英美文学考前串讲.doc

英美文学考前串讲 本文转贴 考试注意事项： 大家好大家辛苦了！现在大家已经到了考前的冲刺阶段这个阶段将起着至关重要的作用到目前为止大家至少应该达到把课本上的八章内容系统的复习过一遍这样通过考试才能更有把握！以下内容是广大考生在考前或考试过程中需要注意的一些事项相信它会帮助你提高复习效率同时也是帮助您顺利通考试的重要手段之一！ 1)注意复习的顺序 以前的很多考生在复习时总是看第一章翻了好几天的书还是第一章经实践证明从后往前看的效果过远远高于前者所以如果您已经复习过一遍了那么剩下的这几天建议您从第八章第一章倒着复习这样效果会更佳！（首先建议大家看着前面的目录把每个时期出现的历史时期都写在目录上便于复习这也是考试中选择题中经常考的内容把这一项工作做好了至少可以帮你拿到35分的分值）. 2)关于作家及作品的复习 这一部分大家要看作家的重点理论及主题思想结合选读中的作品主要看每篇选读中的Summary(即选读前括号中的斜体部分),建议大家在最后的几天时间里利用10分钟左右的时间把每篇选读中的人名用彩笔标出来至少得到510分的分值,这经常是选择题或选读题中要考的内容) 3)历年的考题一定要熟练掌握特别是01,02年的考题一定要把握考点切忌只记答案一定要记住与考题选项相关的内容 4)以上八章的串讲资料一定要充分利用只要熟练掌握了这些内容达到融会贯通灵活运用所学知识考试顺利通过一定是自然而然的事情相信自己没错的！ 5)考试当中一定要注意写字的格式特别是简答题或论述题一定要清楚要点1),2),3)清晰明确千万不要只写一整段不分要点这样会导致失去不该失去的得分（关键词一定要写上只要意思表达清楚就可得到基本分） 6)做简答题或论述题的答题要点： A.关于历史时期的介绍 1时间+来源(0.5分1分) 2历史背景(不需要扩充)(12分) 3该时期中最重要的创作思想以及影响该时期的大背景(23分) 4代表作家以及代表作品简介(1分) 5影响(0.51分) B.论述题中人物性格分析的答题要点： 1利用题目发挥(0.51分) 2该任务的代表时期属于个阶层(12分) 3作品中人物经历的有关情节(23分) 4该人物的直接性格分析(12分) 5该人物的文学性格分析(34分) 6作用影响语言风格等(0.51分) C.论述题中关于作家的分析 1利用题目发挥(0.51分) 2该作家所处的历史背景(12分) 3该作家的语言风格(12分) 4该作家说写的典型作品及创作主题(23分) 5关于典型作品的有关情节(12分) 6影响(0.51分) 7)以下内容是我们总结了一些每一章中可能出现的简答题或论述题请大家在考前着重看一下并熟练掌握答案在以前各章的串讲资料中都能找到 英国文学部分： 1Chapter1文艺复兴的特点有些 Shakespeare的戏剧独白分析 2Chapter2新古典主义与浪漫主义的区别 3Chapter3Wordsworth创作的原理以及思想特点 JaneAusten的创作风格以及作品介绍 Chapter4JaneEyre的性格分析 关于GeorgeEliot,ThomasHardy,LawrenceandDreiser四者的自然主义(Naturalism)的思想.(各自的代表作品分析,人物性格分析以及作品的理论) 5Chapter5结合美国文学部分的第三章（现代主义）和英国文学部分现代主义时期各自的影响理论 T.S.Eliots“TheloveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock”的作品分析 美国文学部分: 1Chapter1EmersonsTranscendentalism HawthorneandMelville的象征主义手法/Hawthorne的写作特点(结合YongGoodmanBrown) 2Chapter2MarkTwainsLocalColorism 3Chapter3Hemmingwayswritingstyle FaulknersARoseforEmily(Emily的人物性格分析) 最后预祝大家考试顺利通过心想事成！ Onlythesewhodonotpausehalfwaywillsucceed (成功属于不懈努力的人) 前言：大家好！为了帮助广大的考生在有效的时间内达到较好的复习效果我们总结了近几年来京城一些名师的串讲资料以及上课老师所讲的重点内容对于没有上过课的学生相信它会给您一个指导性的作用帮助您达到事半功倍的效果！而对于上过课的考生来说再看以下的串讲内容效果当然会更好！ 以下的串讲内容包括三方面内容： 第一部分：介绍考试题型及评分标准 第二部分：考试习题集(以串讲内容及课本重点知识为依据) 第三部分:考试注意事项 (由于时间有限难免有不足还请大家原谅) WishyouallSuccessGoodLuck PartIIntroductionaboutExamination: 1)考试题型 第一部分：选择题： I.MultipleChoice:(40points,1pointforeach) E.g.Shakespearesgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept. A.Hamlet B.KingLear C.RomeoandJuliet D.Othello Answer:C.(可参考课本P33) II.ReadingComprehension(16points,4pointsforeach) 也就是根据选读中的一句话或一段话回答三个问题这些完成来自于书上在以下的串讲中我们会给大家做具体的总结以帮助大家顺利的通过考试！ 例如： XX年考过的一个题目： “WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;/DestroyandPreserverhear,Ohear” Questions: A.Identifythepoemandthepoet. B.WhatistheWildSpirit? C.WhatdoestheWildSpiritdestroyandpreserve? Answer: A:ShellysOdetotheWestwind 雪莱的西风颂 B.TheWestwind:breathofAutumnsbeing C.Itdestroysthings/thoughts/ideathataredead,itpreservesnewlife.(orseedsthatrepresentnewlifeornewbirth.) (可参考课本P211) 评分标准： A,B,各1分C,2分.