2019高考英语语法突破四大篇第三部分专题4数词课件.ppt

,Grammar,第三部分词法篇代词、冠词、介词和数词,专题1代词专题2冠词专题3介词专题4数词,PART1,高频考点清单,PART2,重温高考真题,PART3,热考点集训,专题4数词,PART4,综合演练,PART1,高频考点清单,框架结构图,基数词的构成及作用,1.常用基数词表,2.基数词构成歌诀1至12逐个记，13至19teen结尾。20至90整十位，ty结尾是后缀。要是表示“几十几”，连字符十位连个位。若要表示“几百几”，hundred之后and立。若要用于复合形容词，连字符相连不加-s。注意：(1)hundred，thousand，million，billion等词前有基数词或several时，须用单数；与of连用时，用复数，但其前面不能再加数词。如：sixhundredpeoplehundredsofpeople,(2)dozen前有具体数词修饰时，用单数，of可省略；当dozen后面接these，those，them，us等词时，须先接of，再接这些词，但dozen仍不加-s；dozensof中的of不可省。score用法和dozen相当，但of一般不省略。severaldozenpencilsdozensofstudentsthreedozenoftheseeggstwodozenofthemtwoscoreofeggsscoresofbooks3.基数词的位置常位于another，all之后，such，more之前，可置于last，next，other之前或之后。anothertwodaysallthetenbooksonemoreappletwosuchpenshislasttwodays/histwolastdays,4.基数词的句法功能(1)主语Threewillbeenough.(2)宾语Thecityhasapopulationofthreemillion.(3)表语Thepopulationofthiscityisnearlytwomillion.(4)同位语Theytwowenttothecinema.(5)定语Theriverisabouteightmileslong.,1.常用序数词表,序数词的构成及作用,注意：21以上的多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21sttwenty-first；22ndtwenty-second；33rdthirty-third；100thonehundredth2.序数词的句法功能(1)定语thefirstdayoftheweekmyfirstvisittoBeijing(2)表语Youarethefirsttoleave.,(3)主语Thesecondwasevenworse.(4)同位语Tom，thefirst，ishere.(5)宾语Doyoupreferthefirstorthesecond?注意：序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词。Thisisthefirstone.ThisishersecondvisittoJapan.序数词前有时可用不定冠词a，此时不强调顺序。“a序数词”相当于another，表示“又一个，再一个”。Youdbettertryathirdtime.,1.用于构成分数、百分数、小数onethirdtwothirds/two-thirdstwo-fifthsofthestudentsthirtypercentofthewatersixpointfour注意：表示几分之几(或百分之几)的人或物时，须在分数(或百分数)和人或物之间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数应与of后面的名词的数保持一致。如：Seventypercentofherinewasspentonclothes.,数词的应用,2.倍数表达法(1)A谓语倍数as原级asBThebagistwiceasbigasthatone.(2)A谓语倍数asmany/much名词asBIhavetwiceasmanybooksashe(does).(3)A谓语倍数比较级thanBThisclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthanours.(4)A谓语倍数thesize(width/length/height/depth等)ofBYourpieceofbreadisthreetimesthesizeofmine.注意：表达倍数时，常用half表示“一半”，用double或twice表示“两倍”，用基数词times表示三或三倍以上。,3.日期的表达(1)某年：in数字in2018(2)某月：in月份inMay(3)某年某月：in月年inMay2018(4)某年某月某日：on月日/on日月，年onMay1(st)/1(st)May,2018,4.时刻的表达twenty-onepast/aftereight或eighttwenty-onefourto/ofnine或eightfifty-sixhalfpasteight或eightthirtyaquarterto/often或nineforty-five5.年代的表达theearly1920s/1920stheearlytwentiesthemid-eighties,6.其他特殊表达(1)表示“每一段时间”或“每隔”everythreedays/everyfourthdayeveryotherdayeveryfewdays(2)表示年龄inonesteensinonestwentiesattheageof17,Heistwentyyearsold.Heisamanoftwenty.Heisatwenty-year-oldman.(3)用于习语中oneatatimeonebyonetenoutoften,1.数词的拼写错误fourty(误)forty(正)ninty(误)ninety(正)nineth(误)ninth(正)twentith(误)twentieth(正)twentieth-first(误)twenty-first(正)threefifth(误)threefifths(正)the2thofFebruary(误)the2ndofFebruary(正)OneThousandOneNights(误)OneThousandandOneNights(正),书面表达中数词易错点聚焦,2.特殊表达中的错误everyotherdays(误)everyotherday(正)inhistens(误)inhisteens(正)severaldozensofthem(误)severaldozenofthem(正)moretwodays(误)twomoredays/anothertwodays(正)Youdbettertrythethirdtime.(误)Youdbettertryathirdtime.(正),PART2,重温高考真题,.单句语法填空1.Actually，thislatestchildrensversion，belongingtoaprogramtitledXiaoXigu(literally，youngartists)，isinhonorofthe(thirty)anniversaryofthe1987work，praisedasthemostclassic.(2018安徽皖北协作区高三联考),答案,解析,解析“the序数词”表示特指“第几个”，故填thirtieth。,thirtieth,1,2,3,2.Iamstillthankfultomyuncleforteachingmetorideabikeonmy_(nine)birthday.(2017东北师范大学附中模拟),答案,解析,解析句意为：我依旧感谢叔叔在我九岁生日(第九个生日)时教我学会骑自行车。,ninth,1,2,3,3.Hemissedthegoldinthehighjump，butwillgetsecondchanceinthelongjump.(2012大纲全国),答案,解析,解析在序数词前用a，则表示“再次，还有”之意。,a,1,2,3,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Iammorethanhappytoknowyougotafirstprizeinthespeechcontest.(2018湖南张家界三模),答案,解析,解析thefirstprize为固定用法，意为“第一名，一等奖”，而且英语中表示顺序的序数词前一般用the来表示顺序。所以句中的afirstprize中的a要改为the。,the,1,2,3,4,5,6,2.Duringthesixthdays，aseriesofEnglishactivitieswereorganized.