江苏省镇江市中考英语专项复习完型填空学案无答案.docx

完形填空 学习目标：完型填空的解题技巧学习重点、难点：语篇的理解，语境的理解，词义的辨析【课前导学】完型填空题主要从以下四步做起：第一步：重视句首，把握开篇。完型填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。第二步：熟读全文，掌握大意。速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方要快速读下去。读时要找出关键词、中心词、划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样做速读慢、准确率低。第三步：瞻前顾后，灵活答题。“瞻前顾后” ，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白词填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试题。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。第四步：复核全文，调整答案。把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点：1、上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。2、从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配，甚至语感入手，看是否符合上文的逻辑。3、段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。【课堂学习】For most people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question, “What 1 are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a 2 coat.” “His shirt was really a fashionable color.”But of course there are fashions 3 many things，not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are 4 fashions in school subjects, jobsand in languages. Fashions 5 as time goes. 6 you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different 7 one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1850.Today fashions change very quickly. We hear about things 8 more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, telephones and televisions send information from one country 9 another in a few hours. New fashions mean that people will 10 new things, so you see there is money in fashion.( ) 1.A. colorB. clothesC. foodD. money( ) 2.A. niceB. beautifulC. expensiveD. fashionable( ) 3.A. atB. byC. inD. with( ) 4.A. evenB. justC. onlyD. already( ) 5.A. changeB. changesC. are changedD. changed( ) 6.A. WhereB. WhenC. IfD. As( ) 7.A. onB. forC. withD. from( ) 8.A. veryB. muchC. tooD. quite( ) 9.A. inB. byC. toD. with( ) 10.A. buyB. sellC. getD. use解题技巧分析：1.通读全文，特别注意首句是做好完形填空的第一步。如本文第一句即讲明了文章的中心话题：fashion，but更转折出了文章的主要观点：Fashion not only in Clothes。2.在理解全文意思的基础上，结合所给选项，联系上下文，寻找解题提示，如：What 1 are in fashion? 根据首句“时髦意味着衣服”，很容易推测出要问的是“衣服”。如：And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a 2 coat. 根据上文“用同样的方法使用形容词 fashionable”，下文自然是含有fashionable的句子。3.逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。如同义词、近义词或反义词等，如：But of course there are fashions 3 many things，not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. 通过But与not only的转折补充关系，运用语感感知法立刻就能锁定正确选项。如：There are 4 fashions in school subjects, jobsand in languages.上句“假期时髦、餐馆时髦”和本句的“学科时髦、工作时髦”之间是进一步说明的关系，因此，要选表示递进关系的副词。这四个副词中只有even表示递进关系。4.连接词是语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。解题时，要仔细分析推理前后的逻辑关系，确定选项。如：Fashions 5 as time goes. 6 you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. “看过去的像片或物品”和“看到时髦总是在变化”是条件与结果的关系，因此，本句应选引导条件状语从句的连词。5.词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配。如：An English house of 1750 was different 7 one of 1650. 表示“与不同”，要用固定词组be different from。如：Newspapers, telephones and televisions send information from one country 9 another in a few hours. 指“从一个国家，到另一个国家”。表达这一意思时，要用连词词组fromto6.完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。所以要注意结合语境比较细微差别，推敲最佳答案。如：Today fashions change very quickly. We hear about things 8 more quickly than in the pastNew fashions mean that people will 10 new things, so you see there is money in fashion.解答过程中要弄清very, much, too, quite; buy, sell, get, use两组词的意思及用法区别。【课后拓展】（1）社会现象类In America, where labor (劳工) costs are so high, do-it-yourself is a way of life. Many people _1_ their own cars, build their own garages, and even rebuild their own houses. _2_ many of them will also write their own books. In Hollywood there is a _3_ that publishes(出版) childrens books with the help of computers. _4_ other book companies also publish that way, this company is not like the others. It _5_ the reader to become the main character with the help of computers. Here is _6_ they do it.Let us suppose a child is named Hody. The computer uses this information to make up a story_7_ pictures. The story is then printed up. This book is about me, a child who _8_ such a book might say. So the company is called the Me-Books Publishing Company._9_ like me-books because they like to see in print their own names, their pictures, and the names of their friends and their pets. But more _10_, in this way, readers are much more interested in reading the stories. Me-books are helping children to learn how to read.