语言错误酌情扣分 第二部分是非选择题(共44分) III.QuestionsandAnswers(24pointsinall,6pointsforeach) 例如：Myboysaidtheoldgentleman,learningoverthedesk.Oliverstartedatthesound.Hemightbeexcusedfordoingso,forthewordswerekindlysaid,andstrangesoundsfrightenone.Hetrembledviolently,andburstintotears.(CharlesDickens,OliverTwist) Explainwhytheboy(OliverTwist)startedfirst,thentrembledviolentlyandburstintotearswhenthewordswere”kindlysaid. 参考答案： Theboystartedatthewordsbecausekindwordswerenotexpected;itis(was,mustbe)thefirsttimeinallhislifethattheboy(OliverTwist)hadbeen“kindly”greeted;strangesoundsmaypredictanothersuffering/misfortune/torture/)(Atleastoneexamplefromthetexttobackuptheabovestatement.) 评分标准： 概述占4分,例子占2分语言错误酌情扣分 IV.Topicdiscussion(20pointsinall,10pointsforeach) Writenolessthan150wordsoneachofthefollowingtopics inEnglishinthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet. 例如： MarkTwinpresentedthe19thcenturyAmericaninhisownuniqueway.DiscussTwainsartoffiction:thesetting,thelanguage,andthecharacters,etc.,basedonhisnovelTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn. 参考答案： A.MarkTwainusestheMississippialleyashisfictionalkingdom,writingaboutthelandscapeandpeople,thecustomsandthedialectsofoneparticularregion,andthereforeknownasalocalcolorist. B.Hecreateslifelikecharacters,especiallytheunconventionalHuckleberryFinn,whorunsawayfromcivilizationandstandsoppositetoconventionalvillagemorality. C.Heusesasimple,directvernacularlanguage,totallydifferentfromanypreciousliterarylanguage.Itisthekindofcolloquiallanguagebelongingtothelowerclass,thelivinglocalAmericanEnglish. D.Hehascreatedaspecialhumortosatirizesocialinjusticeandthedecayedconvention. 评分标准： A,B,C三点各三分D点1分语言错误酌情扣分 注意:在做这一类题时不必死记硬背一些不认识的生词可以换成你较熟悉的词来代替只要意思表达清楚把关键词答上就可以得到基本的分数切忌在做题的过程中死记硬背这样很容易在考试中遗忘所及的内容要在理解的基础上融会贯通充分发挥！万一考试时忘了也不能放弃宁可多写也不能少些或不写 附:非选择题的评分标准： 1.提供的答案仅供参考如果考生答出了参考答案的多数要点 而且某些要点有较好发挥可给满分如果考生的回答与参考答案不完全吻合但确实有理由据能够自圆其说可适当给分如果考生的答案在一两点上有创新即使在整体上不够全面也应酌情给高分但不应超过该题的最高分值分数不得超过该题的最高分值分数不得出现0.5分 2.考生答非所问不给分 3.阅卷时内容和语言要综合考虑语言表达不好的要适当扣分评判语言好坏及扣分原则如下： 1)语言通顺表达清楚很少语法错误和拼写错误则基本根据内容评分 2)语言基本通顺有少数语法错误和拼写错误应扣去该题分值的应扣去该题分值的20%. 3)语言不通顺表达不连贯有较多语法错误和拼写错误应扣去该题分值的40%. 4)语言很不通顺无法表达连贯的意思应扣去该题分值的60%. 注:英美文学这本书共八章英国文学是五章美国文学是三章而在考试中,英国文学占55%60%,美国文学占40%45%所以大家要分清主次以便能在有效地时间内达到最好的效果！切忌：在看串讲资料的过程中不能只记选择题的答案一定要记住考点融会贯通灵活运用！PartOne:EnglishLiterature ChapterIAnIntroductiontoOldandMedievalEnglishLiteratureTheRenaissancePeriod I.Choosetherightanswer: 1.Dr.FaustusisaplaybasedonthelegendofamagicianaspiringforandfinallymeetinghistragicendasaresultofsellinghissoultotheDevil. A.British/immorality B.French/money C.German/knowledge D.American/politicalpower Answer:C(可参考课本P21) 2.,isatypicalexampleofOldEnglishpoetry,isregardedtodayasthenationalepicoftheAngloSaxons. A.TheWifesComplaint B.Beowulf