(2018云南师大附中模拟),答案,解析,解析during后接时间段，此处表示六天，故用基数词。如果表达在第六天，则说onthesixthday。,six,1,2,3,4,5,6,3.Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday，Itookdrivinglessons.(2017全国),答案,解析,解析表达多少岁生日用序数词，因此eighteen应该改为eighteenth。,eighteenth,1,2,3,4,5,6,4.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.(2017全国),答案,解析,解析句意为：我仍然记得第一天有多艰难。表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词the或者用限定词进行修饰。,the/my,1,2,3,4,5,6,5.Itsabigcitywithapopulationofabout7millions.(2017河南毕业班高考适应性练习),答案,解析,解析million前有基数词7，须用单数。,million,1,2,3,4,5,6,6.Iwanttohaveapenfriend，hopefullyagirlintheearlytwenties，andwithinterestssimilartomine.(2017河南六市联考),解析表示不确定的年龄，用inones逢十的基数词的复数形式。,her,1,2,3,4,5,6,答案,解析,PART3,热考点集训,.单句语法填空1.There(be)onedeskandthreechairsintheroom.2.Whatsthedatetoday?Itsthe(four)ofJuly.3.Therearebusestothestationevery(twenty)minute.4.Shewasthefirstwoman(win)thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.5.Inordertofindabetterjob，hedecidedtostudysecondforeignlanguage.,查看答案,is,fourth,towin,twentieth,a,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Twohundreddollarsarenotlargeforus，anditseasyforustogainintwodays.2.Everyyear，millionofpeoplediefromillnesscausedbysmoking.3.IhavealreadygottwolettersfromSusanthisyear，andthisisathirdone.4.WearetoldthatProfessorChenlivesonthetwenty-twofloorofthisbuilding.5.Two-fifthsofthemachineondisplayarenewitems.,is,查看答案,millions,the,twenty-second,machines,.数词填空(数词专练)Thereare1.seasonsinayear：spring，summer，autumnandwinter.Ayearcanalsobedividedinto2.months.Eachmonthisdividedinto3.periods：thefirst，themiddleandthelastten-dayperiod.MothersDayfallsonthe4.SundayofMaywhileFathersDayonthe5._SundayofJuneeveryyear.The6.monthoftheyearisDecember.Thereare7.pleteweeksplusanextraday，or8.inayearbecausethereare9.daysinamonyearbut10._daysinaleapyear.,查看答案,four,twelve,three,second,third,twelfth,fifty-two,two,threehundredandsixty-five,three,hundredandsixty-six,PART4,综合演练,词法篇代词、冠词、介词和数词,.单句语法填空(一)1.Wecanrelax(we)whilereadingherblog.2.Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.short，hesreliable.3.Asuccessfullearnerisanindependentone，whohasadeterminedwillandamazingpatience.4.TheyareheadingforFloridafor(they)honeymoonandplantoframethetreasuredpictureassoonastheygetback.5.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant，butIdonthaveenoughmoneyme.,查看答案,ourselves,In,their,both,with,6.Shedidnothesitateforlong；althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile，sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease(he).7.theend，theyoungmenfoundthatworkinghardistrulyatreasureinitself.8.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools.9.Thisregionishomemanyspeciesofwildflowers.10.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomontopfloor.11.Atthebadnews，thewomanputherhandshereyesandcriedout.,查看答案,him,In,to,that,over,the,12.Ifyoukeeponwriting，youwillhavebrighterfuture，likelytobeeaJ.K.Rowling.13.Ihatewhensomeonemakesamessofmylearningmaterialsonmydesk.14.Awoman，sittingnexttheboy，discoveredhewasonaschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.15.Weusedtomistakethatheavyobjectsfellfasterthanlight.,查看答案,a,it,ones,to,(二)16.Theproblemshouldbehandledverycarefullytobalancetheneedsofpeoplewithofnature.17.Hesaidwasnotnicetoeatmeatwithonesfingersbecausetheywerenotalwaysclean.18.Thedriverwasatlosswhenwordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.19.Heknewverywellthehareranahundredtimesfasterthanhe(him)did.20.JohnnyCarsonbeganhiscareerintelevisioninhis(twenty).,查看答案,those,it,himself,a,twenties,21.Whetheritsyourbirthdayorafriendorfamilymembers，decoratingyourhomecanbeasenjoyableastheparty(it).22.Freshair，sunlightandenoughphysicalexerciseareneededahealthybody.23.Soifyouhavenotpreparedenough，havingsomeindooramusementsisalsogoodchoice，whichmaybemuchcheaperandeasiertocarryout.24.