CAD-CAE系统及应用Hypermesh软件介绍.ppt

CAD/CAE系统及应用,大连交通大学交通运输工程学院李娅娜副教授,1,2,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,1.Hypermesh软件及基本功能介绍（帮助Help）P1-P24,3,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,2.练习:ManualP7OpeningandSavingFilesStep1:OpentheHyperMeshmodelfile,bumper_cen_mid1.hm.Step2:ImporttheHyperMeshmodelfile,bumper_mid.hm,intothecurrentHyperMeshsession.Step3:ImporttheIGESgeometryfile,bumper_end.igs,intothecurrentHyperMeshsession.Step4:ImporttheRADIOSSBulkDatainputfile,bumper_end_rgd.fem,intothecurrentHyperMeshsession.Step5:SavetheHyperMeshsessionasaHyperMeshmodelfilecalledpractice.hm.Step6:ExportthemodelsgeometrydatatoanIGESfilecalledpractice.igs.Step7:ExportthemodelsmeshdatatoaRADIOSSBulkDatainputfilecalledpractice.fem.,3.菜单操作介绍,面板包含子面板通过左侧的面板按钮可以获的面板通常是从左到右执行例子:Project/toplanesub-panel投影/平面子面板,1)做什么?选择一个子面板,2)适用对象?选择操作对象,3)如何适用?给出参数、定义如何执行面板功能,4)执行操作,4,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,菜单：功能控制,Switches提供一个弹出菜单，可在有多个选项中选择Toggles在两个选项之间切换文本输入操作和其它程序文本输入一样可以用Ctrl+C和Ctrl+V拷贝和粘贴文本双击文本输入区获得计算器Example:1+1=211+insteadof1+1=,5,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,对象选择器通过对象选择器指定被操作对象的类型,Reset取消已选择的对象,蓝绿色边框表明选择器激活单击对象类型按钮获得扩展选择菜单,对象类型转换改变选择对象类型,对象类型按钮显示当前选择的对象类型,菜单：选择,6,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,扩展选择菜单,扩展选择菜单提供：选择对象方法修改现存选择保存一个选择，在其它任何面板恢复,7,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,窗口选择适用Shift+鼠标左键拖拽选择操作对象右键拖拽放弃操作对象单击左键改变窗口形状矩形窗口内矩形窗口外多边形窗口内多边形窗口外,释放鼠标键时，操作对象被选中,8,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,用来确定方向或定义平面平面可通过定义一个矢量来定义（矢量为法线）方向通过定义的平面来确定(平面的法线),Reset重置,当前所选方向/平面,方向切换,Base基准点,Edit编辑器双击获得输入N1,N2,N3和Base.,菜单：方向选择器,9,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,N1,N2,N3方向选择可以选择节点定义一个方向或平面选择两点定义一个矢量方向(onlyN1andN2)选择3点则定义了一个以N1为基准点的平面(N1,N2,andN3),菜单：方向选择（3点）,10,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,执行按钮Actionbuttons右边的绿色按钮是执行按钮执行面板或子面板的功能快速菜单RapidMenus单击鼠标中键可以执行带有黑色边框的按钮拒绝Reject相当于“Localundo”即恢复到模型执行动作前的状态注意推出该面板则不能恢复返回Return退出面板并返回上一级面板菜单,菜单：菜单按键,11,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,4.鼠标操作,12,中,右,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,4.鼠标操作,13,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,14,5.练习:ManualP18UsingtheTranslatePanelStep1:RetrievetheHyperMeshmodelfile,bumper.hm.Step2:Inthetranslatepanel,selectnodesfromthegraphicsarea.Step3:Selectandunselectelementsfromthegraphicsarea.Step4:Selectandunselectelementsusingthequickwindowselectionmethod.Step5:Selectandunselectelementsbyusingtheextendedentityselectionmenu.Step6:Shadetheelements,resettheselection,andselectafewadjacentelements.Step7:Specifyadirectionvector(N1andN2only)alongwhichtotranslatetheselectedelements.Step8:Specifyadistancetotranslatetheselectedelementsandthentranslatethem.Step9:Measurethedistancebetweentwonodes.Step10:Specifyadistancetotranslatetheselectedelementsandthentranslatethem.