C.TheDreamoftheRood D.TheSeafarer Answer:B(可参考课本P1) 3.ItsChauceralonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,presentedtousaprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishSocietyinhismasterpiece. A.TheCanterburyTales B.TheLegendofGoodWomen C.TroilusandCriseyde D.TheRomauntoftheRose. Answer:A(可参考课本P4) 4.TheEssenceofRenaissance,themostsignificantintellectualmovement,was. A.Geographicalexploration B.Religiousreformation C.Publishingandtranslation D.Humanism. Answer:D(可参考课本P8) 5.“PrinceArthursgreatestmissionishissearchforGloriana,withwhomhehasfalleninlovethroughalovevision.”Thetwofiguresefrom. A.ParadiseLost B.Dr.Faustus C.TheFaerieQueene D.Hamlet Answer:C(可参考课本P13) 6.In“Sonnet18”,Shakespeare. A.Meditateonthedestructivepoweroftimeandeternalbeautybypoetry. B.Satirizehumansvanity. C.Predicttheeternityoflove. D.Eulogizethepowerofthebeauty. Answer:A(P37) 7.gavenewvigortotheblankversewithhis“mightylines”andmakeblankversetheprinciplevehicleofexpressionindrama. A.Surrey B.Wyatt C.Marlowe D.Sidney Answer:C(P21) 8.Shakespearesgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept. A.Hamlet B.KingLear C.RomeoandJuliet D.Othello Answer:C(P33) 9.TheRenaissancereferstobetween14thmid17thcentury,whichwasunderthereignofQueenandabsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummit,andinwhichtherealmainstream(真正的文学主流)was. A.Victoria/poetry B.Elizabeth/drama C.Mary/novel D.James/drama Answer:B(P11) 10.InTheLegendofGoodWomen,ChaucerusedforthefirsttimeinEnglishtherhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter,whichistobecalledlater. A.TheSpenserianstanza B.Theheroiccouplet C.Theblankverse D.Thefreeverse Answer:B(P5) 11.TheRedcrosseKnightin“TheFaerieQueene”standsfor,andUnastandsfor. A.bravery/chastity B.holiness/truth C.error/delivery D.truegentleman/lady. Answer:B(P16) 12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthecharacteristicsofRenaissance? A.RediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture. B.AttempttoremovetheoldfeudalistideasinMedievalEurope. C.Exaltationofmanspursuitofhappinessinhislife,andtoleranceofmansfoibles. D.Praiseofmanseffortsinsouldeliveryandpersonalsalvation. Answer:D(P7) 13.“Theslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune”isanexampleof. A.Metaphor B.Simile C.Irony D.Personification Answer:A(P55) 14.introducedthePetrarchansonnetintoEngland. A.Anglos/Saxons B.Normans/AngloSaxons C.Greeks/Romans D.Romans/Normans Answer:B(P11) 15.Itisalonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliteraturepresentedtousaprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalksoflife. A.EdmundSpenser B.GeoffreyChaucer C.WilliamShakespeare D.JohnDonne Answer:B(P4) 16.ThefollowingbelongtothecharacteristicsofmetaphysicalpoetryrepresentedbyJohnDonneexcept. A.Conceits