( ) 1.A. makeB. buildC. buyD. repair( ) 2.A. OtherwiseB. OnlyC. OnceD. Soon( ) 3.A. directorB. personC. companyD. computer( ) 4.A. HoweverB. AlthoughC. ThatD. Unless( ) 5.A. allowsB. hatesC. hiresD. pays( ) 6.A. whatB. howC. whyD. where( ) 7.A. withB. aboutC. forD. except( ) 8.A. printsB. borrowsC. sellsD. receives( ) 9.A. WritersB. ChildrenC. CompaniesD. Friends( ) 10.A. impossibleB. imaginativeC. importantD. inactive（2）社会历史类Where is the university(大学)?This is a question that many visitors to Cambridge(剑桥)ask. But no one can give them a _ 1_answer, for there is no wall to be found _2 _ the university. Theuniversity is the city. You can find classroom buildings, _3 _, museums and offices of the university all over the city. And most of its members are the students and _4_ of the thirty-one colleges (学院).Cambridge was already a _5_ town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years ago. It grew up by the river Grant, and the river was once _ 6_the Cam. A _ 7 _was built over the river as early as 875. So the town got its name Cambridge.In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries more and more land was used for college buildings. The town grew much _8_ in the nineteenth century after the opening of the railway in 1845. Cambridge became _ 9 _in 1951 and now it has a population of over 100, 000. Many young students in other countries _10_ to study at Cambridge. Thousands of people from all over the world come to visit the university town. It has become a famous place all around the world.( ) 1.A. trueB. clearC. rightD. real( ) 2.A. onB. aroundC. nearD. by( ) 3.A. librariesB. parksC. zoosD. markets( ) 4.A. parentsB. farmersC. workersD. teachers( ) 5.A. yetB. alreadyC. veryD. also( ) 6.A. reachedB. gotC. arrivedD. arrived in( ) 7.A. saidB. calledC. spokenD. talked( ) 8.A. bridgeB. buildingC. stationD. house( ) 9.A. smallerB. slowerC. fasterD. cleaner( ) 10.A. stopB. hateC. dreamD. need（3）教育类Many people think the more time is spent, the more work will be done. So students have to _1_ the whole day doing school work except three meals.Modern students have many _2_. They love sports, computers and music. A two-day weekend can get them away from _3_ school work, and they can do what they like. But still teachers do not think about it. Students have so much homework that they have no time to _4_ themselves. Students are really hate doing their weekend homework. So they dont do it _5_ Sunday night. And there is not enough time to finish the homework _6_. The poor weekend homework usually makes teachers _7_.Too much school work make students _8_ interest in learning. Its also bad for their _9_. A horse runs faster after a rest. But for students only rest is not enough. So such a condition(状况)should be changed to give students both _10_ and knowledge.( ) 1.A. takeB. costC. spendD. pay( ) 2.A. interestsB. booksC. pensD. friends( ) 3.A. too manyB. many tooC. too muchD. much too( ) 4.A. learnB. enjoyC. teachD. look after( ) 5.A. inB. withC. atD. until( ) 6.A. carefullyB. angrilyC. helpfullyD. widely( ) 7.A. happyB. weakC. angryD. strong( ) 8.A. loseB. to loseC. losingD. lost( ) 9.A. headsB. ideasC. healthD. messages( ) 10.A. foodB. pleasureC. moneyD. subjects（4）健康保健类Early in the morning, at noon, or in the evening in big cities and in the countryside, all over the United States, you can see Americans running men and women, young and old. People run _1_ along the beaches of California, 2 Central Park in New York, down quiet streets in small towns or at the gym. Some people even run in 3 living rooms.Running wasnt so popular in the past. In the 1960s, runners were mostly athletes and healthy strong people. When people saw a runner, they used 4 , “Hey, whats the hurry for？”or th