高中英语写作常用句型

高考英语书面表达题技巧突破指南考纲解读：（一） 高考英语书面表达题的基本认识书面表达题旨在测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。要求考生根据提示，用英语写一篇100-120个词的短文。书面表达的题材、体裁、情景体现了多样化、实用性的特点。取材比较广泛，内容较为丰富，多为日常生活和一般交往所涉及的内容。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文。提示的形式有图画、表格和文字等。（二） 书面表达题的题型特征：1. 提纲类2. 图表类3. 开放类解书面表达题的基本技巧及范例基本技巧：首先要认真审题。读懂题目所给信息，初步确定要点内容，并可用序号标出以免遗忘。列题纲使用要点条理化，序化，统筹安排布局。勿要直译，需意译。尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整故事结构，不可逐句罗列了事。要刻意把好语言关。要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语，力求文理通顺，语言准确。没有把握的词句不要写，确有把握的的可以锦上添花。遇到一时想不起的词语，需变通。可以用同义近义词代替，也可以用否定词加反义词来表达，亦可变换句式。不可钻牛角尖，更不能生造词语，汉化表达。注意文章的长度。看具体内容而定，如果内容多，应多用复杂句式，如果内容不多，为了达到词的限数应多用简单句式，并适当增补合理内容。注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整清楚，书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。最后应注意复查全文。看内容要点有无遗漏，标点、格式、大小写是否规范，是否有语病等。范例一：提纲类假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫，一直通过有关网站关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：1.自我介绍；2.祝贺苏琳生日；3.感谢工作人员；4.索取苏琳三岁生日照。注意；1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头语已为你写好。Dear Sir/Madam Greetings from China! Yours truly, Li Hua范例二：图表类下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包含以下内容：1. 描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；2. 结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；3. 举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。注意：1. 可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。范例三：开放类假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机（cell）和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up:TV,cell,or Web?”为题，写一篇英语短文。注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。写作基本句型 1. 简单句 （只有一个主谓关系）2. 并列句 （转折、因果、并列、选择、递进关系）3. 复合句 简单句的五种基本句型这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语基本句型一：S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如：1). 学生们学习很努力。_2). 她再次向我道歉。 _3). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。 _补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语，这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的，这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。常见的能带同源宾语的动词有：lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等。例如：4). Under the leadership of the Party, the peasants lead a happy life._。5). I dreamed a terrible dream last night. _。6). Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August._。7). He died a glorious death. _。基本句型二:S十V十P主系表结构这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如：8) We should _ _ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚。9) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_.B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如：10) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。11) Dont have the food. _.不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。12) The fact _ _. 这个事实证明是正确的。基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如：13) 我昨天看了一部电影。_.14) You place me in a difficult situation._。15）They finally managed to get along with us. _。16）They have _ _ _ of the children这些孩子他们照看得很好。17）I dont like being treated like this._。基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构，O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。如：18）Yesterday her father _ _ _ _ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。19) The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March._。这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：A. 动词 直接宾语 for sb.；B. 动词 直接宾语 to sb.。20) Please show me your picture. =Please _ _ _ _ _. 请把你的画给我看一下。21) Ill offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart. =Ill offer _ _ _ _ _ as long as you dont lose heart.只要你不失去信心，我会给你提供机会的。基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构这种句型中的宾语 补语可统称为“复合宾语”, 作补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：22）Keep _, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。23）他把墙漆成白色。_.24）我们发现他是一个诚实的人。_.注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：25）The boss made him do the work all day. _。英语写作常用表达句式：1（某事）是说起来容易做起来难。It is easy to say but difficult to practice.他获奖是最令人激动的消息。It was the most exciting/encouraging news that he got the prize.翻译练习：掌握一件事是很难的。 我们知道一些学习方法是有必要的。 2.很有可能会；大可主语+may well +动词原形；陈述句，and well +主语+may这里的may 意为“可能”，well意为“有充足的理由”（=have/with good reason）。他有可能会非常生气。He may well get very angry.He gets very angry, and well he may.He has good reason to get very angry。He gets very angry, and with good reason.翻译练习：他很可能会这么说。 3渐渐开始；转而开始主语+come to +动词原形我愈了解他，就愈喜欢他。The more I knew him, the better I came to like him.翻译练习：她渐渐意识到他的做法是错误的。 4习惯做某事主语+make it a rule to + 动词原形主语 + make a point of +动名词It is a rule with sb. + to + 动词原形过去的惯常行为：used to我习惯在傍晚的时候出去散步。I make it a rule to go out for a walk towards evening.I make a point of going out for a walk towards evening.It is a rule with me to go out for a walk towards evening.翻译练习：他过去常常在星期天来我家访问。 我每天通常早起，洗个冷水澡，到外面散散步，然后再以清晰的头脑做我每日的功课。 5.据说；听说据说运动会在月底举行。The sports meeting is said to be held at the end of the month.It is said that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.I was told that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.I/We hear that the sports meeting will be held at the end of the month.翻译练习：听说在开幕式结束后，上午10：30就可以进场。 6.不明白（究竟）I wonder +疑问词/if我不知道他要乘哪次火车离开这里。I wonder by which train he will leave here.我不知道如果他现在就出发的话能否赶上这班火车。I wonder/ am wondering if he is interested in it.翻译练习：我不知道她是否已经出发旅行去了。 我不知道如果他现在就出发的话能否赶上这班火车。 