（N1-N2）Step11:Calculate5.5*10.5andspecifytheresultingvalueformagnitude=.Step12:Specifyanewvectorandtranslatetheelementsagain.,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,15,6.实体类型及集合介绍P25-P32,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,16,7.练习:ManualP29ReorganizingaBumperModelStep1:RetrievetheHyperMeshmodelfile,bumper.hm.Step2:Createacomponentnamedgeometrytoholdthemodelsgeometry.Step3:Createtwogeometrylinesandorganizethemintodifferentcomponents.Step4:Moveallthemodelsgeometrysurfacesintothecomponent,geometry.Step5:Moveallthemodelsshellelements(quadsandtrias)intothecomponent,center.Step6:Renamethecomponent,center,toshells.Step7:Identifyanddeletealloftheemptycomponents.Step8:Deleteallthegeometrylinesinthemodel.Step9:Movethecomponent,geometry,tothefrontinthecomponentslist.（reorder）Step10:Renumberthecomponentstobethesameastheirpositioninthelist.Step11:Createanassemblycontainingthecomponents,shellsandrigid.Step12:Createaloadcollectornamedconstraints.Step13:Movethemodelsoneconstraintintotheloadcollector,constraints.,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,17,Step14:Openthemodelbrowser.Step15:Createacomponentfromthemodelbrowser.Step16:Reviewtheexistingassemblyelementsfromthemodelbrowser.Step17:Addthecomponents,geometryandcomponent1,totheassembly,assem_mid,usingthemodelbrowser.Step18:Renametheassembly,assem_midtoassem_geom,fromthemodelbrowser.Step19:Deletecomponent1fromthemodelbrowser.Step20:Setthecurrentcomponentfromthemodelbrowser.,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,返回到前一个视图全屏刷新X-Y平面（上视）X-Y平面（俯视）X-Z平面（左视）X-Z平面（右视）,Plot,Refresh(P),PreviousView(B),X-YPlane(TopView),X-YPlane(BottomView),X-ZPlane(LeftView),X-ZPlane(RightView),8.显示控制：视角控制,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,18,ReverseCurrentView,IsometricView,CircleZoom(Z)DynamicZoom(S),ZoomIn(+)ZoomOut(-),用户视图:自定义真实视图:基于矢量方向,等视图,左键划个区域放大右键拖鼠标放大或缩小,左键放大右键缩小,反视,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,19,PanCenter(C),RotateLeftRotateRight,RotateUpRotateDown,RotateClockwiseRotateCounterClockwise,DynamicRotate(A)DynamicSpin(R),左键手动旋转右键相对于鼠标和屏幕中心旋转,左键平移在屏幕上选择和单击重新设置模型中心,以各自方向增量旋转,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,20,8.显示控制：单元显示,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,21,线框显示,单元显示模式,着色显示,线框显示,单元以实心的多边形显示,单元以透明的实心的多边形显示,单元以实心的多边形显示，并且显示网格线,单元以实心的多边形显示，并且以网格线颜色显示多边形的几何特征线,各种着色面选项,Shaded,ShadedwithSurfaceedges,Wireframe,WireframewithSurflines,8.显示控制：面显示,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,22,线框显示,带有面边的着色显示,带有面线的线框显示,着色显示,8.