B.Actualimageryandsimplediction C.Argumentativeform D.Elegantstyle Answer:D(P63) 17.ParadiseLostisactuallyastorytakenfrom. A.GreekMythology B.Romanlegend C.TheOldTestament D.TheNewTestament Answer:C(P73) 18.In“ParadiseLost”,Satansays“Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolve/Towagebyforceorguileeternalwar,/IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe”Whatdoesthe“Eternalwar”mean? A.ToremoveGodfromhisthrone B.ToburntheHeavenDown C.TocorruptGodscreationofmanandwomanAdamandEve D.Tobeguileintoasnaketothreatenmanslife Answer:C(P71,节选部分在P75) 19.,thefirstofthegreattragedies,isgenerallyregardedasShakespearesmostpopularplayonthestage,forithasthequalitiesofa“bloodandthunder”thrillerandaphilosophicalexplorationoflifeanddeath. A.TheMerchantofVenice B.Hamlet C.KingLear D.TheWintersTale Answer:B(P33) 20.ItwasandthetwoconqueststhatprovidedthesourcefortheriseandgrowthofEnglishliterature. A.Anglos/Saxons B.Normans/AngloSaxons C.Romans/Normans D.Greeks/Romans Answer:B(P1) 21.ParadiseLostissmasterpiece,whichisanepicin12books,writteninblankverse,abouttheheroicrevoltofSatanagainstGodsauthority. A.JohnDonne B.ChristopherMarlowe C.JohnMilton D.EdmundSpenser Answer:C(P71) 22.ThefollowingdescriptionfitintoMiltonexcept. A.agreatrevolutionarypoetofthe17thcentury B.anoutstandingpoliticalpamphleteer C.agreatstylistandmasterofblankverse D.akindofelegantandrefinestyle. Answer:D(P7073) 23.isnotwrittenbyJohnMilton. A.SamsonAgonistes B.ParadiseLost C.Paradiseregained D.Tamburlaine Answer:D(P71) 24.Marlowsgreatestachievementisthatheperfectedtheblankverse,andheisregardedasthepioneerofEnglishdrama,whichofthefollowingisnotwrittenbyhim? A.Tamburlaine B.TheJewofMalta C.ThePassionatetoHisLove D.TheSunRising Answer:D(P20) 25.EssaysisthefirstexampleofthatgenreinEnglishliterature,whichhasbeenrecognizedasanimportantlandmarkinthedevelopmentofEnglishprose. A.JohnMiltons B.FrancisBacons C.Montaignes D.ThomasGrays Answer:B(P58) 26.Wasknownas“thepoetspoet”. A.WilliamShakespeare B.EdmundSpenser C.JohnDonne D.JohnMilton Answer:B(P15) 27.“Andwewillmaketheebedsofroses/Andathousandfragrantposies/Acapofflowers,andakirtle/Embroideredallwithleavesofmyrtle.”Theabovelinesareprobablytakenfrom. A.SpensersTheFaerieQueene B.JohnDonnesTheSunRising C.ShakespearesSonnet18 D.MarlowsThePassionateShepherdtoHisLove. Answer:D(P28) 28.WhichofthefollowingstatementbestillustratesthethemeofShakespearesSonnet18? A.ThespeakereulogizesthepowerofNature. B.Thespeakersatirizeshumanvanity. C.Thespeakerpraisesthepowerofartisticcreation. D.Thespeakermeditatesonmanssalvation. Answer:C(P37) II.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions: 1.“ForhereinFortuneshowsherselfmorekind Thanishercustom.Itisstillheruse Toletthewretchedmanoutlivehiswealth, Toviewwithholloweyeandwrinkledbrow Anageofpoverty;fromwhichlingringpenance Ofsuchmiserydothshecutmeoff” 1.Identifythetitleoftheworksandauthor. 