中考英语 第一篇 话题五 Rules and customs（规则与风俗习惯）复习课件.ppt

Rulesandcustoms(规则与风俗习惯),(7BUnit4，8AUnit10，9Unit7，Unit10),话题五,1outside(adv.&adj)_(反义词)里面的；在里面2wear(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)穿；戴3bring(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)拿来4practice(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)练习5dish(n.)_(复数)碟；盘6read(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)读；看7feel(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)_(n.)感觉；情绪8luck(n.)_(adj.)_(adv.)_(反义词)不幸的9keep(v.)_(过去式)_(过去分词)保持,inside,wore,worn,brought,brought,practiced,practiced,dishes,read,read,felt,felt,feeling,lucky,luckily,unlucky,kept,kept,教材梳理,词汇变形,10meeting(n.)_(v.)遇见11advice(n.)_(v.)劝告_(n.同义词)劝告_(v.同义词)劝告；建议12understand(v.)_(adj.)善解人意的13care(v.&n.)_(adj.)小心的_(adj.)粗心的14safety(n.)_(adj.)安全的_(adv.)安全地；平安地15bad(adj.)_(adv.)差；严重地_(比较级)_(最高级)16educate(v.)_(n.)教育_(adj.)有教育意义的17choice(n.)_(v.)选择18important(adj.)_(n.)重要,meet,advise,suggestion,suggest,understanding,careful,careless,safe,safely,badly,worse,worst,education,educational,choose,importance,1(be)_准时2_music听音乐3_class上课迟到4_外出5_the_洗餐具6_(ones)_铺床7be_(withsb.)(对某人)严格要求8_the_遵守规则9potato_炸土豆片10_.to_保守秘密11in_分成两半12inthe_最后；最终13be_sb.生某人的气,on,time,listen,to,be,late,for,go,out,do,dishes,make,bed,strict,follow,rules,chips,keep,oneself,half,end,angry,with,重点短语,14_sb.someadvice给某人提些建议15be_todosth.害怕做某事16be_about着急；担心17_mistakes犯错18_from逃避；回避19_theirears_扎耳洞20_about_atest担心考试不及格21_atest通过考试22talk_回嘴；顶嘴23_._from远离,give,afraid,worried,make,keep,away,get,pierced,worried,failing,pass,back,keep,away,24_onesown_自己做决定25_inthewayof挡的路26_aneffort作出努力27go_onesway特地；格外努力28make._athome使(某人)感到宾至如归29be/get_习惯于30_all毕竟；终归31_mad气愤；大动肝火32_by顺便访问；随便进入33_aneffort_beontime努力守时34clean._把擦掉35take_脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞,make,decision,get,make,out,of,feel,used,to,after,get,drop,make,to,off,off,1_inclass.不要在课堂上吃东西。2.Dont_class.上课不要迟到。3.We_be_.我们必须准时。4.Doesshe_inthelibrary?她不得不在图书馆保持安静吗？5.Thereare_rules!有太多的规定！6_happen_they_thepartytoday?如果他们今天举行聚会将会发生什么？,Dont,eat,be,late,for,must,on,time,have,to,be,quiet,too,many,What,will,if,have,重点句,7_you_thebustotheparty，you_late.如果你坐公共汽车去参加聚会，你将会迟到。8Its_torunawayfromourproblem.最好不要逃避问题。9.I_think_should_todrive.我认为十六岁的孩子不应该被允许开车。10.Teenagersare_youngto_owndecisions.青少年太年轻而不能自己做决定。11Yourbedroom_everyday.你的卧室必须每天打扫。12.Wehave_running!我们不反对跑步！13_willIhaveachanceto_mydream.只有那样我才会有机会实现我的梦想。,If,take,will,be,best,not,dont,teenagers,be,allowed,too,make,their,must,be,cleaned,nothing,against,Only,then,achieve,14.You_toshakehands.你应该握手。15.Whatareyou_todowhenyoumeetsomeonefor_？当你第一次见到某人时你应该做什么？Youare_supposedto_.你不应该行亲吻礼。16.They_theirwayto_me_home.他们尽一切努力让我感到宾至如归。