显示控制：Mask隐藏,Mask工具可以使用户显示或隐藏选择对象以免干扰所期望的视图,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,23,8.显示控制：模型浏览器,模型浏览器是一种很强的控制模型显示的工具,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,24,25,9.练习:ManualP39ViewingaModelStep1:RetrievetheHyperMeshmodelfile,bumper.hm.Step2:Manipulatethemodelviewusingthemousecontrols.TheCTRL+mousekeysareusedtorotatethemodel,changethecenterofrotation,zoom,fit,andpan.CTRLkey+leftmouse旋转CTRLkey+quick-clicktheleftmouse(onthemodel)改变旋转中心CTRLkey+quick-clicktheleftmouse(inthegraphicsarea)旋转中心为屏幕中心CTRLkey+middlemousebutton(movethemousearound)沿路经放大缩小CTRLkey+middlemousebutton(spinthemousewheel)放大缩小CTRLkey+quick-clickmiddlemousebutton模型充满整个屏幕CTRLkey+rightmousebutton平移Step3:Manipulatetheviewofthemodelusingtherotatefunctionsonthetoolbar.theleftmousebutton旋转middlemousebutton改变旋转中心rightmousebutton退出旋转Step4:Manipulatetheviewofthemodelbyusingthezoominandoutfunctionsonthetoolbar.,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,25,26,Step5:Manipulatethemodelviewusingthearrowsandviewpanelonthetoolbar.Step6:Controlthedisplayofcomponentsusingthetoolbar.Step7:ControlthedisplayofcomponentsusingtheVisualAttributespanel.Step8:Controlthevisibilityofvariousentitycategoriesusingthemodelbrowser.Step9:Controlthedisplayofentitiesusingthemaskpanel.Step10:Controlthedisplayofentitiesusingthefindpanel.Step11:Changethecolorofcomponentsusingthemodelbrowser.,第一节Hypermesh基本功能介绍,26,27,第二节几何清理,1.CAD模型的导入与修复P34-P41,拓扑显示,通过下拉工具栏控制拓扑显示,Auto:面和边以组件颜色显示或以拓扑颜色显示ByComp:面和边以组件颜色显示By2DTopo:仅在2D拓扑中以拓扑颜色显示By3DTopo:仅在3D拓扑中以拓扑颜色显示Mixed：边以拓扑颜色显示，面以组件颜色显示,28,28,第二节几何清理,拓扑显示面板,Topology页中的工具用于实现模型的拓扑显示，控制曲面和曲面边的显示模式，即控制曲面是线框显示还是着色显示，以及自由边、共享边、T型连接边、压缩边以及硬点可见还是不可见。,29,2.练习:ManualP59ImportingandRepairingCADGeometryDataStep1:Openandviewthemodelfile,clip_repair.hm.Step2:Viewthemodelintopologydisplaytoolbarandshadedmodetoevaluateitsintegrity.Step3:Deletethesurfacethatoverhangstheroundcorner.Step4:Createsurfacestofilllargegapsinthemodel.Step5:Settheglobalgeometrycleanuptoleranceto.01.Step6:Combinemultiplefreeedgepairsatonetimewiththeequivalencetool.Step7:Combinefreeedgepairs,onepairatatime,usingthetoggle.Step8:Combinetheremainingfreeedgepairusingreplace.Step9:Findanddeleteallduplicatesurfaces.Step10:Observethemodelagaintoidentifyanyremainingfreeedges,ormissingorduplicatesurfaces.,29,第二节几何清理,30,第二节几何清理,3.中面提取P42-P464.练习:ManualP70GeneratingaMidsurfaceStep1:Retrieveandviewthemodelfile，clip_midsurface.hm.Step2:Generateamidsurfacefrommidsurfacepanel.Step3:Reviewthepartsmidsurface.5.几何特征简化P47-P496.