2.Explain“fromwhichcutmeoff”. 3.Whathappenedtohim,whichcausedthewords? 参考答案: Thelinesarefrom“TheMerchantofVenice”, WilliamShakespeare.(P48) 2)Thissentencemeansshe,LadyFortune(命运女神),ismorekindtohimbecausesheistakingawaybothhiswealthandlife. 3)ThespeakerisAntonio,itssaidthathisshiphaveallbeenlost,andheispenniless,andwillhavetopaythepoundofflesh.(BecauseShylockhasmadeastrangebondthatrequiresAntoniotopayhimapoundoffleshifhecantrepayhimthemoneythatheborrowedforhisfriendinduetime.)(P38) 2.“Readnottocontractandconfuse,nottobelieveandtakeforgranted,nortofindtalkanddiscourse,buttoweighandconsider” 1)Identifytheworkandauthor. 2)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress? 参考答案： 1)Thesentenceesfrom“OfStudies”writtenbyFrancisBacon.(P61) 2)TheSentencetalksabouttheproperwaytoread:Whenyouread,dontbepuzzledbythecontentofthebook;donttakeitforgranted;dontquotetoomuchfromthebook;beforeacceptingitsidea,youdbetterthinkaboutitsshortingsandconsideritfromallsides. 3.“Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouowst; Norshalldeathbragthouwanderstinhisshade, Whenineternallinestotimethougrowst: Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee, Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee. 1)Wheredoesthepoemesfrom?Whowroteit? Whatdoes“eternallines”mean? Interpretitbriefly. 参考答案： 1)Thepoemis“ShallIComparetheetoaSummersDay”,byShakespeare.(P38) 2)Eternallinesmeansthelinesofthepoemandothersonnets.(P38) 3)Itmeans:youwillnotloseyourbeauty,anddeathwillnotthreatenyouwithdarkness,either.Aslongasmancanliveintheworld,theywillseeyourbeautyinmylinesofmypoem,whichhasgivenyoueternallife.(OrAnicesummersdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.(P37) 4.“Allisnolost:theunconquerablewill, Andstudyofrevenge,immortalhate, Andcouragenevertosubmitoryield: Andwhatiselsenottobeovere? IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe” 1)Pleaseidentifythepoemandthepoet. 2)Interpret“allisnotlost”. 3)Whatdoesthewholepassagemean? 参考答案： 1)ItistakenfromJohnMiltons“ParadiseLost”.(P74) 2)“allisnotlost”isthewordfromSatanSatanandotherangelsrebelagainstGod,buttheyaredrivenfromHeavenintohell.Inthefireofthehell,Satanisdeterminedtofightback,justlikewhathesays:notallislost,theunconquerablewill,thedeephatred,andthecouragetofighttilldeathstillremain.(P71) 3)ThispassageshowsSatanswillnottosubmit(服从),andthedesiretolongforfreedom;tobegGodformercyandworshiphispowerismoreshamefulanddisgracefulthanthedownfall.(P71) 5.“Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,lethimstudythelawyerscases.Soeverydefectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.” Questions: 3)Whatdoes“beatovermatters”mean? 4)Whatdoes“receiptreferto? 