17.Ifind_toremembereverything.我发现记住每件事情很难。18.My_challengeislearninghow_atthedinnertable.我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。,are,supposed,supposed,the,first,time,not,kiss,get,out,of,make,feel,at,it,difficult,biggest,to,behave,1success【拓展精析】success作为不可数名词，意为“成功”。thekeytosuccess成功的钥匙Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。succeed不及物动词，常用短语：succeedinsth.“在某事上取得成功”；succeedindoingsth.“成功地做某事”。Shesucceededinpassingtheexam.她成功地通过了考试。successful形容词，意为“成功的”。Theperformancewassuccessful.演出很成功。successfully副词，意为“成功地”。Ifinishedmytrainingsuccessfully.我成功地完成了训练。,教材讲解,2keep【典例在线】Ihavetokeepmyhairshort.我必须留短发。Keepthechildawayfromthefire.让孩子远离火。HowlongcanIkeepthebook?这本书我可以借多长时间？Everyoneshouldkeeptherules.大家必须遵守规章制度。Keepquiet，please.请保持安静。【拓展精析】keep作及物动词，用于“keep宾语宾语补足语”结构，意为“使保持某种状态”，其中宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语等充当。keep作及物动词还可意为“保存”，后接时间段时，代替borrow。keep作及物动词，意为“遵守”，相当于follow。keep作连系动词，后接形容词等作表语。,3suppose【典例在线】Heissupposedtoarriveontime.他应该准时到达。Youarenotsupposedtosmokeonthebus.Youshouldntsmokeonthebus.你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟。Idontsupposethathewilltellyouaboutit.我认为他不会告诉你这件事。【拓展精析】suppose动词，意为“推断；料想；猜想”，常用于besupposedtodosth.中，意为“被期望做某事；应该做某事”，相当于should。其否定结构为benotsupposedtodosth.意为“不应该做某事”，相当于shouldnt。supposethat从句，当变为否定句时，否定词应前移，即与think，believe等词用法一致。,4too.to.【典例在线】Heistooyoungtotakecareofhimself./Heisnotoldenoughtotakecareofhimself./Heissoyoungthathecanttakecareofhimself.他太年轻以至于不能照顾他自己。【拓展精析】too.to.意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义。too为副词，后接形容词或副词的原级，to后接动词原形。在too.to.结构中，不定式可带forsb.以说明动作的执行者是谁。若不定式的宾语与句中主语是同一个人或物时，不定式的宾语应省去(反身代词除外)。too.to.结构中不定式的动词为不及物动词时，应在动词后加上适当的介词。too.to.可以转化为so.that.和not.enoughto.句式，但要注意not.enoughto.中的形容词和too.to.中的形容词意义相反。,5worth【典例在线】Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这个问题不值得讨论一遍又一遍。Thispictureisworth100yuan.这幅画值100元。【拓展精析】worth形容词，意为“值得；有价值(的)”，常用于以下结构中：beworthdoingsth.值得做某事beworthn.当名词为金钱时，表示“价值”。,6regret【典例在线】Iregrettohavetodothis，butIhavenochoice.我很遗憾必须这样做，但我实在没有选择。IdontregrettellingherwhatIthought.我不后悔告诉她我的想法。【拓展精析】regret作动词，意为“感到遗憾；懊悔”；作名词，意为“懊悔”。常用于以下结构中：regrettodosth.遗憾要做某事(事情未做)regretdoingsth.遗憾/后悔做了某事(事情已做),1Weoftenjustwalkaroundthetowncenter，seeingasmanyofourfriendsaswecan!我们经常只是在城镇中心走走，就尽可能多地见到我们的朋友！【典例在线1】Theteachercameintotheclassroom，holdingabookinhishand.老师手里拿着一本书走进教室。【拓展精析1】现在分词短语seeingasmanyofourfriendsaswecan作伴随状语，说明作谓语的动词短语walkaround表示的动作发生时，另一个动作也在发生。【典例在线2】Ihopeyoullwriteassoonasyoucan.我希望你尽快写信。Youmusttrytorememberasmanywordsasyoucan.你必须尽可能多地记单词。【拓展精析2】as.assb.can/could意为“尽可能”，相当于as.aspossible。,重点句型,2Sixteenyearoldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.十六岁的青少年应该被允许穿耳洞。