练习:ManualP75RemovingDetailsfromaMidsurfaceModelStep1:Openandviewthemodelfile,clip_defeature.hm.Step2(Optional):Toeasilyworkwiththemidsurface,turnoffthedisplayofthelvl10component.Step3(Optional):Meshthecliptoviewmeshqualitybeforedefeaturing.Step4(Optional):Reviewthequalityofthemesh.,31,Step5:Removethefoursmallpinholes.Step6:Removeallsurfacefilletsintheclip.Step7:Automaticallyidentifyandremoveroundedcornersofsurfaces.Step8:Meshthedefeaturedgeometryandviewthequality.7.拓扑改进P50-P568.练习:ManualP84RefiningTopologytoAchieveaQualityMeshStep1:Openthemodelfile,clip_refine.hm.Step2:Createapreliminarymesh.Step3:Reviewthemeshquality.Step4:Removeshortedgesbycombiningfixedpoints.(Replace)Step5:Removethefixedpointsinteriortoallsurfaces.Step6:Addedgestothesurfacestocontrolthemeshpattern.(surfaceedit.trimwithnodes)Step7:Addedgestothesurfacestocontrolthemeshpattern.(surfaceedit.trimwithsurfs/planes)Step8:Suppresssharededgescausingasmalledge.Step9:Remeshthepart.,31,第二节几何清理,32,1.自动划分网格P57-P64,32,第三节二维网格划分,各种类型的有限元法，第一步都是要对分析的对象进行离散，因此离散的过程是有限元分析前处理的一个重要步骤网格划分。根据实际构件尺寸的特点，可以将其划分为一维（1D）单元、二维（2D）单元或三维（3D）单元。在产品设计的CAE分析中，二维网格（壳单元）被大量使用。Hypermesh提供强大的网格划分功能，其中Automesh功能实现集于几何表面的二维网格的自动划分，通过交互方式可以方便地控制网格划分的参数，得到质量较高的网格。,选择划分的网格面目标组:-网格创建在当前组里-网格创建在相关联的几何面组里确认与选择:-选择没有划分网格的面-选择以前网格划分失败的面,第三节二维网格划分,网格模式:自动模式交互模式执行按钮:创建新的网格删除刚生成的网格,第三节二维网格划分,网格参数:单元长度单元类型-保持单元大小尺寸-防止产生扭曲单元-打断网格连接-激活以前网格的所有设置-设置对面边用一致的网格密度,第三节二维网格划分,交互式网格控制生成/更新网格接受与取消取消网格模式创建网格并返回到自动网格个模式全屏/控制局部网格视图,第三节二维网格划分,密度控制边上网格密度网格样式设置划分网格的方法和类型划分网格方法:Autodecide自动选择网格方法mapasrectangle针对矩形形状mapastriangle三角形形状mapaspentagon多边形free(unmapped)自由，任意形状面,第三节二维网格划分,四边形为主的单元等边(60-60-60)三角形四边形和三角形混合等腰(45-45-90)三角形,网格样式Type单元类型,第三节二维网格划分,网格样式单元类型和划分方法决定了网格样式,MapasRectangle,Free(Unmapped),Quad,Mixed,Trias,R-trias,MeshTypes,MeshMethods,第三节二维网格划分,偏置Biasing控制边上节点分布检查Checks评估生成的单元质量,Biasing,第三节二维网格划分,第三节二维网格划分,2.单元网格质量检查2DElementCheck二维单元检查CTRIA3ElementCheck三角形单元检查CQUAD4ElementCheck四边形单元检查,第三节二维网格划分,CTRIA3ElementCheck1Elementlength单元长度2InteriorAngle内角3AspectRatio纵横比Aspectratio=maximumsidelength/minimumsidelength4SkewAngle倾斜角CTRIA3SkewAngleSKEW=90MIN(a1,a2,a3),第三节二维网格划分,CQUAD4Element1InteriorAngle内角2AspectRatio纵横比即最大边长于最小边长之比AR=Lmax/Lmin3SkewAngle倾斜角即对应边中点连线的夹角中最小角的余角。SA=90-MIN(1,2)4WarpAngle扭曲角依次沿对角线将四边形分为两个三角形，寻找这两个三角形所在面构成夹角的最大夹角，该角即为WarpAngle。WARPAGE=Maxa1,a25ChordalDeviation弦长偏差即单元各边中点与该点在对应面上的投影点的距离值。6Jacobian雅可比,第三节二维网格划分,CQUAD4Element6Jacobian单元内各个积分点Jacobian矩阵值中的最小值与最大值之比。（0到1范围内，1表示理想形状）,第三节二维网格划分,2.单元网格质量检查3DElementCheckTETRAElementCheck四面体单元检查,第三节二维网格划分,TETRAElementCheck四面体单元检查1ElementLength2TetraAspectRatio即单元内最长边长与最短的高度值之比。TetraAR=thelengthofthelongestedge/thelengthoftheshortestaltitude3VolumetricSkew（用于检查四面体单元的体积扭曲）对于任意单元，HyperMesh假设定义了一个过4个顶点的球体，再依照球体的半径，算出一个理想的四面体的体积，该体积为Videal=8r3/93。参照理想四面体的体积，按下列公式，计算得到VolumetricSkew值。