“Nevermind，”Isaid.“Atleastyoullknowwhenyourtrainslate，(I)willbe，too.”25.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.,查看答案,itself,for,mine,a,with,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)(一)1.AnaccidenthappeninginarainySundayafternoonchangedmyattitude.2.Ithinkitgoodhabitthatinoursparetimewereadmorebooksofgreatuse.3.Yesterday，oneofmyfavoritestampswaslost，whichmademereallyupset.Ilookedforiteverywhereandaskedeverybodyintheroom，butstillIcouldntfindthem.,on,it,查看答案,a,4.Toimprovemygrades，Ipaidmoreattentionfortheteacherstalkinginclass.5.ThreeyearsagoIfailedanimportantexaminmylifeandbecameastudentinaordinaryschool.6.Itispossiblethatsomeofwemayhaveabrotherorsister.7.ClassestaughtinEnglishprovidestudentsforabetterlanguageenvironment.8.Forthesakeofoursafetyandtheotherssafety，weshouldobeythetrafficrules.,to,an,us,查看答案,with,9.AsIwaswaitingmyordertoe，Inoticedanoldmaninawheelchairrollhimselfovertoatable.10.Ivebeenverybusyrecently，forIvebeenpreparingforingexam，whichisvitalformeandmyfuturelife.11.IvealwaysbeendreamingofhavinganopportunitytotravelinEnglish-speakingcountrieslikeyourtopractiseandimprovemyEnglish.,yours,查看答案,for,the,12.Uptonow，hehasbeememberofourfamilyandeveryonehasenjoyedhispany.13.Afterclass，Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmatewouldhavedroppedoutofschoolifshehadntbeenhelpedwithothers.14.IfIhavesuchapenfriend，Ithinkwecanshareourtravellingexperienceswitheachother，takingcareofpets，orwhateverwehavesomethinginmon.15.Therewasonceaelderlywomaninanursinghome.,by,an,查看答案,a,(二)16.Inmiddleoftheterm，Ibecameoneofthebestplayersinmyschool.17.ItakegreatprideofthisexperiencebecauseitnotonlyhelpsmerealizethatIcanachievemypotentialthroughhardwork，butmakesmeknowtheproverb“Practicemakesperfect”.18.LastSundayIsawaworststorminyears.Itcamesuddenlyandwentonforoverthreehours.,in,the,查看答案,the,19.Wealllovethosethingssomuchthatwetravelthousandofmilestobearoundpeoplewholovethethingsthatwelovethewaythatwelovethem.20.Iputalittleoil，saltandsugaronthesteakandmixedittogether.21.First，beawareofyouradvantagesandacceptyou.22.Alargenumberofstudentsattendedtothecontestandshowedtheirwonderfulperformances.,thousands,them,yourself,查看答案,23.Onthestage，thoughfacinggreatpressure，thespeakersbravelyovercameitandchallengedthemtoachievegreatsuccess.24.Throughsuchactivity，weknowalotmoreaboutourstudents.25.Alsomovinguponthelistthisyearisspinach(菠菜)，whichjumpsfromtheeighttothesecondmostpollutedproduct.,themselves,eighth,查看答案,an,.语法填空(2018吉林长春四模)Nomatterwhereyouare，humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtime.Someofusaregoodatitplanninganddoingthingsaheadoftime,1.othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhour.,解析1,答案,while,解析考查连词。该空的前后两句话之间是对比关系，所以这里应该填连词while。,返回,Tardiness(拖拉)canbeserious.Ifyou2.(be)oneminutelateforwork，wouldyouresign?Itmaysoundextreme，butthatisexactly3.occurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament，theHouseofLords，inJanuary2018.InternationaldevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate，and，asaresult，wasunabletoanswera4.(schedule)question.Insteadoftrying5.(make)upforlosttime，asmanymightdo，heresignedon6.spot.Heapologizedforhisdiscourtesy(无礼)andstatedthathewasashamed.Hisresignation，though,7.(reject)bytheUKprimeminister.,答案,were,what,scheduled,解析7,解析6,解析5,解析4,解析3,解析2,tomake,the,wasrejected,解析考查虚拟语气。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，即非真实条件句。此处是对现在情况的虚拟，所以这里be动词为were。,返回,解析考查连接代词。本句是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，这里的主语指代的是事情，所以用what。,返回,解析考查形容词。在冠词a和名词question之间应该用形容词，所以把schedule变成形容词形式scheduled(预定的)。,返回,解析考查动词不定式。固定搭配trytodosth.(努力做某事)，所以这里填tomake。,返回,解析考查定冠词。固定短语onthespot(在现场)。句意为：他并没有像许多人那样，试图弥补失去的时间，而是当场辞职。所以这里应该填冠词the。,返回,解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据本段时