【典例在线1】Teenagersshouldntbeallowedtosmoke.青少年不应该被允许吸烟。【拓展精析1】该句为含有情态动词的被动语态，其构成为：情态动词be动词的过去分词。【典例在线2】Illgotohavemyaircuttomorrow.我明天要去把我的头发剪了。Thebossalwaysgetstheworkerstoworkdayandnight.这个老板总是让工人们夜以继日地工作。【拓展精析2】句型getsth.done意为“使得被”，在此结构中，sth.与done之间为被动关系。此结构除get外，还有have。getsb.todosth.“让某人做某事”，相当于havesb.dosth.。,3Ifyougototheparty，youwillhaveagreattime.如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心。【典例在线】Ifitrainstomorrow，wellstayathome.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。IllgotoseeyouifIhavetime.假如我有时间，我会去看你。Youmayansweriteasilyifyouchooseanotherquestion.如果你选择另一个问题，你会很容易答上来。PleaseletmeknowifMr.Greencomesback.如果格林先生回来，请告诉我。【拓展精析】if意为“如果；假如”，用于引导条件状语从句。从句位置可在主句前也可在主句后。由if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，其主句可以使用一般将来时，含有情态动词的句子或祈使句。,1puton，wear，dress，bein【典例在线】Idontwearglasses.我不戴眼镜。Heputonhiscoatandwentout.他穿上外套出去了。Thegirlinredismysister.穿红衣服的女孩是我妹妹。Thelittlegirlcandressherself.这个小女孩可以自己穿衣服了。【拓展精析】wear可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调状态。puton表示穿的动作，其反义词组是takeoff。“bein表示颜色或衣服的词”，强调“穿着；戴着”的状态。dress既可以表示动作，也可以表示状态。表示动作时常用短语：dresssb.给某人穿衣服；dressoneself(getdressed)自己穿衣服。表示状态时常用bedressedin。,三易警示,2ontime，intime【典例在线】Allthestudentscametoschoolontime.所有学生都按时到校了。Theycaughtthebusintime.他们及时赶上了公交车。【拓展精析】ontime“按时；准时”，相当于“attherighttime”，指动作发生得不早不晚，正是在约定的时候。intime意为“及时”，指动作在规定的时间内发生或在规定的时间之前发生。3except，besides，but【典例在线】AllofuspassedtheexamexceptJohn.除了约翰未通过考试外，我们全都通过了。Ihaveafewfriendsbesidesyou.除你之外，我还有几个朋友。Heeatsnothingbuthamburgers.他除了汉堡包之外，别的什么都不吃。【拓展精析】except是介词，意为“除了(某人/某事)之外”，表示所说的不包括在内。besides是介词，意思是“除(某人/某事)之外(还有)”，表示所说的包括在内；but也表示“除了”，相当于except，往往放在all，none，every，any，no以及everything，everybody，nothing，anywhere等词之后。,4arrive，reach，getto【典例在线】WearrivedinBeijingthismorning.我们今天早上到达了北京。Theyarrivedatthesmallvillagelastnight.他们昨晚到达了这个小村庄。Lisareachedherhomeverylatelastnight.莉萨昨天晚上很晚才到家。Whattimedoyougettoschooleverymorning？你每天早上几点到校？Wearrived/got/reachedherelastnight.我们是昨晚到达这里的。【拓展精析】arrive是不及物动词，后加介词in接较大的地方，后加介词at接较小的地方。reach是及物动词，后可直接接地点。get是不及物动词，其后接介词to之后才能和表示地点的名词连用。注意：当arrive，get后接地点副词home，there，here时，不接任何介词。,A(一)用所给词的适当形式填空。1She_(understand)theimportanceofhealthproblem.Andshemakesmehaveagood_(understand)ofahealthylife.2I_(meet)himatmysistersbirthdaypartythreeyearsago.AndIsawhimmadeaspeechinthe_(meet)yesterday.3She_(behave)properlyinfamilygatheringandhergraceful_(behave)inpublicmadetheyoungmanfallinlovewithher.4Lucyisa_(care)girl.Sheusuallymakesalotofmistakesinherhomework.Sheisaskedtobemore_(care)toavoidsimplemistakes.5Mark_(choose)hisoldgreenshoestogohiking.Ithoughtitisawrong_(choose),understands,understanding,met,meeting,behaved,behavior,careless,careful,chose,choice,词汇应用,6Ilikereadingbooksonweekends.