volumetricskew=(VidealVactual)/Videal4TetraCollapse（用于检查四面体单元形状检查）对于每一个单元，计算各个顶点到对应面的距离值与对应面面积的平方根之比，取其中的最小值并除以为1.24，即为tetcollapse值。tetcollapse=MIN(hi/sqrt(Ai)/1.24i=1,2,3,4,47,3.练习:ManualP101MeshingaChannelBracketStep1:Openandviewthemodelfile,channel.hm.Step2:Meshallthepartssurfacesatonceusinganelementsizeof5andthemixedelementtype(quadsandtrias).Step3:Deletethemesh.Step4:Meshthesurfacehavingthreefixedpointsinteriortoitssurface.Step5:Fitonlythesurfacebeingmeshedtothegraphicsarea.Step6:Fromthegraphicsarea,specifyanewelementdensityalongsurfaceedges.Step7:Fromthemenupanel,specifyanewelementdensityalongsurfaceedges.Step8:Fromthemenupanel,specifyanewelementsizetoadjustelementdensitiesalongsurfaceedges.Step9:Changealledgeelementdensitiestoreflecttheinitialelementsizeof5.Step10:Previewameshofthechannelsrib.Step11:Checkthequalityoftheribspreviewmesh.Step12:Changetheribsmeshpatternbychangingthemeshmethodusedforitssurface.Step13:Checkthequalityoftheribspreviewmeshagain.,47,第三节二维网格划分,48,Step14:Changetheribsmeshmethodbacktofree(unmapped).Step16:Changetheelementtypeforsomesurfacestotrias.Step15:Previewameshofalldisplayed,unmeshedsurfaces.Step17:Adjustthenodespacingonsurfaceedge(biasing).Step18:Remeshthechannelsbottomtwosurfaces.,48,第三节二维网格划分,49,4.检查与编辑网格Editelement单元编辑Combine合并网格Split划线分割网格Cleanup清理网格Split以选择的模式分割网格Replace替代节点Detach分开节点Smooth提高单元质量Qualityindex质量指标,49,第三节二维网格划分,50,4.检查与编辑网格CheckElems检查单元质量Jacobian,warpage,angle,min.length,aspectratio,skewEdges检查自由边Normals显示和纠正单元法线Penetration显示和纠正单元侵入,50,第三节二维网格划分,51,5.练习:ManualP113MeshClean-upofaPlasticCoverStep1:RetrieveandviewtheHyperMeshmodelfile.Step2:Reviewthemodelsfreeedgestoidentifyshellelementconnectivityproblems.Step3:Correcttheshellelementconnectivityproblemsusingtheedgespanel.Step4:Reviewthemodelsfreeedgesagaintoconfirmthatalloftheshellelementconnectivityproblemshavebeencorrected.Step5:Displaytheelementnormalsandadjustthemtopointinthesamedirection.Step6:Reviewthequalityoftheelementsusingthecheckelemspanel.Step7:Remeshtheelementsontheribusingtheautomeshpanel.Step8Removethetriaelementsfromtherectangularplaneofremeshedelementsbyfirstdeletingtherowofelementscontainingthetrias.Step9:Stitchthegapthatresultedfromdeletingtherowofelementsusingthereplacepanel.Step10:Usethesmoothpaneltoadjustthenodeplacementontherectangularplaneofremeshedelements.Step11:Removetriaelementsfromanotherareaofthemodelusingtheeditelementpanel,splitandcombinesub-panels.,51,第三节二维网格划分,52,Step12:Dynamicallymovenodesonthemeshareamodifiedinthelaststeptoimproveelementquality.Step13:Forthesameareaofelementsyoufocusedoninthelaststep,optimizeelementqualitybyclickingnodesandelements.Step14:Addaringofradialelementsaroundthesmallerofthetwoholes.,52,第三节二维网格划分,53,53,第四节实体几何模型的创建、编辑与网格划分,实体几何模型的创建与编辑P1-P7三维网格划分（一）四面体网格的划分方法直接四面体网格划分VolumeTetraMesher标准四面体网格划分StandardTetraMesher（二）六面和五面体网格划分方法Hypermesh创建三维网格的基本思想是对已有的二维网格或经过投影、比例放大或缩小处理后的二维网格，经过拉伸、扫掠等方法生成三维网格。