7.归功于（A owes B to C他把他的成功归功于你的努力。He owes his success to your efforts.翻译练习：我有今天是父母的功劳。 他后来成为伟大的科学家得益于他少年时代的辛勤工作。 8.最佳的是打好英语作文的基础的最佳途径就是阅读许多浅显的书籍。The best way to lay the foundation of English composition is to read many easy books.One can lay the best foundation of English composition by reading many easy books.There is no better way to lay the foundation of English composition than to read many easy books.翻译练习享受自然之美的最佳途径就是到乡下去。 9.预订要今年9月我们要搬到新校舍去。We are expected to move to the new schoolhouse in September.翻译练习请大家注意：明天下午五点在301室召开全体教师大会，望准时参加。 10.如此以至于这本书非常有趣，我把它读了一遍又一遍。This book is so interesting that I have read it again and again.As this book is very interesting, I have read it again and again.This book being very interesting, I have read it again and again.This is such an interesting book that I have read it again and again.翻译练习他如此热心以至于人人都喜欢他。 11.直到才直到在国外旅行的时候，我才开始深深体会到语言不通是多么的不方便。I had not realized how inconvenient it was when one could not make oneself understood till I traveled in a foreign country.I realized how inconvenient it was when one could not make oneself understood only after I traveled in a foreign country.翻译练习：我匆匆忙忙地到了车站，才发觉忘记带钱包了。 12对比议论我同意这个计划。首先，建工厂会给人们提供不同的工作。其次，它可以省许多钱。最后，他不会对环境有太大危害。I agree to/am in favor of the plan. To start/begin with, the building of the factory will provide people with different jobs. Secondly, it can save a lot of money. Lastly /Finally/Last but not least, it wont do much harm to the environment.我反对这个计划。一方面，它会占去学习太多的空间。另一方面，机器的噪音会影响我们的教学工作。总之，我认为这不是个好计划。I dont agree to/am against the plan. On one hand/For one thing, it will take up too much space of our school. On the other hand/For another(thing)/Also, the noise of the machines will have a bad effect on our teaching work. In a word, I dont think it is a good plan.翻译练习：给我们生活带来变化有三方面的原因：首先，人们的生活标准大大提高了；其次，大多数人有较高的收入，他们买得起他们需要或喜欢的东西。最后且同样重要的是，越来越多的人更愿意享受现代化的生活。 13.介绍某地的地理位置、人口、占地面积等苏州位于上海西面50英里处，人口五百多万，占地8488平方千米。Suzhou is located/is situated/lies 50 miles (on the) west of Shanghai, covering an area of 8488 square kilometers, with a population of over 5 million.翻译练习：福建位于中国东南部，4000多万人口，占地12.14万平方千米。 14.倒装句常用句式“only +状语”放在句首，句子部分倒装。只有这种方法，你才能学好英语。Only in this way can you learn English well.not until 放在句首，主句部分倒装。直到妈妈回来，他才吃晚饭。Not until his mother came back did he have dinner.3 not only but also 引导并列句，not only位于句首，其引导的分句要部分倒装。那个小男孩不仅英语说得非常好，法语也说得很流利。Not only can the little boy speak English well, but also he can speak French fluently.翻译练习我认为只有通过努力学习，我们的梦想才能实现。 15.表示原因1) 就这一点而言，原因有三。There are there reasons for this.2) 这件事的原因如下。The reasons for this are as follows.3) 这件事的原因是显而易见的。The reason for this is obvious.4) 这件事的原因是不难找出的。The reason for this is not far to seek.5) 这件事的原因是The reason for this is that 6) 我们有充足的理由相信We have good reason to believe that16.引出事物的优点当今许多人愿意进行晨练是因为这对我们的健康意义重大，以下是它带来的好处。Nowadays many people prefer doing morning exercises because it has a significant role in our health. Generally , its advantages can be seen as follows.17.引出事物的缺点正如一句谚语所说：任何事情都是一分为二的。这个也不例外，换句话说，它也有消极的一面。Just as a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides,” this project is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.18.用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型1) As the graph depicts,2) From the cartoon/picture, we can see that3) According to the statistics shown in the first/second paragraph,4) The table shows/indicates/reveals that5) It can be seen/concluded from the picture/table/figures that翻译练习从这幅图画中，我们可以看到，一位鸭妈妈为保护鸭宝宝免受强阳光照射，正撑着一把伞。 正如我们在图画中看到的那样，左边的售货员正仔细检查钞票（的真伪），同时右边的顾客在用一个放大镜检查商品的质量。 19.用于句首提出问题或现象的句型1) Recently , has become the focus of the society.2) has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.3) Nowadays there is a growing concern for4) Nowadays it is common to hear/see5) has become a common occurrence in our daily life.6) Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of7) It is only during the last/past few years that man has become generally ware that 8) There is an old/popular saying/proverb which says/goes9) In recent years, there is a general tendency10) Nowadays has become a problem we have to face.翻译练习目前，污染问题越来越受到人们的关注。 20用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型1) Some people like/prefer , while others are/feel inclined to2) There are different opinions among people as to3) Some people claim that is superior to Others, however, disagree with it.4) Some people believeOthers maintain Still others claim5) Some people suggestOthers , however, hold the opposite opinion.6) On (the) one hand, people tend to On the other hand, they feel7) Some people argue that Others, in contrast, believe that8) Although more and more people come to believe there are still others who insist that9) On the contrary, there are people in favor of10) There are some people who held who hold different opinions about 21.用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型1) My own experience tells me that2) In my opinion, we should attach more importance to3) As for my own idea aboutI believe4) As far as I am concerned, I plan to5) Personally, I prefer6) As regards me, I tend to choose翻译练习我认为，太多的爱可能会毁了我们。我们需要阳光也需要风雨。 22.用于书信写作的常用句型1) Thank you for your letter of2) It is pleasure for me to invite you on behalf of to accept3) Thanks so much for you letter, which arrived4) I am writing to you with refere