人教版七年级英语总复习 一 时态.doc

初一英语专题训练 时态 by Julie一般现在时 (The Simple Present Tense)：一意义一般现在时表示：1、现在的状态；2、经常或习惯性动作；3、主语所具备的性格和能力；4、真理。二标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）三结构：（一）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.）练习：1.I_(be) a student. My name_(be) Tom. 2. Where _(be) my shoes? They_(be) here.3.Who _(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she _(be) Kate. 4. You and I _(not be) in Class Six.5._(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_(be). 6. _ her parent tall? No, he_.（二）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他 （用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）（三）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式：1.一般在动词后直接加 s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies，carry-carries3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches4.特殊情况：have-has do-does go-goes练习：1)His parents _(watch) TV every night. 2) My brother _(do) homework every day. 3)His parents _(not watch) every night. 4)My brother_(not do)homework every day. 5)_his parents_(watch) TV every night? Yes, they _. No, they _.6)_ your brother _ homework every day? Yes, he_. No, he _. 7)When_ his parents _(watch) TV? 8)When _ your brother _(do) homework?一般现在时 (The Simple Past Tense)(课本P100)：一、一般过去时态定义表过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。常与yesterday, last week/month/ year, two months ago, the day before yesterday，in 1990, in those days等表示过去的时间状语连用。如：I was born in 1990. When did you go to the park? I went to the park last week. 二、一般过去时态句子结构上面的句属于be动词的一般过去时态；句和句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。1 Be 动词的一般过去时态在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语 如：I was late yesterday.否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语 如：We werent late yesterday. She wasnt a teacher three years ago.疑问句：一般疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语 如：Were you ill yesterday? Were they once your classmates？ 肯定回答： Yes, I was. 否定句： No, I wasnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Was (Were) +主语+表语Who were your best friends in your primary school?2. 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 如：I cleaned my room yesterday. 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语 如：I didnt go home yesterday. He didnt tell me about you. 疑问句：一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如：Did you go home yesterday?Did you study in the school? 肯定回答： Yes, I did.否定回答：No, I didnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did +主语+动词原型+宾语When did you finish your homework last night? What did you do the day before yesterday? 3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数 willwould（将要）用于所有人称can could（能，会） maymight（可以） mustmust （必须）have tohad to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) 三、一般过去时态动词变化形式一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：playplayed workworked2） 以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like- liked loveloved 3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：studystudied carrycarried4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stopstopped P.S ed的读音规则如下：i. 在清辅音后面读t。 如：workworked helphelped ii. 在浊辅音或元音后读d。 如：learnlearned iii. 在t 和d 后读id。 如：supportsupported （支持） 5） 不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词。我们常用的有: am / is/ are (是) was/ were do（做，干）-did, can（能）-could,think（认为）-thought, sleep （睡觉）-slept, make（使得，做）-made,know（知道，认识）-knew, spend （花费）-spent, swim （游泳）-swam,eat（吃）-ate, have (has) （有/吃喝）-had, drink（喝）-drank, run （跑）-ran,hear（听heard say （说）-said, read（读）-read, write（写） -wrote see （看见）-saw, speak（说话）-spoke, tell （告诉）-told, sing（唱歌）-sang,wear（穿）-wore, catch（捉住）-caught, feel（感觉）-felt, lie（躺，平放）-lay, bring（拿来）-brought take （带走）-took, come（来）-came, go（去）-went,get（获得）-got, give（给予）-gave, stand （站立）-stood, sit （坐）-sat, buy（买）-boughtsell （卖）-sold,teach（教）-taught, learn（学习）-learntP.S 以上为常见的一些动词，why not try in this way?：如“听说读写”归类法，又如反义词搭配法.（详见不规则动词表） 四 。练习题练习题(一) 句型转换1.Did she study English well?(改为肯定句)She_English well.2.I went to Los Angeles two years ago.(对划线部分提问)_did you_to Los Angeles?3.We had a great time.(同义句)We_ _.4.It took us about nine hours to get there.(对划线部分提问)_ _ _it _you to get there?5.We saw the homes of the movie stars there.(同上)_ did you_there?6.We got here by bike.(同上)_ _you_here?7.Jenny didnt come with me because she was tired.(同上)_ _Jenny come with you?8.Finally today I did some shopping.(同义句)Finally today I _ _.9.Tom did his homework at home last night.(改为否定句)Tom _ _his homework at home last night.（二）根据汉语意思完成英语句子1去你的新房用了多长时间？_ _did it_to get to your new house.2我们在公园里拍了许多照片。We_ lots of _in the park.3他们在一家小餐馆里吃晚饭。They_ _ in a small restaurant.4明天我打算坐公共汽车回家。Tomorrow I am going to take a bus to_ _.5我们昨天下午去最近的公园散步。We went_ _ _in the nearest park.6上周日她买了些礼物。She_ _ _last Sunday.7上周五我们乘火车到达，然后乘公共汽车到她家。We arrived_ _last Friday and_ _ _to her house.（三）补全对话,选出正确的句子完成对话，把序号填入横线。A.No,I didnt. B.I went to Greece.Then I went back to Beijing.C. Yes,there was.D.We had hamburgers for lunch.E. It was rainy all day. 1.A: How was the weather? B:_2.A:Did you buy a present for her? B:_3.A:Where did you go? B:_4.A:Was there a football match at 4:00 yesterday afternoon? B:_5.A:What did you have for lunch. B:_现在进行时(The Present Progressive Tense)：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。(课本P99)一标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）.二结构:主语+系动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)P.S现在分词的构成：1.直接在动词后加ing: eat-eating，read-reading 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking, make-making 3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing；一