SpinDragElemOffsetLineDragLinearSolidSolidmap,54,54,第四节实体几何模型的创建、编辑与网格划分,3SolidMap实现实体网格划分P8-P184练习:ManualP143CreatingandeditingsolidgeometryStep1:Retrievemodelfile,solid_geom.hmStep2:Createsolidgeometryfromtheboundingsurfaces.Step3:Createasolidgeometrycylinderusingprimitives.（基元）Step4:Subtractthecylindersvolumefromtherestofthepart.Step5:Splitthesolidgeometryusingboundinglines.Step6:Splitthesolidgeometryusingacutline.Step7:Mergesolidstogether.Step8:Splitthesolidgeometrywithauser-definedplane.Step9:Splitthesolidgeometrywithasweptline.Step10:Splitthesolidgeometrywithaprincipalplane.Step11:Splitthesolidgeometrybycreatingsurfacesinsidethesolids.Step12:Suppressextraneousedgesonthepart.Step13:Retrievemodelfile,solid_map.hm.Step14:Meshthe1/8thsphere-shapedregion.,55,55,第四节实体几何模型的创建、编辑与网格划分,Step15:Createashellmeshwiththeautomeshpaneltocontrolameshpattern.Step16:Meshthesolidvolumeonwhichthesurfacemeshwascreatedinstep15.Step17:Meshtheremainingsolidvolumes.,（可加一个例子：不同功能创建实体网格）,56,56,第五节四面体网格划分,直接/标准四面体网格划分P19-P242练习:ManualP166TetrameshaHousingStep1:Retrievemodelfile,housing.hm.Step2:Usethevolumetetramesherandequilateraltrianglestocreateatetrameshforthecover.Step3:Usethevolumetetramesherandrighttrianglestocreateatetrameshforthecover.Step4:Usethevolumetetrameshertocreateatetrameshwithmoreelementsalongcurvedsurfaces.Step5:Usethevolumetetrameshertocreateatetrameshwithmoreelementsaroundsmallfeatures.Step6:Preparethedisplaytotetrameshthehubcomponentusingthestandardtetramesher.Step7(Optional):Reviewtheconnectivityandqualityofthetriameshtovalidateitsintegrityforthestandardtetramesher.,57,57,第五节四面体网格划分,Step8:Createatetrameshforthehubusingthestandardtetramesher.Step9:Checkthequalityofthehubstetraelements.Step10:Isolatetheelementwiththetetracollapsesmallerthan0.3andfindtheelementssurroundingit.Step11:Remeshthehubsdisplayedtetraelementstoimprovetheirtetracollapse.,58,58,第六节求解器接口与分析设置,有限元建立P28-P292.建立载荷与边界条件P30-P333.练习:ManualP178SettingupLoadingConditionsStep1:RetrieveandviewtheHyperMeshmodelfileandsetprofile.Step2:Createtwoloadcollectorsnamedpressing_loadandconstraints.Step3:Applyconstraints(RADIOSSSPC)tothechannelslinegeometry.Step4:Maptheconstraints(RADIOSSSPC)onthegeometrylinestothechannelnodesassociatedtothelines.Step5:Preparetocreateforces(RADIOSSFORCE)onthebracketforthepressingloadcase.Step6:Createtwoforces(RADIOSSFORCE)onthebracketforthepressingloadcase.Step7:Definetheloadstepforthepressingloadcase.Step8:Displaytheloadsteponandoff(theloadcollectorsdefinedintheloadstep).,59,59,第六节求解器接口与分析设置,4.求解器模板的选取与设置