中考考点解析二other,others等.doc

（考点解析一）spend,cost,take和pay的用法1.spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)Sb. spend time/money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)Sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)Sb. spend money for sth.花钱买。例:His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了。2.cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：(1)sth. costs (sb.)金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例:A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2)(doing) sth. costs (sb.)时间 某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。3. take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)It takes sb.时间to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb.时间 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车。4. pay的基本用法是：(1)sb. pay (sb.) money for sth.付钱（给某人）买。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth.付的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb.替某人付钱。例:Dont worry! Ill pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb.付钱给某人。例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5）pay money back还钱。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。（6）pay off ones money还清钱。现学现用：1.这件外套花费了我100元。几种不同的表达方式。I spend 100 yuan on this coat.= I spend 100 yuan buying this coat.The coat costs me 100 yuan. = It costs me 100 yuan to buy this coat.I paid 100 yuan for this coat.It takes me 100 yuan to buy this coat.2. They spend too much timethe report. A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write3. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive. -No, they onlyl0 yuan A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost4. -Will you pleasefor my dinner Peter? -Sure! A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take5. It willme too much time to read this book. A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay6. This science book _ me a great amount of money. A. took B. cost C. used D. spent答案：2-6：A D B A B*【考点解析二】other,the other,another,others和the others的用法other,the other,another,others和the others的用法Theother特指两个或两部分中的另一个或另一部分，可接单数或者复数名词，表示两个中“一个另一个”，常用结构式为：one.theother.e.g.1.Hehastwobrothers,oneisateacher,theotherisadocter.他有两个弟弟，一个是老师，另一个是医生。2.Thereare48studentsinourclass,someworkhard,buttheotherstudentsdont.我们班有48个学生，一些学习努力，其余的学生不努力。Theothers特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”相当于theother+名词复数，指剩余的全部。e.g.Thereare48studentsinourclass,someworkhard,buttheothersdont.我们班有48个学生，一些学习努力，其余的不努力。Other“其他的，另外的”位于名词前做定语。e.g.Welearnchinese,English,mathandothersubjects.我们学习语文、英语、数学和其他的学科。Others相当于other+名词复数,指剩余的另一些，并非全部。e.g.1.Somestudentsaredoinghomework,butothersaretalkingloudly.一些学生正在做作业，但是其他的再大声讲话。2.Alotofpeopleareinthepark,somearesinging,othersaredancing.许多人在公园里面，一些在唱歌，其他的再跳舞。Another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。e.g.Idontlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.注意：another+名词单数=one more+名词单数another+数词+名词复数=数词+more/other+名词复数e.g.1.Iwanttohaveanotherapple. =Iwanttohaveonemoreapple. 我想再吃一个苹果。2.Weneedanothertenchairs. =Weneedtenmore/otherchairs. 我们还需要十把椅子。现学现用：1.-Wouldyouliketohave_cake? -No,thanks.Imfull.A.moreB.anotherC.other2.Wehavetwoforeignteachershere,oneisfromEngland,and_isfromAmerica.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.theothers3.（2015.安徽）We cant do it that way-but whether it will work is _ matter.A.otherB.anotherC.eachD.every4.(2014.河南郑州二模)Dont be afraid of making mistakes because it is simply _ way of lear