Itsso_(relax)Ifeelreally_(relax)afterreadingbooks.7Wewereaskedtokeep_(safe)whencrossingtheroad._(safe)isimportantknowledgethatweneededcaringabout.8Dean_(suggest)theyshouldntgototheDiamondLakebutSamdidnttakehis_(suggest)9Good_(luck)!Youareso_(luck)togetachancetotravelaroundtheworldforfree.10Hewasateacher.Hesaid_(educate)kidswasespeciallyimportantandhedevotedhimselftogreat_(educate)career.,relaxing,relaxed,safe,Safety,suggested,suggestion,luck,lucky,educating,education,rules,arrives,practices,quite,chance,6.Wealwaysflykitesinthebeautiful_whenspringcomes.7.Thisbaby_loudlybecauseshehurtherfingerbyaknife.8.Hewasreally_byhismothersremarksafterhelosthisconfidence.9.Doesthe_makeyouthinkofbluesea，softsandandbeautifulshells?10.Alexadmittedthathemadesome_andhehopedthathisfathercouldforgivehim.,field,cried,supported,poem,mistakes,B根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。(一)Lauraoncelosther1._(钱包)，and2._(担心)fordays.Shewasafraidtotellherparentsaboutit.Sheevenwalkedthree3._(英里)toschooleachdaybecauseshedidnthaveanymoney.Shejustkeptthinking，“IfItellmyparents，theyllbe4._(生气)！”Intheend，shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereallyunderstanding.Herdadsaidhesometimesmadecareless5._(错误)himself.Theygotheranewwalletandaskedhertobemore6._(细心的)“Illalwaysrememberto7._(分享)myproblemsinthefuture！”Laurasays.RobertHunt8._(建议)studentsaboutcommonproblems.HefeelsthesamewayasLaura.“Itisbestnottorunawayfromourproblems.Weshouldalwaystryto9._(解决)them.”Hethinksthefirststepistofindsomeoneyou10._(相信)totalkto.Thispersondoesntneedtobeanexpertlikehimself.Studentsoftenforgetthattheirparentshavemore11._(经验)，andarealwaystheretohelpthem.InEnglish，wesaythatsharingaproblemislike12._(切，割)itinhalf.Soyourehalfwayto13._(解决)withaproblemjustbytalkingtosomeoneaboutit!,wallet,worried,miles,angry,mistakes,careful,share,advises,solve,trust,experience,cutting,deal,(二)Differentcountrieshavedifferent1._(习俗)Whenyouareindifferentcountries，youshouldfollowtheircustoms.InChina，its2._(不礼貌的)totalkwheneatingdinner.Andyourenot3._(认为)tostarteatingfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetable.VeryoftenpeoplewhotraveltotheUnitedStatesforgettotip(付小费)Itisusualtotipwaiters，taxidriversandporters(搬运工)whohelp4._(拿)yourbags.Waitersexpecttogeta15%tiponthecostofyourmeal.Taxi5._(司机)expectaboutthesameamount.InEngland，makesuretostandinlineevenifthereareonlytwoofyou.Itsimportantto6._(尊重)linesthere.Itsagoodideatotalkabouttheweather.Itsafavorite7._(主题)ofconversationwiththeBritish.InSpain(西班牙)，itsagoodideatohavealightmealintheafternoonifsomeone8._(邀请)youfordinner.Peoplehavedinnerverylate，andrestaurantsdonot9._(通常)openuntilafter9：00pm.InSaudiArabia(沙特阿拉伯)，menkissoneanotheronthecheek(脸颊)Yourhostmay10._(欢迎)youwithakissonbothcheeks.Itispoliteforyoutodothesame.,customs,impolite,supposed,carry,drivers,respect,subject,invites,generally,welcome,C阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(每空不多于3个单词)。