5)Fromwhichessaydoestheabovesentencese,whatistheessaymainlyabout? 参考答案： 1)Itmeans:makethroughexaminationsofthings.(P63) 2)“Receipt”referstocure,prescription.(P63) 3)Thesentencesarefrom“OfStudies”(FrancisBacon).Itisthemostpopularofbaconsessays.Itanalyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,thedifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andhowstudiesexertinfluenceoverhumancharacter.(P6061) 6.“What,isgreatMephistophilistopassionate Forbeingdeprivedofthejoysofheaven? LearnthouofFaustusmanlyfortitude Andscornthosejoysthounevershaltpossess. SayhewillsparehimFourandtwentyyears Lettinghimliveinallvoluptuousness Havingtheeevertoattendonme Questions: 1)Identifythepassageandauthor; 2)“Sayhesurrendersuptohimhissoul”,whowillsurrenderhissoul?Whatfor? 3)Whoarethee?Whatwillhedo? 参考答案： 1)Thepassageesfrom“Dr.Faustus”writtenbyChristopherMarlowe.(P2526) 2)Dr.Faustuswillsurrenderhissoultodevil.Becausehewasagreatscholarwhohasastrongdesiretogetknowledgeinvain,finallyhemadeabondtosellhissoultoDevilinreturnfor24yearsoflifeinwhichhemaygetanythinghedesires.(P22) 3)The“thee”,refersto“Mephistophilis”,theDevilsservant. HehelpedDr.Faustustodoanythinghewants.(P22) 7.“Busyoldfool,unrulysun, Whydoesthouthus, Throughwindowsandthroughcurtainscallonus?” Questions: 6)Identifytheworkandauthor. 7)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress? 参考答案: 1)Thepassageesfrom“TheSunRising”,writtenbyJohnDonne.(P66) 2)Thespeakerquestionsthesunsauthorityandspeakscondescendingly,placingthesuninthestatusofasubordinate.Intheloverskingdom,thesunhasnorighttodictatethetimeofdayorthepassingofseasons.Hispresenceintheirbedchamberisanintrusionontheirprivacy. III.Questionsandanswers: 1.HowdoyouknowaboutRenaissance?GiveasummeryaboutEnglishliteratureintheperiod? (Nomorethan150words) 参考答案: 1.TheRenaissancereferstotheperiodbetween14thmid17thcentury.ItfirststartedinItaly. 2.TheRenaissancemeansrebirthorrevivalthediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture. 3.Inessence,TheRenaissanceisahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropeanhumanistthinkersandscholarstriedtogetridoftheoldfeudalistideasinmedievalEurope,tointroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsoftherisingbourgeoisie/middleclass,andtorecoverthepurityoftheearlychurchfromthecorruptionofRomanCatholicchurch. 4.HumanismistheessenceofRenaissanceManisthemeasureofallthings.Thehumanismexalted/praisedhumannatureandemphasizedthedignityofhumanbeingsandthepresentlife.Theythoughtmanhadtherighttoenjoythebeautyoflifeandhadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandmadewonders,whichgotreadyfortheappearanceofthegreatElizabethanwritersinBritain.Poetryanddramawerethemostoutstandingliteraryforms. 5.Shakespeare,MarloweandFrancisBaconetc.weretheremarkablerepresentativesoftheEngli