acute diseases.38. What does the author imply by saying “ though the use of text-message reminders, had no effect other than to annoy patients” (Lines 3-4, Para.3)？DA. Text-messaging is not suitable to remind patients in the Netherlands.B. Text-messaging is very effective in treating patients in the Netherlands.C. The use of text-message reminders in the Netherlands does not annoy patients.D. The use of text-message reminders in the Netherlands was not satisfactory.39. What does the author intend to say by the examples of the countries in the fourth paragraph?AA. Text messages may help to spread information about public health.B. Text messages are easily available in countries like India and Kenya.C. These countries are suffering from terrible infectious disease.D. The technology of sending text messages is advanced in these countries.40. Text-messaging is used as part of doctors treatment by_.BA. carrying out more quantitative researchB. sending messages to remind patientsC. publishing at least three papersD. observing the effects of mobile phonesPassage TwoQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that men are divided into three classes: gold, silver andbronze. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italian economist, argued that “the vital few” account for most progress. In the privatesector（私营部门）, best companies strugglerelentlessly（无情地）to find and keep thevital（必不可少的，维持生命所需的） few. They offer them fat paypackets（大笔款项）, extra training, powerfulmentors（指导）and more challengingassignments（任务）.As the economy begins to recover, companies are trying harder tonurture（培育，培养）raw talent（人才）, or topoach（偷猎，盗用）it from their rivals.Private-equityfirms rely heavily on a few stars. High-tech firms, for all theiregalitarianism（平等主义）, areruthless（残酷的）aboutrecruiting（吸收，添加，招募）the brightest. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find young high-flyers（成功人士，高材生） to cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environments.Bill Conaty and Ram Charans recent bookThe Talent Mastersprovides a nice mix ofportraits（描述，描绘）of well-known talent factories along withsketches（概述，描述） of more recent converts（转换） to the cause. “Talent masters” are proud of theirelitism（精英主义）. GE divides its employees into three groups based on their promise. Hibdustan Unilevercompiles（编辑，收集） a list of people who showinnate（固有的，天生的）leadership qualities. “Talent masters” all seem to agree on the importance of two things: measurement anddifferentiation（分化）. The best companies routinely subject employees to various “reviews” and “assessments（评估）”. But when it comes to high-flyers they make more effort to build up athree-dimensional（三维的，立体的） pictures of their personalities and to provide lots of feedback.A powerful motivator is single out high-flyers for special training. GE spends $ 1 billion a year on it. Novartis sends high-flyers to regular off-site training sessions（学期，会期）. Many companies also embrace（拥抱，接受） on-job training, speaking of “stretch” assignment or “baptisms by fire”. The mostcoveted(令人垂涎的)are foreign postings: these can help young managers understand what it is like to run an entire company with a wide range of problems.Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “talent development”. Bosses of P&G spent 40% of their time onpersonnel. Intel obliged senior managers to spend at least a week in a year teachinghigh-flyers. Involving the companystop brass（高级职员）in the process prevents lower-level managers frommonopolizing（垄断，独占）high-flyers and createsdialogues（对话，交流）between established and future leaders. Successful companies also integrate talent development with their broader strategy to ensure that companies are more than the sum of their parts. P&G likes its managers to be bothinnovative（革新的，创新的） andworldly（精于世俗的）. Goodyear replaced 23 of its 24 senior managers in two years as it shifted its target-consumers from carmakers to motorists.Meanwhile, in their rush to classify people, companies can miss potential stars. Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves. But the first problem can be fixed by flexibility: people who are average in one job can become stars in another. And people who become toosmug（沾沾自喜的，自鸣得意的）can bediscarded（丢弃）.41. The author mentions the needs for talent of different firms in the second para