(一)Mybiggestchallengeislearninghow1._(behave)atthedinnertable.Asyoucanimagine，thingsareverydifferent2._thewaytheyareathome.Forexample，yourenotsupposed3._putyourbreadonyourplate.Youresupposedtoputitonthetable!Ithoughtthatwasprettystrangeatfirst，butnowIm4._(use)toit.Anotherexampleis5._yourenotsupposedtoeatanythingwithyourhand6._bread，notevenfruit.Youhavetocutitupandeatitwithafork.Anotherthingisthatitisimpolitetosayyourefull.Ifyoudontwantanymorefood，youshouldjustsay，“Thatwasdelicious.”Also，yourenotsupposedtoputyour7._(elbow)onthetable.IhavetosaythatIfind8._difficulttoremembereverything，butIm9._(gradual)gettingusedtoit.IdidntfindFrenchcustomssostrangeanymore.IllwriteagainsoonandtellyoumoreaboutmylifeinFrance.Hopeyoure10._(have)agoodschoolyear.,tobehave,from,to,used,that,except,elbows,it,gradually,having,(二)InChina，veryfewchildrenmakepocketmoney.However，inWesterncountries，mostkidsmakepocketmoneyby1._Theymakemoneyinmany2._(difference)ways.Whenkidsareveryyoung，theirparentshelpthemsellthefruit3._theirowntreestoneighbors.Kidsmayalsohelpparents4._houseworktomakemoneyathome.Whenthey5._(reach)sixteen，theycanmakemoneybysendingnewspapersorby6._(work)infastfoodrestaurants，especiallyduringthesummerholidays.Therearemany7._(advantage)ofmakingpocketmoneybykidsthemselves.Firstofall，theylearnthevalueofmoneybyworkinghard.8._(two)，theylearntomanagetheirownmoneybybuyingthingstheyneedorwant，suchasbooks，pencils，moviesand9._clothestheylike.Third，theylearntodealwiththedailylifeproblemsbyhelpingtheirparentsorothers.Makingpocketmoneyishelpfulforchildren10._theygrowup.Thatiswhyparentsencouragetheirkidstoearnpocketmoney.,themselves,different,from,(to)do,reach,working,advantages,Second,even,when,(一)祈使句的练习：用祈使句的肯定形式与否定形式完成句子。1_(wear)ahatinclass.2_(keep)quietinthelibraryand_(set)yourmobilephonetovibrate(振动)mode.3_(sing)thesongswhenyouaredoinghomework.4_(is)patientwhensomeonewatchesyoureyesandtalkswithyou.5_(listen)tomusicwhencrossingtheroad.,Dontwear,Keep,set,Dontsing,Be,Dontlisten,教材语法,(二)情态动词的练习：“can，haveto，must”表达规则制度与风俗习惯；“should”表达观点或建议。就下列规则或习俗表达自己的观点，就某人烦恼提出建议。例：Wecanteatsnacksinclasses.(表达观点)Iagreewiththat.Weshouldbeallowedtoeatsnacksafterclasses.LilycaughtacoldafterswimmingintheZhongshanPark.(表达建议)Sheshouldgotobedearlyandkeepherselfwarm.,1Parentsshouldntallowtheirchildrentoplaycomputergamesormobilephonesafterclasses.(表达观点)_2Ithinkteenagersshouldbeallowedtodoparttimejobsiftheyhavesparetime.(表达观点)_3Parentsgivetoomuchpocketmoneytotheirchildren.(表达观点)_4Miffyhastogiveupdancingbecauseherparentshopeshelearnsdrawingpictures.Miffyfeelssad.(表达观点和建议)_5Laurahasatoothachebecausesheeatstoomuchsugar.(表达建议)_,Iagreewiththat.Theyshouldbeallowedtoplaycomputergamesormobilephonestwiceamonth.,Iagreewiththat.Theyshouldlearnhowtobecomeindependent.,Iagreewiththat.Parentsshouldnthavetogivetoomuchpocketmoneytotheirchildren.,IdontagreewithMiffysparents.Kidsshouldbeallowedtolearnwhattheyreallylove.IthinkMiffyshouldtalkwithherparentsaboutdrawingpictures.,Sheisntallowedtoeattoomuchsugar.Andsheshouldbrushherteethtwiceaday.,(三)if引导的条件状语从句的练习：用所给动词的正确形式填空。1Ifhegoestopartyonfoot，he_(be)late.2IfMichelle_(tell)hermothershefeelsupset，hermotherwilltakehertogoforawalkbesidethelake.3Ifhecontinuescryingloudly，they_(talk)withhimand_(leave)withoutsayinganything.4Ifyoudontgotothezoo，I_(not)，either.5You_(keep)healthyandfitifyoutakeexerciseeveryday.,willbe,tells,wonttalk,willleave,wont,willkeep,(四)被动语态的练习：用所给动词的正确形式填空。1IntheUnitedStates，they_(expect)toshakehandsorkisswhentheymeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.2Giftslikeflowersorchocolates_(allow)whenChristmasDaycomes.3You_(notallow)towatchTVifyoudontfinishyourhomework.4Donteatmeattoomuch!You_(suppose)toeatmorefruitsandvegetables.5You_(allow)tovisitMadameTussaudsWaxMuseumunlessyoubuyentrancetickets.,areexpected,areallowed,wontbeallowed,aresupposed,arentallowed,一、完形填空。Giftgivingisdifferentindifferent_1_InJapan，peoplesometimesgivespecialgifts.Buttheyarenot_2_Later，thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.Manypeoplehaveenoughthingsanddontwanttoomanygiftsthemselves.InCanada，manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.Theywillpayforaparkbenchoratreetohelp_3_aperson.IntheUSA，somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthan_4_themgifts.InSweden，doingsomething_5_someoneisthebestgift.Peopledontneedtospendtoomuchmoney.Instead，makingamealisenough.1A.schoolsBcitiesCcountriesDclasses2A.openedBclosedCboughtDsold3A.watchBinviteCforgetDremember4A.sellBbuyCmakeDreturn5A.forBinCbyDat,语篇解题技巧指导,解题微技巧指导1.C【解析】本题考查词义辨析。根据文章后面出现的Japan，Canada，theUSA，Sweden等可知，这里应该是国家。2.A【解析】本题考查被动语态。句意是说“这些礼物不会被打开，之后又会送给其他人”。“礼物”做主语，应该是“被打开”，故选A。3.D【解析】本题考查动词。意思是“为了记住一个人”而去做某事。4.B【解析】本题考查动词。句意为“比起买礼物给他们，他们更愿意让朋友或家人把钱捐出去做慈善”。5.A【解析】本题考查介词，表达的是为某人做某事，用for。,二、阅读理解。推理判断(一)文章出处【技巧点拨】推理判断题是阅读理解题中的常见题型之一，是思维层次较高的一种题型，命题角度多变。在解答此类题目时，需要在理解文章表面文字信息的基础上，作出推理和判断，从而得出文章的隐含意思或深层意思。推断文章出处是推理判断题的一种形式，解答这类题目时可以从以下三个方面考虑：1文章的主要内容和语言特点，例如新闻类(时事、科技、文化、娱乐、体育等)的文章通常出现在报纸上。2文章的形式，例如广告、诗歌、海报等有各自特定的形式，可以通过其形式推断出处。3文章中的关键词汇，例如文章中出现website、blog(博客)、click(点击)、log(日志)等词汇时，该材料很有可能出自某网站。,【真题分析】broadcast/brdkstbrdkst/n.Caprogramontheradioorontelevision:aradionewsbroadcast丨livebroadcast(aprogramthatyouseeorhearatthesam